Ezinkowane zinevumba elimnandi zikhula phantsi komhlaba zixatyiswe kakhulu kwindawo zokutya okuphezulu (fine dining). Zifumaneka endle ikakhulu phakathi kweengcambu zemithi ethile. Iitruffles zisenoku linywa, kwaye zidinga imozulu ebandayo, imihlaba ekwaziyo ukufunxa amanzi kunye ne alkaline.
Yintoni iTruffle
I-truffles yimizimba ekhula isiqhamo efumaneka phantsi komhlaba, kufutshane neengcambu zemithi ethile, efana nom oki, popla kunye ne pine. Azifane ke zona nezinye iinkowane ezifana neenkowane ze button (indidi ye Agaricus) nekhula kwi substrate yomgquba. Itruffly yona yenzubudlelwane neengcambu zomthi.
Iitruffles azifani neenkowane, koko zifana namatye arawndi anezivotho. Zinombala omdaka okanye ontsundu, okanye omnyama.
Iitruffles zinevumba nencasa eshoqololo lomhlaba, nesonka samasi, igalika, iindongomane, maxa wambi eyeziqhamo. Kuye kuxhomekeke kwindidi. Eli vumba lijojwa zizinja eziqeqeshiweyo, nezikhokelela umntu apho zingombiwa khona iitruffles.
Iindidi Zee Truffles
Kukho iindidi ezingaphaya kwama 40 zeendidi ze truffle, kodwa zimbalwa ezithengisekayo. Kwaye ezinye zifumaneka endle kuphela. Ezona ndidi zixabisekileyo ziitruffle ezimnyama nezimhlophe. I-truffle emhlophe (Tuber magnatum) ikwaziwa njenge Alba truffle kwaye ifumaneka kummandla wase Alba. Le truffle inqabile kwaye yeyona ixabisa kakhulu ukodlula zonke ezinye.
I-truffle emnyama yase busika (Tuber melanosporum) ikhula kulo lonke elase Ntshona Europe, ingakumbi kummandla wase Périgord region kwelase France, kwaye ivamise ukubizwa nge Périgord truffle. Inevumba eliqolileyo kune truffle emhlophe.
Ezinye iitruffle ezilinywayo (ngaphandle kwee truffle ezimnyama nezimhlophe) ziquka iWinter truffle (Tuber brumale), Summer truffle (Tuber aestivum var. aestivum), iBurgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum var. uncinatum), kwakunye ne Oregon black ne white truffles. Iindidi ezimbini ze Oregon truffles zifumaneka, zikwalinywa eMelika USA kwaye ezimnandi ze tropical nencasana yamaqunube abomvu. Iindidi ze oregon truffles zivamise ukudityanisw ne desserts.
Kwilizwe loMzantsi Afrika, indidi ye, Périgord truffle (winter black truffle) yeyona iveliswayo. Kodwa amanye amafama etruffle agqibe kwi Tuber aestivum kunye ne Tuber brumale. Ye Indidi ye Aestivum yi truffle yase hlotyeni ze yona iBrumale ibeyi truffle yase busika.
Amazwe Avelisa iTruffle
Ngenxa yexabiso elikhulu le truffles, ininzi imfihlo ejikeleze imveliso ye truffle ehlabathini. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ilizwe lase Spain lihamba phambili kwimveliso ye truffle, nge nani eliqikelelwa kuma 60 eetoni (2018), ilandelwe yi Italy (30 eetoni) ne France. Ukusukela ngomnyaka ka 1999, imveliso ye truffle yase Australia yakhula yafikelela kwinani elinye nelase France. Abanye abavelisi be truffle abakwi southern hemisphere yi New Zealand, Tasmania, Chile yi Mzantsi Afrika.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana