Ukondla izinhlanzi kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zokulima izinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile (aquaculture). Kulezi zinhlelo eziningi zokulima, ukondla kunomthelela kuma-60% wezindleko zokusebenza. Inzuzo yepulazi lezinhlanzi ixhomeke ekuphatheni okuhle kokudla, ukusetshenziselwa kahle kokudla kwezinhlanzi nokulahlekelwa okuncane.
Kunezici ezintathu ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
Imikhiqizo yokuphakela kubaphakeli
Indawo yesitoreji
Inqubo yokudla
Uma izinhlanzi zithola ukudla okuncane kakhulu noma ukudla okungalungile, kungase kube nesisindo noma kufe ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla. Ukukhula kuyokwenzeka kuphela emva kokudinga kwezinhlanzi (okubandakanya imisebenzi yomzimba njengokuphefumula nokujikeleza kwegazi). Lokhu kudinga ukukhuphuka ngamazinga aphezulu okushisa kwamanzi ngoba umsebenzi wezinhlanzi nawo uyanda.
Ukungena ngaphansi kwezinto kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kokukhiqiza inhlanzi. Ukweqa ngokweqile kungabonakali futhi kungahle kube nomthelela kumgangatho ompofu wamanzi nokulahlekelwa kokukhiqizwa.
Nazi iziqondiso ezimbalwa zokwandisa ukuphathwa kokudla nokudla kwezinhlanzi:
Ukugcina Ukudla KwezinhlanziUkugcina Ukudla Kwezinhlanzi
Ungathengi izimpahla zokuphakelayo kwamaviki angaphezu kwama-4 kuya kwangu-6 futhi ungalokothi uthenge ukudla okubunjiwe njengesikhunta kungabangela ukushisa okuthile okungaba yingozi ukudoba.Gcina izinhlanzi zondla epellet endaweni epholile futhi enomoya omuhle. Hlala kude nezindonga lapho kungenzeka khona umswakama.
Qinisekisa ukuthi igumbi lesitolo alikhululekile ngamagundane nezinye izinambuzane ezingase zingcolise izifo zokudla.
Ukukhula Kwezinhlanzi
Khetha usayizi wezinhlamvu ezifanele kanye nohlobo lokudla ngokusho kwesigaba sokukhula emjikelezweni wokuphila wezinhlanzi. U-Henk Stander, umphathi oyinhloko wezobuchwepheshe we-Aquaculture Division yaseStellenbosch University, uchaza ukuthi ukudla kuqondene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile futhi kuzohluka ngokuvumelana nesikhathi sezinhlanzi.Izinhlanzi ezincane zidinga amaprotheni amaningi ekudleni kwawo kunokwenza izinhlanzi ezinkulu ezinhlobo ezifanayo. Futhi, ukondla usayizi ongalungile wama-pellets kungaholela ekudleni: uma i-pellet inkulu kakhulu ngeke idliwe ngokushesha. Njengoba i-pellet iyancipha emanzini, inhlanzi iyogwedla lapho i-pellet iwa khona. Lokhu kubangela ukuba ukudla kuchitheke njengoba amabhuzu ehla phansi emanzini futhi izakhi ezithile zihlakazeka emanzini.
Singakanani Isondlo Esifanele Sezinhlanzi?
Ungadluli izinhlanzi zakho. Abanye abakhiqizi bezinhlanzi banikeza izinhlelo zokudla nge-intanethi ezidoba abalimi abangakwazi ukufinyelela nge-computer noma smartphone. Lezi zinhlelo zokudla izinhlanzi zeluleka ngesisindo esifanele sokudla okufanele sondliwe nsuku zonke, kuye ngesisindo senhlanzi. Isibonelo, emadamu angaphandle okunisela ukudla i-tilapia ye-100-200 g isisindo idinga u-3 g nsuku zonke, kepha uma ikhulile emathangi ahlanganisiwe inhlanzi ngayinye idinga ama-4,5 g nsuku zonke, kusho uHenk Stander.Izinqubo Zokudla Ekufuyeni Izinhlanzi
Gcina izinqubo zokudla ezifanele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isikhathi sokudla sosuku, i-tempo yokudla, ukusatshalaliswa kokudla emakamelweni (noma idamu) kanye nokuvama kokudla.Qaphela ukuziphatha kwezinhlanzi ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokudla bese ulungisa ukuphakela ngokusho kokuziphatha. Isibonelo, inkulu (inhlanzi endala) idliwa kabili kathathu nsuku zonke ngenkathi izinhlanzi ezincane zondliwa kaningi. Ngisho nezinhlanzi ezincane zondliwa ngokuqhubekayo nabaphakeli bemishini.
Qaphela ukuziphatha futhi wenze okuthile kunoma yikuphi ukusabela okungavamile, isb. inhlanzi idla kancane kunangaphambili.
Uma amanzi ephazamisekile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwemvula enamandla, ukubonakala kwehlisa futhi ukondla kufanele unikezwe kancane kancane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinhlanzi zidla kahle. Inani elincane lingabuye linikezwe izikhathi eziningana phakathi nosuku.
Yeka ukondla lapho ukuphendula kwezinhlanzi kunciphile futhi uqale ukupha futhi uma impendulo ithuthukisa. Izindleko zokudla ezihleliwe ezilahlekile zingahlale zifakwe esikhathini esizayo sokondla ukuletha uhlelo lokudla izinhlanzi kusesikhathini.
Translated by Nsika Khoza