Ukondliwa kweentlanzi yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kufuyo lweentlanzi (aquaculture). Kuninzi lwefama ezinjalo, ukutya kubalelwa kuma 60% endleko zokuqhuba ishishini. Ingeniso yokufuywa kweentlanzi kuxhomekeka kwisondlo esi siso, ukusetyenziswa ngendlela kokutya kunye nelankcitho encinci yokutya.
Zintathu izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifuna ukuqatshelwa:
Umgangatho Wokutya Okuthengayo
Indawo Okugcina kuyo
Nendlela yokutyisa iintlanzi
Ukuba iintlanzi zifumana ukutya okuncinane okanye okungekhosemgangathweni, zisenokuhla esiqwini okanye zife ngenxa yendlala. Ukukhula kuza kubakho kuphela emva kokuba izidingo zeentlanzi ( ez ziquka ukusebenza komzimba okufana nokuphefuma kunye nokuhamba kwegazi) zifezekisiwe. Ezi zidingo ziyakhula kumaqondo obushushu amanzi aphezulu kuba ukuhamba hamba kweentlanzi nako kuyenyuka.
Ukungondliwa ngokwaneleyo kukhokelela kwilahleko yemveliso yentlanzi. Ukuzondla ngokugqithisileyo kuba negalelo lamanzi angekho mgangathweni kunye nelahleko yemveliso.
Nantsi imikhomba ndlela embalwa yokuqinisekisa ulawulo olulo lokondliwa kweentlanzi:
Ukugcinwa Kokutya Kwee Ntlanzi
Musa ukuthenga ukutya okuza kuhlala iiveki ezingaphaya kwesi 4-6 kwaye ungaze uthenge ukutya okunokungunda. Ukungunda kungavelisa izinto ezithile ezinokuthi zibe nobungozi kwiintlanzi.Beka ukutya kwentlanzi kwindawo ebukuphakama emhlabeni kwaye ibe yindawo epholileyo engena umoya ngokwaneleyo. Kubekele kude emadongeni nalapho kuse nokubakho ubumanzi/ukufuma. Qinisekisa ukuba indlu ogcina kuyo ayinampuku nezinye izonakalisi ezinokungcolisa ukutya kweentlanzi zakho.
Umlinganiselo Wee Nkozo kunye Namaxesha Okukhula Kwee Ntlanzi
Khetha umlinganiselo weenkozo ochanekileyo kunye nentlobo yokutya ehambelana nokukhua kobomi bentlanzi. uHenk Stander, principal technical manager we Aquaculture Division we Dyunivesithi yase Stellenbosch, ucacisa ukuba ukutya kweentlanzi kuyashiyana ngokweentlobo ezo zentlanzi ezifuyiweyo kwaye zikwaxhomekeka nasekubeni zindala kangakanani ezo ntlanzi.Iintlanzi ezincinane zidinga iproteni eninzi kwisidlo sazo kunentlanzi ezinkulu, nokuba zintlobo nye nakakade. Ukondla iintlanzi umlinganiselo ongenguwo wenkozo ungakhokelela kwinkcitho: Ukuba iinkozo zinkulu kakhulu, ayizukutyiwa ngoko nangoko ziintlanzi. Njengokuba inkozo iya ithamba emanzini, intlanzi izakuyitya ngokuye iphasalaka. Oku kubangela ilahleko ekutyeni njengoko amasuntswana eza kuzikela emazantsi adama, ze kunyibilikele emanzini.
Ungazityisa Kangakanani Iintlanzi?
Musa ukuzondla ngokugqithisileyo iintlanzi zakho. Abanye abavelisi bokutya kweentlanzi banenkqubo zokutyisa iintlanzi abazipapashayo, nongathi uzifumane kwi khompyutha okanye kwimfono mfono enobuchwephesha be intanethi. Ezinkqubo zokondla iintlanzi zinika iingcebiso mayelana nokumeta ukutya okunika iintlanzi yonke imihla, ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bentlanzi. Umzekelo, kumadama aphandle ukondla uhlobo lwe tilapia enobunzima obulo 100 - 200 g kudinga i 3g yokutya yonke imihla. Kodwa xa zikhuliselwa kuma tanki agqunyiweyo, intlanzi nganye idinga i 4,5 g yokutya mihla le, kutsho uHenk Stander.Imigaqo Yokutya Kufuyo Lweentlanzi/Aquaculture
Gcina imigaqo efanelekileyo yokondla iintlanzi. Oku kuquka ixesha lokutya ngemini, umlinganiselo wokutya, indlela okugalelwa ngayo ukutya kwiikheyiji (okanye kwidama) kunye namatyeli okutyisa iintlanzi.Qwalasela ukuziphatha kweentlanzi ngaphambi, ngethuba nasemva kokuzityisa uze uzityise ngokwendlela ezi ziphatha ngayo. Umzekelo, iintlanzi ezinkulu (ezindala) zityiswa kabini ukuya kwisithathu ngosuku, logama iintlanzi eziselula zityiswa rhoqo. Neentlanzi ezincinane zityiswa rhoqo ngemitshini yokuzityisa. Qwalasela indlela eziziphethe ngayo uze ukhawuleze ukhawulelane nayo nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga eziyenzayo, umzekelo, iintlanzi ezitya kancinci kunakuqala.
Xa amanzi enodaka, ingakumbi emva kweemvula ezinkulu kubanzima kwiintlanzi ukuba zibone kakuhle. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ukutya kweentlanzi kumane kugalelwa kancinci ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iintlanz zitye ngokwaneleyo. Imilinganiselo emincinane isenokugalelwa amatyeli amaninzi ngosuku. Yeka ukuzigalelela ukutya iiintlanzi ukuba azityi kakhulu, uphinde uqalise kwakhona xa ziphinde zatya kakhulu. Imiinganiselo yokutya emiselweyo, neye yaphosakala ingaphinde ibuyiselwe ethubeni ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokondla iintlanzi isemgangathweni.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana