Indlela Yokuvuna Inhlanzi
Qinisekisa ukuthi izinhlanzi zihlelwa ngobuningi obufanayo ngaphambi kokuvuna futhi zilamba izinhlanzi ngezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuvuna, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangaphezulu uma izinga lokushisa kwamanzi liphansi, isisindo somzimba esincane sicebisa uHen Stander umphathi wezobuchwepheshe we-Aquaculture: uMnyango WeSayensi yezilwane e-Stellenbosch University. Ukushaywa yindlala ngaphambi kokuvuna kuzothula okuqukethwe kwesisu. Ngeke nje kuvimbele noma yikuphi ukungahambisani nokudla nokungcola okuyi-microbial kodwa kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi inhlanzeko engcono kanye nekhwalithi ngesikhathi sokubulala.Ukuvunwa kwe-trout ngokuvamile kwenziwa ezinyangeni zakuqala zasehlobo futhi kufanele-ke, uqale ekuseni lapho izinga lokushisa lisahle. I-tilapia ne-catfish zivunwa unyaka wonke.
Gwema ukusingathwa okungadingekile kwezinhlanzi ezingase zenze ukucindezeleka kanye nokubangela izinhlanzi ukuba ziphazamise futhi zilahlekelwe esikalini, ngaleyo ndlela zithinte izinga lomkhiqizo.
Indlela Yokubungaza Inhlanzi Efanele
Inhlanzi ingabulawa ngokufaka i-anesthetic emanzini amathangi okuvuna, njengamanzi anelisayo emanzini anesifo samanzi, i-crustacea ne-abalone. Ayinayo isikhathi sokuhoxiswa futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukudonsa izinhlanzi zokuthutha (izingxenye ezingu-1 kuya kwezi-5 kwisigidi ngasinye) noma 'ukuvuna ukuphumula' (15 - 20 ppm). Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlanzi zihlanjululwa futhi azizwa ubuhlungu.Emva kokuvuna, gcina izinhlanzi ezingaphansi kuka-5℃ ngokuzimboza ngezingqimba zeqhwa noma i-ice slurry. Iqhwa kufanele ilungele ngaphambi kokuvuna; uthenge i-ice noma wenze ngokwakho.
Ukuletha izinhlanzi ezifanele ezinhlanzi ezihlanzekile ku-processor ngesikhathi kanye nosuku okuvunyelwene ngaso, kodwa kuyinto enhle ukuthumela isampula yezinhlanzi ezingu-50 kuya ku-80 kwinqubo yokuhlola ngaphambi kokuvuna okuyinhloko. Isampula yokuhlola izohlolwa ngokunambitha, ukubukeka okujwayelekile kanye nasendabeni ye-trout, ngombala wenyama. Ngemuva kokuba isampula isamukelekile, kufanele zonke izinhlanzi zihanjiswe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlimi wezinhlanzi kufanele futhi ahlele izindawo zokugcina amahhala wezinhlanzi ezivuniwe nezitshalo lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukuletha izinhlanzi ezintsha ekucubunguleni izinkampani.
Isikhathi Sokuvuna Inhlanzi
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile zivunwa ngezisindo ezehlukene, kusho uHenk Stander, umphathi oyinhloko wezobuchwepheshe we-Aquaculture Division yaseStellenbosch University.I-Trout iyinhlanzi yonyaka futhi ihluma ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Isisindo esincane se-trout singu-1 kg, kodwa amanani angcono kakhulu ngekhilomitha atholakala ku-1.2 - 1.3 kg isisindo esibukhoma. Ukukhiqiza inyama kunama-80% (ikhanda nokukhishwa kususiwe) kuya ku-50% uma kufakwa kwizingxenye.
I-tilapia kanye ne-catfish iyanda emnyakeni wonke futhi kufanele ibe ngubukhulu besilinganiso okungenani kathathu ngenkathi yokukhula. Izinhlanzi ezincane zihlukaniswe nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ngegridi yokubeka kanye nezinhlanzi ezinkulu zidluliselwa kwenye idamu noma ithangi. Uma izinhlanzi zingenasayizi omisiwe, izinhlanzi ezinkulu ziyokudla kuqala, zivimbele izinhlanzi ezincane ekudleni okwanele. Lokhu kuzoholela ekutheni izinga lokukhula nobukhulu bezinhlanzi phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezincane nezinkulu zihluka kakhulu, kuchaza uHenk.
I-tilapia ivunwa cishe cishe 250 - 300 g lapho ithengiswa njengenhlanzi lonke. Uma i-tilapia ithengiswa ukuze ihlungwe (inyama yezinhlanzi zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye) isisindo esihle kufanele sibe ngu-0.8 kg - 1 kg.
I-Sharptooth catfish ibuye ibe nenkathi eqhubekayo yokuzala futhi idinga ukuthi ibe usayizi ohlanganisiwe phakathi nempilo yabo yonke. I-Catfish idayiswa kuphela njengezingxenye kanye nesisindo esihle senhlanzi singu-1 kg.
Ukuvunwa kwezomnotho we-carp ehlwanyelwe kunomkhawulo ngenxa yamanani amabi kanye nokubona kwamakhasimende angalungile eNingizimu Afrika.Translated by Nsika Khoza