Lokusamagungumence yimvelo yase Asia, eNorth America, nase Europe. Atsandziwe eGreece kusuka ngetikhatsi tamandvulo. Inkhosi Edward Yekucala yaba yekucala ekubiteni kulinywa kwaokusamagungumence, lokwakhokha etingadzeni tema British kutsi kugcwale lokusamagungumence ngetikhatsi tamandvulo telishumi nakutsatfu. Ngetikhatsi telishumi nesiphohlongo tandvulo, umkhicito besewukhule kufika ekugcineni kuEurope.
Lokusamagungumence besekukukadze kutsetfwe njengekudla kwekutichaza, njengoba labanotsile kuphela bebakhona kutsenga lawamagungumence. Ngeminyaka Lesemkhatsini, seyivele inekusetjentiswa kaningi njengentfo leyelaphako yemitsi, kanjalo nelibala.
Lolokusamagungumence lokuningi kungabe kutsetse ligama lako kusuka kumbali lenongotelako yelibala lewayini lebitwa ngekutsi yi raspeys. Kutsenjwa kutsi leligama lemaJalimane ‘iraspoie’ lelichaza kutsi kucinile, noma ligama leSilungu lelitsi ‘Rasp’ – ngekuchaza indzawo lehwayako yemagungumence, ingakhulisa ligama lemagungumence njengoba sati namuhla.
Umkhicito waNgaphandle
Umkhicito wangaphandle sewuvele wenteke kabili kusuka ngemnyaka wa 2007, ngenca yebadli lababa nekunaka imphilo kantsi nalokusamagungumence lokubukeka njengekudla lokunemandla. Bakhiciti labakhulu, nejngoba kuchazwa Yinhlangano Yangaphesheya Yalokusamagungumence (International Raspberry Organisation) ngema Poland, iSerbia, iChile kanye ne China.
iPoland inemkhicito longaphansi kwetinkhulungwane letimashumi lamabili nesitfupha ngemnyaka wa 2016, kukhokha lokungemathani layinkhulungwane lelikhulu nemashumi lamabili emagungumence ku 4.5 wemathani kuhekitha, lekumbe iSerbia inemahekitha latinkhulungwane letilishumi nesihlanu letakhokha emathani latinkhulungwane letimashumi lasikhombisa nesihlanu emagungungumence kumathani lamane kuhekitha.
iUnited States, lephindze ibengumdlali lomkhulu, ibenetinkhulungwane letimakhulu lamane nemakhulu lamabili emahekitha langaphansi kwemkhicito wemnyaka wa 2018, lokwakhokha emathani latinkhulungwane letimashumi lamane nesiphohlongo emagungumence cishe kumathani lalishumi nakunye ngemahekitha. Liningi lalawa emagungumence akhicitea eCalifornia.
Umkhicito waseNdzaweni
Ube umkhicito ukhula eNingizimu Afrika, lelitiko lisolo lincane nesandla lesigcwele umkhicito lobalelwa ngetulu kwa 8% wemkhicito, uma kungekho ngetulu. Kukhona tizatfu letehlukene letiningi taloku. Sizatfu sinye kutsi letintfo tesitjalo sikalekile futsi silukhuni kutsi sibekhona. Umkhicito ngumsebenti futsi kudzingeka tindella tekupholisa kwentela kunakekela kuvuna lokucalako. Lesitselo phindze sibulala melula phindze sinemphile lemfisha yaseshelufini.
Kwakhiwa
Kwakhiwa kuvame kwenteka eWestern Cape nase Free State. Lokusamagungumence kuyakheka ngalokushonako, imihlabatsi ledvonseke kahle lenelubumba kanye nematje lamancane lane tintfo letakheka kuletiphilako letiphakeme.
Lokuphakeme lokubuyako sekugcugcutele bakhiciti kulamanye emave kutsi bahlanyele lamagungumence ngaphansi kwekugadvwa, kufana nemtfunti wemanethi noma emathaneli. Noma loku kutohambisana nendlela yase Ningizimu Afrika, ngabe lokukhulu kutotsembela ekubiteni kwesimo kanye nemandla labitako esimo selitulu.
Sikhatsi seMkhicito
Lokuphuma ehlobo kunetidzingo letiphakeme lekufana nemahhabhula phindze kukhokhe inhlanyelo yinye ngesikhatsi sasehlobo. Kuyakhona kukhula lapho kunekufutfumala nebumantana etindzaweni lapho khona emahhabhula ahlanyelwa khona.
Lokuphuma ngesikhatsi selikwindla kunetidzingo letiphansi, lekukhokha inhlanyelo ekucaleni ehlobo phindze nasekupheleni kwelihlobo lingakawi. Kulungele tindzawo letifutfumele.
Tinhlobonhlobo
Liningi letinhlobo liyahlanyelwa, kancane ngekutsembela kulokulungele kwenhlobo letsite yemkhicito endzaweni letsite bese nalokufunwa emakethe kwaleyo nhlobo. Lolokungiko lokwakheka entfwasahlobo ngema Glen Prosen, iGlen Lyon ne Tulameen, lelapho lolokuphuma ngelikwindla Kwelisiko kanye netinhlavu te Likwindla.
Kushiyana ngenhlobo, lokusamagungumence kuta kubovu, kumnyama, kumtfubi phindze kulukhwebeletana, nelibala lelibovu nalelimtfubi lalokusamagungumence lokucondzene nemacembu lafanako phindze nekuba ngulokucinile kwalokuningi. Emagungumence acondzene nemacembu lahlukene. Kukhona kubandza lokuphansi futsi kunetinhlavu kunaletinye tinhlobo letibovu. Letinhlobo letilukhwebeletana tinetitjalo letiphakeme tikhokha lilayini leliphambanako lalokumyama nalokusamagungumence labovu.
Kupholisa kanye netigaba tekukhula nako kunekufakela kulelibala. Ngemnyaka wa 2019, lolokusamagungumence lokutsandvwa ngulabakudlako ngemagungumence labovu lotopele noma lacishe abephinki losa orange losabovu.
Kutsengiswa
Lokufunwa ngaphesheya nasendzaweni kwalokusamagungumence sekukhulile ngekuma ngetulu kweminyaka lemibalwa. Lining lalokusamagungumence aseNingizimu Afrika kuyahanjiswa, cishe nalokungaba ngu 80% walamagungumence lalungiselwe kuya eUnited Kingdom. Lolokusele lokungu 20% kumikiswa eMiddle East nase European Union.
Kusetjentiswa
Lokusamagungumence sekunikwe kutsi kudla lokunemandla ngoba kugcwele lokuhlanganisiwe, lovutsiwe ngetintsambo phindze kutfwele tigaba letiphakeme tavitamin A na C. Phindze futsi ete emafutsa phindze atfwele iphytonutrients, lekutsiwa isusa kuchwala kancane ngekunciphisa ienzyme kanye ne oxygene.
Lokusamagungumence kungatsandvwa njengesitselo lesisesinsha noma lesentiwe kutsi sesetjentiswe ekudleni lokudliwa muva, kumajusi, iyoghut, tinatfo, ematarts, emateas, kanye na najamu.
Translated by Phindile Malotana