Ukuyitjala
Ukutjala imbewu yesikwatjhi.Iindlela Zokuyitjala
Isikwatjhi singatjalwa ngokusebenzisa izandla nofana sifakwe ngemitjhini yokutjala eempotweni ezincani zokutjala. Ukutjalwa kwembewu yesikwatjhi kungenziwa ngokufaka iimbewu yazo eempotweni ezikuma-greenhousesngesikhathi lokha ubusika nasele buyokuphela sekulungele bona kungatjalwa iintjalo ezincani esele zimileleko emasimini. Ngokutjala isitjalo esincani sesikwatjhi esele similile esimini umlimi nofana umtjali waso angehlisa isikhathi sokulindela bona isitjalo sakhe sivune abese uvuna iimveke nazi 2 kuya 3 ngaphambili kwesikhathi sokuvuna.Iinkhala
Isikwatjhi nasitjalwako kufuze sihlukaniswe sibenenkhala ezingu-50 cm besihlukaniswe ngamareyi ahlukana nga-120 cm. Lokhu kungaba ziintjalo eziyi-16 000 nge-hectareyinye. Imihlobo eminye yembewu yesikwatjhi ihlukaniswa ngeenkhala ezisemaduzelani ezingatjala iintjalo ezingu-20 000 i-hectare ngayinye.Isikhathi Sokutjala Nokuvuna
Iskhathi esihle sokutjala nokuvuna kulokha ihlabathi nayithoma ukufuthumalo ehlobo nasele kudlule isikhathi sombethe. Esikhathini esinengi lesi sikhathi sekupheleni kukaRhoboyi nekuthomeni kuka-September. Isikwatjhi singatjalwa bekufikele ekupheleni kwenyanga kaMhlolanja lokha ubujamo bezulu nabubuhle. Vane sitjalwe besivunwe kufikela eenyangeni lapho kuthoma khona ubusika nakusendaweni enganawo umbethe.Isikhathi Sokukhula
Isikwatjhi sithatha iimveke ezihlangana ne-10 kufikela ku-12 bona isithelo saso silungele ukuvunwa. Isikwatjhi esincani sona singavunwa msinyazana lokha nasele kudlule iimveke ezingu-6 satjalwa.Ukuvundisa
Ukuvundisa kokuthoma kwenziwa ngaphambili kobana kutjalwe ehlabathini engaphezulu endaweni yokutjala. Ngokuya kwemiphumela eyenziweko ekuhlolisiseni ihlabathi isilinganiso esingaba yi-600 kg nge-hectare ngayinye ye-2:3:4 (30) ingavundiswa. Ihlabathi evundisiweko yenzelwe iintjalo ezincani ukwenzela bona zizokukhula bezimile nemirabho. Ngemva kwenveke ezi-4 kutjaliwe lokha iintjalo nazithoma ukukhula kuthelwa esinye isivundisi esingaba yi-350 kg nge-hectare ngayinye ye 2:3:4 (30) erhatjhwa hlangana namareyi wentjalo aniseliweko.Isivundisi sesithathu esine-Nitrogen singathelwa lokha iintjalo zesikwatjhi nazinekinga nalokha nakutlhogekako. I-LAN (28) engabahlangana ne-250 kuya ku-400 kg nge-hectare ngayinye ilingene. Isivundisi esimamanzi naso singasetjenziswa ngokusebenzisa i-drip yokunisela nayikhona.
Ukuthelelela
Indawo engabahlangana ne-30 mm kufikela ku-40 mm eniselwako inganela ukukhulisa isikwatjhi. Lesi silinganiso singakhuliswa nofana sehliswe ngokuya kobujamo bezulu. Kubalulekile ukufaka bewunisele nge-drip njengoba lokhu kwenza bona amakari ahlale omile begodu nesitjalo singalahlekelwa mamanzi ngobunengi. Isivundisi esifakwa emirajini yehlabathi sibalulile naso.Tjheja lokha nawunisela isikwatjhi bona ungasiniseli khulu ngombana kulula bona sibenamalwelwe angabamba imirabho yaso lokha amanzi nakahlala emirajini yazo. Lokha nawusebenzisa iimpreyi zokuthelelela ukunisela, zama ukwenza isiqiniseko sokobana amakari waso ayoma ngaphambili kobana kubesebusuku ukwehlisa amathuba wokobana isitjalo singangenwa ziinkowani. Yelela uhlale uhlola bona ihlabathi imanzi ngokwaneleko begodu usebenzise umtjhini wokulinganisa ubumanzi behlabathi.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana