Lawa 'makhowe' lamnandzi langaphansi kwemhlaba amcoka kakhulu ekudleni. Kutfolakala esigangeni ngekhatsi kwetimpandze tetinhlobo letitsile tetihlahla, ema truffles nawo angahlanyelwa futsi adzinga simo selitulu lesibandzako ne alkaline, tinhlobo temhlabatsi letihambisa kahle emanti.
Yini I-Truffle?
Ema Truffle titselo letikhulela ngaphansi kwemhlabatsi ‘mycorrhizal fungi’ letfolakala dvutane netimphandze tetihlahla letitsite, letifaka ekhatsi oak, poplar kanye netihlahla te pine. Ahlukile kumakhowe lafana ne button mushroom (inhlobo ye Agaricus) lekhulela umcubeni lowakhiwe, iTruffle yakha buhlobo netiphandze tetihlahla.
Ema Truffle akawatsandzi emakhowe kepha abukeka ayindingilizi, afane nematje la beige/lakhanyako asa brown, dark brown noma umbala lomnyama.
Ema Truffles anuka kamnandzi ngathi ngu cheese, galiki, emantongomane noma sitselo, kuye ngekutsi nguliphi lihlobo lema Truffles. Loku kunukelela kuviwa tinja letifundzisiwe, letitokhombisa balimi kutsi kufanele bagubhe kuphi.
Tinhlobo tema Truffles
Kunetinhlobo letingetulu kwa 40 tema Truffle, kepha timbalwa letitsengiswako kantsi letinye titfolakala esigangeni. Ema truffles lamabili labaluleke kakhulu ngema truffles lamhlophe nalamnyama. I-Truffle lemhlophe (iTuber magnatum) nayo yatiwa njenge Alba truffle futsi itfolakala esifundzeni salelo gama. I-Truffle lemhlophe ayikajwayeleki futsi bita kakhulu kunawo wonkhe ema truffles.
I-Truffle yasebusika lemnyama (Tuber melanosporum) ikhula kakhulu eWestern Europe ikakhulu ePerigord endzaweni yase France, futsi ijwayele kubitwa ngekutsi yi Périgord truffle. Inuka kamnadzi kundlula itruffle lemhlophe.
Lamanye ema truffles lahlanyelwako (ngaphandle kwe truffle lemhlophe nalemnyama) afaka ekhatsi Winter truffle (iTuber brumale), i-Summer truffle (Tuber a festivalum var. A festivalum), i-Burgundy truffle (Tuber a festivalum var. Uncinatum), kanye ne Oregon lemnyama nalemhlophe truffle. Ema truffle lamabili eOregon atfolakala futsi ahlanyelwa eUSA futsi amnandzi lobumnandzi lobufana ne strawberry. Ema truffles eOregon avame kuhlanganiswa nema-dessert.
E-Ningizimu Afrika, i-Périgord truffle (busika lobumnyama beTruffle) ikhicitwa kakhulu, kepha labanye balimi batsatse sincumo ngeTuber a festivalum neTuber brumale. I-Aestivum i-truffle yasehlobo futsi iBrumale ngulenye lelinywa ebusika.
Emave Lakhicita I-Truffle
Ngenca yelinani lelikhulu le truffles, ifihlo lenyenti lehlanganise kukhicitwa kwe truffle emhlabeni. Kulinganiselwa kutsi eSpain nyalo ihamba embili ekukhiciteni kwema truffle ngematsani langu 60 (ngemnyaka wa 2018) ilandzelwa live lase Italy (ematsani langu 30) neFrance. Kusukela ngemnyaka wa 1999, kukhicitwa kwe truffle yase Australia kwakhula kwaba sezingeni lelifana nelase France.
Lamanye emave ase Southern Hemisphere lakhicita emaNew Zealand, Tasmania, Chile nase Ningizimu Afrika.
Translated by Thandokuhle Motha