Ukupha iimfesi ukudla ngenye yezinto eziqakathekileko okutlhogeka kobana uzenze lokha nawufuye iimfesi ngokusebenzisa amanzi amafretjhi. Kumasistimu amanengi wokufuya iimfesi ngokwenza njalo, ukudla kurholela i-60% yendleko zokusebenza. Inzuzo yokufuya iimfesi iya ngokobana ukudla kwazo kutlhogonyelwa kuhle Na, kobana iimfesi zikusebenzisa nanyana zikudla kuhle ukudla kwazo nokobana azikoni.
Kunezinto ezintathu eziqakathekileko ukufanele bona uzitlhogomele:
Ikhwalithi yokudla oyithola lapha ukuthenga khona
Ukobana ukubeka njani
Iindlela ozipha ngayo ukudla
Nange ifesi ithola ukudla okungasingekwe khwalithi ehle. Ingonda nanyana Ife ngebandla lokungondleki. Izokukukhula kwaphela ngemva kobana sele itlhogomeleke kuhle (lokhu kungabala ukusebenza kuhle komzimba okufana nokuphefumula kanye nokukhanjiswa kuhle kwegazi mzimba). Iintlhogekwezi ziyangezeleleka lokha amazinga aphezulu wamanzi angezeleleka ngebanga lokobana ifesi nayo sele imajadu.
Ukungaphi kuhle ifesi amanzi kungarholela ekutheni kulotjwe umkhiqizo otholwa ngokufuywa kwemfesi. Ukuzipha ukudla okunengi kukukona begodu kungarholela ekutheni amanzi abe ngewekhwalithi embi begodu nokobana ulobe umkhiqizo.
Nayi imihlahlandlela embalwa ongayilandela yokutlhogomela kuhle iimfesi kanye nokuzipha ukudla:
Ukubeka Ukudla Kwemfesi
Ungathengi ukudla ukubeke iimveke ezidlula ezine ukuya kwezisithandathu – begodu ungathengi ukudla kwemfesi ukunesikgoro ngebanga lokobana isikgoro singakhiqiza itjhefu ethize engaba yingozi emfesini.
Beka ukudla kwemfesi kumaphaledi endaweni epholileko engena kuhle umoya. Ungakubeki eduze kweboda lapha kungaba nobuswe khona.
Qiniseka bona ilawu lalapha ukubeke khona alinawo amakhondlo kanye nezinye iinunwana ezingakona nanyana zikufakele amagciwani.
Isilinganiso sePheledi Kanye Nesigaba Sokukhula Kwefesi
Ngokobana ifesi sele isesigabeni siphi sepilo. U-Henk Stander, principal technical manager of the Aquaculture Division of Stellenbosch University, utlhadlhule wathi ukudla kwemfesi kuya ngokobana usebenzisa muphi umhlobo wemfesi ozifuya ngokuzibeka emanzini afretjhi begodu kuya nangokobana ifesi inobudala obungangani.
Iimfesi ezincani zitlhoga amaprotheyini amanengi ekudleni kwazo kunalezo ezidala nanyana zimhlobo munye wemfesi. Begodu ukuzipha ukudla okunesilingasi okungasiso kungarholela ekonakaleni kokudla: nange ipheledi iyikulikulu ngeze ifesi yayidla khonokho. Lokha ipheledi nayithambako emanzini, ifesi izothoma ukuyidla ngombana izabe sele incibilika. Lokhu kubangela bona ukudla konakale ngombana okunye kuyaminza kuye ngaphasi kwamanzi edamini begodu okunye kuyancibilika.
Uyipha Ukudla Kangangani
Ungayiphi ukudla okunengi ifesi yakho. Abanye abakhiqizi bokudla kwemfesi banamaprogramu atholakala – online abafuyi bemfesi abangawathola ngokusebenzisa imitjhiningcondo yabo nanyana abomaliledinini babo. Amaprogramu wokupha iimfesi ukudla la ayelelisa ngesilinganiso ekungiso sokudla ongakupha iimfesi qobe lilanga, okuya ngokobana ifesi yikulu kangangani.
Ukwenza isibonelo, emadamini angaphandle ukupha ukudla ifesi yomhlobo i-tilapia enobudisi obuyi-100 – ukuya ku-200 g kutlhogeka kobana uyiphe ukudla okuyi-3 g qobe lilanga, kodwana lokha nasele ikhulileko ihlala ematangeni avalekileko ifesi ngayinye itlhoga kobana uyiphe ukudla okuyi-4,5 g qobe lilanga kutjho u-Henk Stander.
Iindlela Zokupha Ukudla Iimfesi Ezifuywe Emanzini Afretjhi
Ziphe ukudla ngendlela elungileko. Lokhu kufaka hlangana isikhathi sokuzipha ukudla, ukusabalalisa ukudla kwazo emakhejini (nanyana amadamini) nokobana uzipha kayingakhi ukudla.
Qala bona ifesi iziphethe njani ngaphambi, lokha nangemva kokobana uyiphe ukudla begodu uphungule nanyana ungezelele ukudla ngokuya ngokobana iziphethe njani. Ukwenza isibonelo (imfesi ezikulu ezidala) ziphiwa ukudla kabili ukuya kathathu ngelanga lokha iimfesi ezincani ziphiwa kanengi ukudla. Ifesi enye nenye encani iphiwa ukudla kanengi ngama-feeders enziwe ngomtjhini. Qala bona ziziphethe njani begodu uzitlhogomele nange ziziphethe ngokungakajwayeleki, ukwenza isibonelo nayidla kancani kunangaphambili.
Ukungezelela ama-carotene, ekudleni okuyithingo lekosazane, kutlhogeka kobana kwenziwe iimveke eziyi-8 ukuya kweziyi-10 ngaphambi kokobana uhlele ukuzithengisa nanyana lokha ifesi sele inobukhulu obulungele bona ingathengiswa, ukwenza isibonelo, nange ifesi ithengiswa iyi-800 g, ifesi kufanele ithole i-400 g ye-carotene. I-carotene imumethe ama-pigment wentjalo arholela ekutheni zibe nombala opinki nanyana ongalithingo lekosazana.
Lokha amanzi asilaphazekileko khulukhulu ngemva kwalokha nakune izulu,ukudla kwemfesi akusabe kusabonakala kuhle, begodu kutlhogeka kobana ziphiwe ukudla kancanikancani ukuqiniseka kobana zoke iimfesi zithola ukudla kuhle. Zingaphiwa ukudla kancanikancani amahlandla ambalwa ngelanga.
Ungaziphi ukudla lokha nazingadliko begodu thoma ukuzipha ukudla godu lokha nasele zingcono. Isilinganiso sokudla okugade kutlhogeka kobana uziphe kona, singangezelelwa lokha nawuzipha ukudla eskhathini esilandelako ukobana iprogwamu yazo yokudla ingasaleli emva.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana