Titjalo Temvelo kanye Nekudla la Ningizimu Afrika

© Roger de la Harpe
South Africans are over-reliant on maize and should diversity their diets to include more indigenous fruit and vegetables.

Kudla njalonjalo titselo letiningi letehlukene kanye netibhidvo kuciniseka kwemphilo kwetinhlobonhlobo tekudla. Kudla lokuyimphilo kuyadzingeka kwentela kugcina umtimba uphilile kanye nengcondvo lecinile kanye nekusita bantfwana kutsi bakhule baphindze batfutfuke kahle.
Kuhlala iphulile kuciniswa kudla kahle sonkhe sikhatsi kulamacembu lasikhombisa ekudla lalandzelako: kudla kwesitashi, tibhidvo letinsha kanye netitselo, emabhontjisi lomisiwe (noma emaphizi, emalentils noma emabhontjisi lagaywako), inyama (inyama lebovu, inyama yenkhukhu, imfishi, noma emacandza), lokwakhiwe ngelubisi nemafutsa (lubisi, emasi, iyoghurt), emafutsa kanye nemanti.
Ngekungeta titjalo temvelo kunika kudla lokuyimphilo emacenjini ekudla latinhlobonhlobo kudla kwakho kungancono ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi. Njengekutsi, emaphizi enkhomo asetulu ngema phrotheni kanye ne iron (futsi angabakudla lokumelele inyama, sibe lesitselo sesigodvoselubisi lesibovu sisetulu ngavithamini C. Lokumcoka kakhulu, letititjalo tingalinywa etingadzeni letincane, etindzaweni letinkhulu kanjalo nasetindzaweni letisetigangeni temvelo.
Ngekwesikali sesive iNingizimu Afrika ikhicita kudla lokwenele, ecinisweni, lelive liphindze libengulelikhokhako ngekudla lokulinywako lokuningi. Ngekunganaki loko, bantfu labatigidzi letilishumu nakune base Ningizimu Afrika kutsiwa abatetsembi ngekudla. ('Kutetsemba ngekudla' kusho kuba nelitsemba leliphephile lelenele kanye nemphilo ngekudla). Indlela yekudla eNingizimu Afrika icondziswe kutitjalo letimbalwa kuphela kantsi kukhona-nelitsemba lelikhulu emmbileni. Kukhona kungavumi ekudleni lokukhicitwa emakhaya kanye nendlela yekubuka tintfo lengabatako kutsi titjalo tekudla kwemvelo kwebantfu labaphuyile.
iNingizimu Afrika yesitsatfu lenkhulu ngenombolo yetinhlobo letehlukene tetintfo letiphila endzaweni mhlabawonkhe. Letitintfo temvelo tisetindzaweni letise Ningizimu Afrika futsi tiningi etindzaweni letisemakhayeni. Etindzaweni letisemakhaya, kudla kwemvelo kungakha incenye lesendleleni yekuphelelisa imphilo yasemakhaya. Imimango ingatsembela ekudleni kwemvelo kwentela kugcwalisa kudla kwabo phindze kubasite kutsi baphile ngetikhatsi letimatima.

'Indlala Lefihlekile' eNingizimu Afrika

Noma nje kute lizibithi leliningi lesikali-lesibanti sekulamba eNingizimu Afrika, bapopoli bemhlaba batfola 'indlala lefihlekile' (Kushoda kwekudla lokuyimphilo) kanye nekukhulisa linani lebantfu labadzala labakhuluphele kanye nemntfwana loyingoti (Kukhinyabeteka ngekukhula).
Sifundvo lesentiwa ngetindzawo letiphuyile kutifundza letine tase Ningizimu Afrika sentiwa ngemnyaka wa 2013 kuya ku 2015, kwentiwa Likomiti Lwelucwalingo Lwemanti (WRC) kanye neNyuvesi yase Pitoli, kuciniseka kutsi umkhicito wetitjalo uyangeta ekugadvweni kwekudla.
Lesifundvo sikhokha kutsi liningi lemakhaya lalikhona kutsenga imphuphu ngisho noma imali yayiyinkinga/yayingekho kahle, lemphuphu yemmbila yayingetelelwa ngelishisa la anyanisi natamatisi kanye nelikhabishi.
Kugcina kwalesifundvo kwakukutsi lokudla kwakushoda letinhlobo lebetidzingeka kuciniseka kutsi kukhicita lokungiko kanye nekutfutfuka kwemntfwana. Kwaphindze kwatfolwa indlela emkhatsini wekuhluma kwetitjalo kanye nekukhula kwelizinga lwekudla emakhaya. Ngekwengeta, imali lengenako ngekulima kanye nekukhicita titjalo letiniselwako kwakhulisa kudliwa kwenyama, emacandza, titselo kanye netibhidvo.
Phindze sifundvo lesatfolwa lapho titjalo singaphucula kudla kwemphilo. Tibhidvo telicembe loluluhlata kufaka sipinatshi, emacembe ebeetroot, umbhidvo wetintsanga, umtfunti wasebusuku, amaranth ne blackjack anconyiwe kanye netibhidvo letifana nesquash ('khalabhashi'), green pepper, lettuce, litsanga, tamatisi kanye nema marrows lamancane.
Titselo nato tikhulisa kudla lokuyimphilo nalawo lahlanyelwa la Ningizimu Afrika afaka; mangoza, papaya, likotapeni, buganu kanye neluhwabhu. Timphandze letifana nemadumbe kanye nabhatata kuyanconywa nako kanye netintfo letifana nemabhontjisi kanye nema phizi, lekufaka nelintongomane le bamara, emaphizi enkhomo kanye nemantongomane.
Kudla kwetitjalo tendalo letinaka kahle emanti – titjalo letingadzingi emanti lamaningi – kufaka emadumbe, bhatata, squash, tibhidvo temacembe tase Afrika, ema cowpeas, ieggplant, green pepper, anyanisi, luhwabhu, emakhiwa, lokhwatsa nema ntongomane onkhe.
Letinye letikhetsiwe talesifundvo tifaka:
Kuhlanyela - kudla kwemphilo lokushona phansi kufana nebeetroot.
Vuna emanti emvula noma faka kwekunisela titjalo.
Emaphayiphi kanye nekwekugcina emanti kumbe kungadzingeka etindzaweni letomile.
iBiofortification yetitjalo - letiyimphilo letishonako tiyadzingeka, ikakhulu kutitjalo letikabili kufana nebeetroot.

Translated by Phindile Malotana