Isitjalo esasisetjenziswa iminyaka neminyaka ngaphambili kokuvinjwa kokusetjenziswa kwaso ngeminyaka yabo 1930s ngonobangela wepilo etjhugulukileko yabantu, imithiya yesitjalo se-hemp namafutha wayo bekayincenye yetjhuguluko labantu. Amatjhila enziwe ngomthiya we-hemp asetjenziswa ekwenzeni ijunifomu yamajoni, amaseyila kunye neentambo zeenkepe zabahloli, amaflarha kunye neencwadi kumakholoni amatjha egade akhona begodu kwenziwa neempahla zabasebenzi bemayini bokuthoma.
Amafutha we-hemp anepilo asetjenziswa ekudleni, ekwenzeni izinto zokuzesa isikhumba kunye nezokuzesa ubuso, begodu amafutha we-hemp amumethe i-CBD esetjenziswa njengesihlahla. I-hemp godu itjalelwa ukukhupha itjhefu ehlabathini, njengencenye yehlelo lokutjhintjhatjhintjha indawo yokutjala ukwenza ipilo yehlabathi ibencono bekukhiqizwe nama-biofuels.
I-hemp isetjenziswa khulu njenge-CBD hemp oil (23%), ukusetjenziswa njengomkhiqizo wokuzinakekela (22%) kulandele ukusetjenziswa kwayo emabubulweni (18%).
I-Hemp Njengetjhila
Imithiya yangaphandle emide, aqinileko yama-stalk we-hemp isetjenziselwa ukukhiqiza amatjhila.
Ngokutjengisa kwe-USA National Hemp Association, isitjalo se-hemp esiqine khulu nomthiya omude khulu ephasini egade usetjenziswa kade ngaphambili kwe-nylon watloliselwa ubunikazi ngo 1937. I-hemp ayiboli begodu ayidabuki. Yayisetjenziselwa ukwenza iinkepe, ijunifomu yamajoni, ukwenza ama-parachute, iikhwama zokufaka iimpahla kunye neentambo.
Amabhurugu webhokadi we-Levis bekenziwe nge-hemp sailcloth enzelwe abasebenzi bemayini yegolide e-California. Eminyakeni yepi yesibili yephasi/-Second World War, amajoni we-US akhuthaza abalimi be-America bona batjale i-hemp ukuze kuzokukhiqizwa iintambo namatjhila egade kungakgonakali bona zithengwe kwezinye iinarha zangaphandle ngonobangela wepi. Muva, ipi nasele iphelile, woke amaphemithi wokukhulisa i-hemp ajanyiswa.
Amatjhila we-hemp aqine ngokuphindaphindwe kathathu kunalayo wekotini begodu angahlanganiswa ne-silk kunye ne-kotini ukwenza amatjhila aphatheka ngokuhlukahlukeneko.
Iphepha Le-Hemp
Iphepha elenziwe nge-hemp alitjhuguluki umbala ubetjheli lokha nalibalidala, liqine khulu ukudlula iphepha elenziwe ngeplanka begodu liyakgona ukugoqeka. Ngokungezelela, ukusebenzisa i-hemp ukwenza amaphepha kunzinzile ukudlula umthiya wamaplanka njengombana ukhula ngeenyanga ezine. Okukukhula msinya khulu ukudla imithi.
I-Hemp Eenkoloyini
Ngo 1941, u-Henry Ford, umsunguli wekampani ye-Ford Motor Company, wenza ikoloyi eyayithola amandla ngokusebenzisa i-hemp nezinye iimbaseli ezibuya eentjalweni, kunye namabhampara enziwe nge-hemp namanye amametheyirali. Ngo 2019, ikampani ekhiqiza iinkoloyi i-Porsche yakhupha i-718 Cayman GT4 Clubsport enomzimba owakhiwe ngomthiya we-hemp kunye neplastiki. I-hemp yasetjenziswa esikhundleni somthiya we-carbon ukuqinisa i-resin yeplastiki.
I-Hemp Kwezepilo
Umsebenzi wamafutha we-hemp CBD njengesihlahla ungebanga lama-antioxidants, i-polyunsaturated fatty acids kunye ne-cannabinoids atholakala phakathi emafutheni akhutjhwa emathuthumbweni, amakarini kunye nesiqwini. Enye yama-cannabinoids amakhulu, i-CBD isetjenziselwa ukususa ukuvuvuka, ubuhlungu beyehlise nokugonyuluka. Amafutha we-hemp akhutjhwa amakhaza embewini anamazinga aphezulu we-poly-unsaturated fatty acids begodu asetjenziswa emafutheni wesaladi nekwenzeni izinto zokutlhogomela isikhumba.
Ukudla Kwe-Hemp
Imbewu ye-hemp isetjenziswa ekudleni kweenlwaneni nekwabantu. Ikhutjhelwa ukukhiqiza amafutha wokwenza isaladi. Ipuphu yembewu ye-hemp (eyenziwe ngamakhekhe wembewu yamafutha ngemva kokukhipha amafutha) izele ngamaphrotheyini anepilo beyisetjenziswa ekubhageni, kuma-smoothies kunye nama-snack bars.
I-Hemp Emabubulweni Wokwakha
Ngaphakathi kwe-stalk se-hemp kunento edege, efana netjhogo ebizwa nge-hurd. Imetheyirali edege lee isetjenziswa emabubukweni wokwakha. Iyasikwa ibeziincephuncephu, i-hemp hurd ivanganiswe ne-agent ehlanganisako. Umvango lo usetjenziswa ukwenza iintina namatjhidi- asetjenziswa njenge-insulative kumetheyirali wokwakha.
I-industrial hemp oil mafutha alula afanele ukusetjenziswa ukupenda amaplanka. Ingabuye godu isetjenziswe emapendeni, emafutheni wemitjhini, kunye ne-inkini. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwemikhiqizo yaveza bona amafutha we-hemp adlula imikhiqizo yamafutha enziwe ngamafutha we-petroleum-based polymer begodu amumethe namazinga aphasi wama-compounds ayitjhefu.
Imikhiqizo Ye-Hemp eSewula Afrika
Imikhiqizo ye-hemp eSewula Afrika ithengwa eenarheni zangaphandle. Amatjhila akhiqizwa e-China. Imikhiqizo ye-CBD ithengwa enarheni ye-USA. Imbewu enepilo isuka e-Germany. Amafutha we-hemp anepilo athengwa enarheni ye-Canada, bese kuthi imetheyirali yokwakha ithengwe e-United Kingdom.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana