Indlela efaneleko yokubamba iimfesi nokulonda amazinga wamakhaza aphasi endaweni yefektri kuqakathekile ekukhiqizeni iimfesi ezisezingeni lekhwalithi ephezulu. Igama elithi "Cold chain" litjhobona ukulonda amazinga aphasi wamakhaza ukusukela edamini ukuya efekri bekufikele esitolo lapha iimfesi ziyokuthengiswa khona.
Zibanjwa njani Iimfesi Ezifuywe Emanzini Afretjhi
Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana iimfesi zihlukaniswe ngokufana kwesilinganisa sobukhulu bazo begodu ungaziphi ukudla amalanga angaba 3 - 5 ngaphambili kobana zibanjwe, kwesinye isikhathi amalanga la angabamade nakutholakala bona amazinga wokutjhisa aphasi, nalokha indeni yefesi nayigaya buthaka kuyelelisa uHenk Stander onguhlokokulu we-Aquaculture: Department of Animal Sciences at Stellenbosch University. Ukudima iimfesi ukudla ngaphambili kobana zibanjwe kuzokwenza bona amathumbu wazo angabi nokudla. Lokhu kuvikela bona nasele ziyokudliwa zinganambithi kumbi begodu kuvikele nokusabalala kwamaqhiwani kwenze nesiqiniseko sokobona zihlwengekile begodu ziba ngezekhwalithi ephezulu lokha nazihlatjwako.
Ukubanjwa komhlobo weemfesi ze-trout esikhathini esinengi kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuthoma kwennyanga zehlobo, ngalokho kufanele kuthome ngama-awara wekuseni khulu lokha amazinga wokutjhisa asapholile. Umhlobo weemfesi ze-tilapia neze-catfish zingabanjwa unyaka woke.
Balekela ukubamba iimfesi ngezandla lokha nakunganasidingo njengoba lokhu kungabangela bona zigandeleleke ngokumbumbulo begodu kubangele bona zivuvuke bezilahlekelwe maskeyili (scales) wayo, lokhu kungehlisa izinga lazo lekhwalithi lokha nazikhiqizwako.
Ukubulala Iimfesi Ngesirhawu
Iimfesi zingabulawa ngokufaka isihlahla esibulala iinhlungu emanzini wetankeni ekufuyelwe ngakiyo iimfesi, esifana nesihlahla sokubulala iinhlungu esimamanzi esibizwa nge-water-soluble liquid anaesthetic, esenzelwe ukubulala iinhlungu zeemfesi, nezomhlobo weemfesi ze-crustacea ne-abalone. Isihlahlesi singasetjenziselwa ukulalisa iimfesi lokha nazithuthwako nge-(1-5 yengcenye isigidi ngasinye) nofana lokha nakusaphunyulwa ukuthiywa nokubanjwa kwazo nge-(15-20 yengcenye isigidi ngasinye). Lokhu kutjho bonyana imizwa yeemfesi iyabulawa zingezwa ubuhlungu.
Ngemva kokubamnjwa kweemfesi, kufanele zibulungwe endaweni emakhaza enamazinga angaphasi kwe 5℃ bezifakwe ngaphasi nofana zigutjuzeswe ngerhwaba. Irhwabeli kufanele lihlale likhona ukwenzela bona nanyana kungasiphi isikhathi sokubanjwa kweemfesi lifunyaneke; ungalithenga nofana uzenzele lakho.
Thumela inani elifaneleko leemfesi elifakwe ngemgqomini ohlwengekileko endaweni lapho iimfesi zilungiselelwa khona ukuthengiswa ngelanga nesikhathi ekuvunyelwene ngaso, kusenzo esihle ukuthumele isampula yeemfesi ezingaba ngesesilinganiso esingaba yi 50 - 80 kg endaweni lapho ezihlolwa khona bona zikulungele ukuthengiswa bonyana kuhlolwe ubujamo bazo ngaphambi kobana zibanjwe. Isihlahlubo sesampulesi sizokuhlolwa bona ifesi inambitha bunjani, indlela eqaleka ngayo besekuthi nakuhlolwa umhlobo wefesi we-trout kuhlolwe nombala wenyama yayo. Ngemva kobana kwenziwe iinhlahlubo bezaphasiswa, kulapho kungathunyelwa inani elifaneko njengesivumelwano.
Okhunye okufanele kwenziwe kukobana abafuyi benfesi kufanele balungiselele indawo yokubulunga iimfesi emakhaza ukwenzela bona bakghone ukulonda iimfesi esele zibanjiwe nange kungenzeka bona bangakhgoni ukuzithumela emafektri lapho ezilungiselelwa ukuba sebujameni bokuthengiswa.
Zibanjwa nini Iimfesi
Umhlobo weemfesi ezifuywa ngokuhlaliswa emanzini afretjhi zibanjwa esilinganisweni esahlukahlukeneko sobudisi kutjho uHenk Stander, onguhlokokulu wamathekniki we-Aquaculture Division of Stellenbosch University.
Umhlobo weemfesi ze-trout kuzimfesi ezibanjwa ngesikhathi sonyaka sethwasahlobo nekuthomeni kwehlobo. Isilinganiso sobudisi befesi ye-trout buyi 1 kg, kodwana ezithengiswa ngemali ehle ngezinobudisi obulinganiselwa ku 1.2 - 1.3 kg ngayinye ephilako. Inyama yazo ilinganiselwa ku 80% (nayinganahloko namathumbu) kufikela ku 50% nayihlukaniswe ngeentokana.
Umhlobo weemfesi ze-talapia neze-catfish zifuywa unyaka woke begodu kufanele kuthathwe isilinganiso sobudisi bazo amahlandla angabamathathu ngesikhathi sonyaka lokha nazikhuliswako. Iimfesi ezincani ziyahlukaniswa zisuswe kilezo ezidala ngokusebenzisa isikali sokukala ubukhulu bazo bese kuthi iimfesi ezikulu zifakwe zodwa kwelinye idamu nofana itanka. Nakwenzeka bona iimfesi zingakalwa ubukhulu bazo bezibekwe ngokulingana kwazo, iimfesi ezikulu zizokudla kokuthoma, bese lokhu kwenze bona iimfesi ezincani zingasatholi ukudla okwaneleko. Lokhu kungakgolela ekutheni izinga lokukhula phakathi kweemfesi ezincani nezikulu libenomehluko omkhulu, kuhlathulula uHenk.
Itilapia ibanjwa nasele ifika ku 250 - 300 g ngesilinganiso sobudisi baso lokha nayithengiswa ipheleleko. Lokha ifesi yomhlobo we-talipia nayithengiswako ingakasikwa ithengiselwa ukuyokuqotjwa ngeentokana isilinganiso sobudisi baso obufunekako kufanele kube yi 0.8 kg - 1 kg.
Umhlobo weemfesi ezinamazinyo abukhali we-catfish nazo zingafuywa nanoma kungasiphi isikhathi sonyaka begodu kufanele zikalwe isilinganiso sobukhulu bazo ipilo yazo yoke. Iimfesi zomhlobo we-catfish zithengiswa ngeentokana kwaphela begodu isilinganiso sobudisi baso obufaneleko buyi 1 kg. Irhwebo lokuthengisa umhlobo wefesi we-carp lincani khulu ngonobangela weentengo zamanani aphasi begodu nokungamukelwa nofana ukungathengwa kwayo bathengi beSewula Africa.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana