Ama-raspbery zintjalo ezivela enarheni ye-Asia, North America, kanye ne-Europe. Sithelo esidliwa kusukela ngenkhathi zakade ze-Greece. Ikosi u-king Edward I, kwaba yikosi yokuthoma kobana abawe kobana kutjalwe ama-berry la, ekwarholela ekutheni amasimu we-Britain azale amahlatjhana wama-rasberry la kusukela nge-13th century. Ekupheleni kwe-18th century, umkhiqizo wawo gade sele udlulele eenarheni ze-Europe.
Ama-rasberry gade abonwa njengokudla kobujamo obuphezulu, njengokudla kwabantu abaregileko. Kodwana ngeskhathi sama-middle Ages, gade sele asetjenziselwa izinto ezahlukahlukeneko ekubalwa hlangana ukwelapha kanye nokudaya.
Ama-raspberry enza okunengi ibizo lawo livela ewayinini yomhlobo we-rose ebizwa bona yi-raspey. Kukholelwa kobana ibizo lesiJalimani elithi ‘raspoie’ elitjho bona thicket, nanyana ebizweni leSingisi elithi ‘rasp’ - elitjho iphasi elimarhadlarhadla le-berry, ekungilo elagcucgcuzela kobana i-berry ibe nabizo esele laziwa ngalo namhlanje.
Umkhiqizo Othunyelwa Eenarheni Zangaphandle
Umkhiqizo othunyelwa eenarheni zangaphandle sele uphindeke kabili kusukela, ngomnyaka ka-2007, ngebanga lokobana abathengi sele batlhogomela amaphilo wabo njeke badlumbana bona ama-rasperry anepilo. Abakhiqizi abakhulu bawo, njengobakuripotwe yihlangano yentjhabatjhaba i-International Raspberry Organisation yinarha ye-Poland Serbia, Chile kanye ne-China.
Inarha ye-Poland inamahekuthara ayi-26 000 eyawakhiqiza ngonyaka ka-2016, lapha yakhiqiza khona iinthelo zama-berry eziyi-120 000 yamatani wamabheri amatani ayi-45 qobe lihekuthara, lapha inarha ye-Serbia gade inamahekuthara ayi-15 000 ngaphasi komkhiqizo owakhiqiza amataani ayi-110 000 wamabheri ematanini ayi-5.6 wamahekuthara. Inarha ye-China inamahekuthara ayi-15 00, akhiqiza amatani ayi-75 000 wamabheri amatani ayi-5 ehekuthareni. Inarha ye-Chile gade inamahekuthara ayi-900 akhiqizwako, lapha gade ikhiqiza amatani ayi-36 000 wamabheri ematanini ayi-4 ehekutareni ngalinye.
Inarha ye-United States, ekungiyo engimdosi phambili, gade inomkhiqizo oyi-4 200 ehekuthareni ngonyaka ka-2018, owakhiqiza amatani ayi-48 000 wamabheri ematanini ayi-11 qobe lihekuthara. Inengi lamabheri la likhiqizwa enarheni ye-Carlifonia.
Umkhiqizo Wenarheni le
Lokha umkhiqizo lo utjalwa enarheni yeSewula Africa, ibubulweli liseselincani, abakhiqizi bawo basakhiqisa i-8% kwaphela yomkhiqizo nawungasimnengi kunalowo. Kunenzathu ezimbalwa ezibangela lokhu. Unobangela munye walokhu kukobana imetheriyali yentjalwezi awutholakali lula. Ukuwatjala kumberego kufuna izandla ezinengi, begodu umkhiqizo wenthelwezi ufuna iinqandisi ezibizako ezisetjenziswa ngemva kokuwavuna. Isthelwesi sonakala msinya lokha nasibanjwako begodu sibola namsinya.
Umkhiqizo Waso
Amila esifundeni se-Western Cape kanye nese-Free State. Ama-rasperry amila ehlabathini etjhingelako, ekhipha amanzi kuhle, eyisanda ezele i-organic matter.
Inzuzo abayithola ngawo sele igcugcuzela abalimi bawo, bakwezinye iinarha kobana batjale amabheri bawatlhogomele, ngokobana bawafakele imithunzi kanye namathaneli. Ukobana lokhu kuzokwenziwa eSewula Africa, kuzokuya ngokobana iindleko zakho zinjani zokwakha imakhiwo yawo kanye ngokobana igezi izokudla kangangani ezabe isetjenziselwa ukulawula itlayimedi.
Iskhathi Sazo Sokukhiqiza
Iinthelwezi ezivuthwa ehlobo zitlhoga iinqandisi ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengama-abhula begodu zivuthwa kanye ehlobo. Zirhona ukumila eendaweni ezinengi lapha kutjalwa khona ama-abhula.
Ezivuthwa ngesilimela azitlhogi iinqandisi kangako, zivuthwa ekuthomeni kwehlobo, ziphinde zivuthwe godu lada ehlobo. Zithanda indawo efuthumeleko e-subtropical.
Imihlobo Yawo
Kunemihlobohlobo embalwa yawo etjalwa, okuya ngokobana iyafaneleka kobana ingatjalwa endaweni leyo na, nokobana iimaraga zifuna umhlobo muphi. Umhlobo yawo okhiqizwa ngesiruthwa yi-Glen Prosen, Glen Lyon kanye ne-Tulameen, lapha ezivuthwa ngesilimela kuyi-Heritage kanye ne-Autumn bliss.
Okuya ngokobana mhlobo bani, ama-raspeberry anombala obomvu, osarulana, kanye nophephuli, ama-raspberry anombala obomvu kanye nosarulana abuya emhlobeni munye begodu ngaqine kunawo woke. Ama-blackbery abuye komunye umhlobo. Akathandi amakhaza begodu akheke njengembewu kuneminye imihlobo. UMhlobo ophephuli usithelo esiqinileko begodu watlanywa ngokobana kuhlanganiswe ama-rasberry anzima kanye nabomvu.
Ukuwapholisa ngokobana sele amadala kangangani kunomthelela embaleni wawo. Ngonyaka ka-2019, ama-rasbery agade athandwa bathengi gade kungewombala obomvu nanyana opinki opheze ube orentji.
Athengiswaphi
Ukufunwa khulu kwama-raspberry zinarha zangaphandle nenarha le sele kukhula kancanikancani, kusukela eminyakeni edlulileko. Ama-rasberry amanengi weSewula Africa athunyelwa eenarheni zangaphandle, ama-rasberry apheze abe yi-80% aya enarheni ye-United Kingdom. Asalako okuyi-20% athunyelwa e-Middle East kanye ne-European Union.
Asetjenziswa Njani
Ama-raspberry sele alebulwe ngokobana kukudla okunepilo ngebanga lokobana azele ama-antioxidant, azele imithiya begodu amumethe ileveli ephezulu yevithamini C kanye ne-C. Akanayo i-cholesterol, begodu amumethe i-phytonutrient, ekuthiwa iqotha ukubasdudla ngokungezelela ama-enzyme kanye ne-oxygen.
Ama-raspberry angadliwa afretjhi nanyana enziwe ama-dessert, Ijuzi, i-yogurt, iinselo, ama-tart, itiye kanye nejemu.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana