Ndlela yo Phasa Tihlampfi tale Matini
Tiyisisa leswaku tihlamfpi ti hlawuriwa hi kuringana loko tingase khomiwa kutani ti dlayisiwa ndlala kuringana 3 - 5 wa masiku loko tingase khomiwa, minkarhi yin’wana kuringana masiku yo leha loko mahiselo ya mati yari ehansi, ku nonokisa mpfuvelo kuya hi switsundzuxo swa Henk Stander mininjhere wa swavuthekiniki wa Aquaculture: Department of Animal Sciences at Stellenbosch University. Kuti dlayisa ndlala swiendla leswaku ku hela leswinga ekhwirini. Leswi swita endla leswaku tihlampfi tiva na nantswo wa kahle xikan’we naku tiyisisa ku basa loku languteriweke na khwalithi hinkarhi lowu ti dlayiwaka.Ku khomiwa ka trout switala ku endliwa emasunguleni ya tinhweti ta ximumu naswona swifanele, kuva swiendliwa wahari mixo swinene loko kungase hisa. Tilapia na catfish tikhomiwa nkarhi hinkwawo wa lembe.
Tiyisisa leswaku akuna makhomelo ya hlampfi lawa yanga tisaka ntshikelelo kumbe kuvavisa hlampfi, kusuka magwaxu leswingavaka na xiave xo biha eka khwalithi ya leswi humelerisiwaka.
Ndlela ya Vumunhu yo Dlaya Tihlampfi
Tihlampfi tinga dlawa hikuva ku cheriwa anaesthetic eka mati eka mathangi yantshovelo, kufana na swihalaki swa mati swa anaesthetic ya tihlampfi, crustacea na abalone. Aswina nkarhi wa kutisusa naswona swinga tirhisiwa ku titivata tihlampfi kuva tifambisiwa (1 - 5 wa swiphemu hi million) kumbe eka ‘rested harvesting’ (15 - 20 ppm). Leswi swivula leswaku tihlampfi ta titivatiwa naswona atitwi kuvava.Endzhaku ka ntshovelo, hlayisa tihlampfi ehansi ka 5℃ hiku tifinengeta hi leyara ya ti ayisi kumbe ice slurry. Ayisi yifanele kuva yitshama yilulamile kungase khomiwa tihlampfi; xava ayisi kumbe u endla ya wena.
Fambisa nhlayo leyi lulameleke ya tihlampfi eka ti bin leti basisiweke kuva tiya lulamisiwa hinkarhi na siku leri kunga twananiwa hi swona, kambe i maendlelo ya kahle kurhumela xikombiso xa 50 - 80 kg ya tihlampfi laha tihumelerisiwaka kona leswaku tiya kamberiwa loko kungase khomiwa hinkwato. Vukamberi lebyi byita langutisisa eka nantswo, leswi tivonakisaka xiswona naswona eka leyi ya trout, ku langutiwa na muhlovo wa nyama. Ntsena endzhaku kaloko swikombiso swi pasisiwile, letin’wana tihlampfi tinga tisiwa.
Kuyisa emahlweni, mufuwi wa tihlampfi ufanele ku lulamisa xigwitsirisi leswaku tita hlayisiwa kona tihlampfi kukatsa na hlampfi leyi susiweke nhloko na swalendzeni laha swinga kotekeki kuyisa hlampfi leyintshwa leswaku yiya lulamisiwa.
Nkarhi wo Khoma Tihlampfi
Tinxaka ta tihlampfi ti khomiwa tiri na mintiko yo hambana hambana, kuvula ka Henk Stander, minijhere nkulu wa swa vuthekiniki wa Aquaculture Division of Stellenbosch University.Trout i hlampfi leyi kumekaka hi tinguva tokarhi xikan’we nati spawns eku heleni ka ximun’wana kumbe e masunguleni ya ximumu. Ntiko walehansi lowu lavekaka wa trout i 1 kg, kambe mintsengo yakahle hi kg yakumeka eka 1.2 - 1.3 kg ya ntiko wa leyi yi hanyaka. Mbuyelo wa nyama wukwalomu ka 80% (head and guts removed) kuya eka 50% loko yitsemeleriwile.
Tilapia na kutshikeriwa ka matandza yati catfish swi endleka nkarhi hinkwawo wa lembe naswona tifanele tiri na ntikelo lowu ringanelaka grade kwalomu ka minkarhi yinharhu hinkarhi waku kurisa tihlampfi. Tihlampfi leti ntsongo ta hambanyisiwa na letikulu hiku tirhisa xikalu kutani letikulu tiyisiwa eka thangi lerikulu kumbe damu. Loko tihlampfi tinga pimiwi hi sayizi, letikulu tita dya kusungula, tisivela swihlampfani kuva swi dya kuringanela. Leswi swita endla leswaku kuva na nhlayo yokula naku hambana ka sayizi exikarhi ka letintsongo na letikulu laha tingata hambana swinene, kuhlamusela Henk.
Tilapia ti khomiwa loko tifika eka 250 - 300 g loko ti xavisiwa tiri hlampfi yin’we. Loko tilapia yi xavisiwa yitsemeleriwile (fish meat cut into portions) kutani ntiko wa kahle wufanele kuva eka 0.8 kg - 1 kg.
Sharptooth catfish nayona yina na nguva leyinga heriki yaku tshikela matandza naswona yilava kuva yi pimiwa sayizi eka vutomi bya yona hinkwabyo. Catfish yixavisiwa ntsena yi tsemeleriwile naswona ntiko wa kahle wa hlampfi i 1 kg. Ku khomela ku xavisa kati carp swile hansi swinene hikokwalaho ka minxavo yale hansi xikan’we na miehleketo ya vaxavi e Afrika Dzonga.Translated by Ike Ngobeni