Ama-strubheri ayincenye yomndeni wama-rose. Incenye edlekako yestjalwesi ngile eduze nethuthumbo, lokha imbewu ezele ebherini le, ebizwa bona ma-achenes, ma-ovari. Imbewu ngayinye, iyisthelo.
Imvelaphi yebizwelini ayaziwa ayikaqinisekwa. Abanye bathi itjho umurhwa westjalo wokurhatjheka, nanyana nendlela esisabalala ngayo lapha sitjawe khona. Abanye baqabanga bona itjho i-straw ekhabe sithengiswa eminyaka eminengi eyadlulako nanyana i-mulch yalapha kukhiqizwa khona amastrubheri.
Istrubheri sele sisetjenziselwe ukwenza iinhlanhla bahlali be-Roma bakade kusukela kade ngeminyaka yabo-230 BC, ukwelapha nanyana yini ama-kidney stones. Ngeskhathi sakade khabe sibonwa njenge-aphrodiasic kanye nephawu lethando ngebanga lokobana akheke njengehliziyo kanye nombalawo obomvu. Ukubumbeka kwestrubheri, ngeskhathesi, gade kuvamise kobana amastrubheri abekwe ema-altherini kanye phezulu esontweni kanye nemaphileni we-cathedral ukutjengisa kobana alungile
Njengokobana u-David Trinklein we-University ye Missouri, umuntu oqakathekileko ekhotho ka-Napoloen – u-Madame Tallien, kade adume ngokobana uhlamba ngawo ama-strubheri. Bathi gade asebenzisa amakhilogramu amasumi, qobe ibhadi.
Abantu abanzima be-America gade sevele badla amastrubheri lokha nakufika ama-colonist. Ukutjalwa kwawo kwathoma ngeskhathi se-renaissance e-Europe, kodwana inarha ye-United States ngiyo eyatlama kokuthoma i-hybrid ngonyaka ka-1780.
Imikhiqizo Yentjhabatjhaba
I-China yinarha ekhamba phambili ngokukhiqiza amastrubheri ephasini loke, begodu ikhiqiza umkhiqizo odlula i-40%, ngokuya ngokwe-Tridge. Inarha ye-United States ngeyesibili ekhamba phambili ngokukhiqiza iinthelwezi ikhiqiza i-15%, ilandelwe yi-Mexico, Spain, Turkey kanye ne-Egypt, ekhiqiza umkhiqizo oyi-4 kuya ku-5% sele uphelele.
I-Spain ngiso esikhamba phambili ngokuthumela iinthelwezi kwezinye iinarha begodu sithumela i-23% yomkhiqizo opheleleko, kube yi-18% enarheni ye-Netherlands nalapha kuyi-10.2%.
Inarha ekhamba phambili ngokurhweba ngeentwelezi yi-United States, ethumela i-20% yenthelwezi, ilandelwe yinarha ye-Canada, ethumela i-13% kanye nenarha yeJalimani, ethumela i-10% kanye neye-United Kingdom, ethumela i-8%.
Umkhiqizo Wenarha
Umhlobo wokuthoma westrubheri khabe sevele ulethwe ngenarheni yeSewula Africa ngonyaka ka-1656. Ihlangano ye-South African Strawberry Growers Association eyatlanywa ngonyaka ka-1972 ukunikeza abatjali ithuba lokobana balungise iindaba ezithize ezizokuletha inzuzo emalungeni wayo.
Umkhiqizo sele ukhuphukile eSewula Africa eminyakeni elisumi edlulileko ngebanga lokobana afunwa khulu, kodwana nanyana kunjalo kuyabiza begodu kufuna abasebenzi abanengi, abe ekurholela ekobaneni kube nabakhiqizo abayi-12 emkhiqizweni woke oyi-90%.
Umkhiqizo
Amastrubheri aba mahle endaweni emakhaza ebusika kanye nengatjhisi khulu ehlobo, begodu athanda indawo engabambi ihlabathi. Amastrubheri amanengi weSewula Africa akhiqizwa endaweni ye-Brits - edorobheni leKapa, e-George, Paarl kanye ne-Stellenbosch esifundeni sange-Western Cape.
Pheze incenye yama-strawberry ikhiqizwa ngaphandle, lokha amanengi wawo atjalwa ngokuvikelwa. Lokhu akurhelebhi kwaphela kobana angonakali kodwana kwenza bona athele iskhathi eside, begodu nokobana abe nekhwalithi ehle. Ukuwatjala ngaphasi kwevikeleko kukhuphula umkhiqizo.
Iskhathi Sokukhiqiza
Okuya ngomhlobo wesifunda eskhiqiwa kiwo, amastrubheri atjalwa kusukela ngoMarch ukuya ngo-April avunwe kusukela nogoMgwengweni ukuya ngoNobayeni eSewula Africa.
Imihlobo Yawo
Imihlobo ejwayeleke khulu ngewalokha kuhlanganiswe imihlobo emibili wenthelwezi westrubheri somhlobo we-Virginia, ekungeyendabuko yenarha ye-North America kanye nomhlobo we-Chilean. Imihlobo yestrubheri itjalwa eSewula Africa, lapha imetheriyali enengi yentjalo ingaphasi kwamalungelo wabatjali bazo, okutjho bona ngibo bodwa abathola imetheriyali wentjalo.
Imihlobo yayo mihlobo ehlangana nendawo yemini nanyana yelanga elifitjhani. Imihlobo yethuthumbo oyi-day neutral uzijamele, lokha we-short day utlhoga inani elithize lelanga lemini ukobana lithuthumbe. Avamise ukuthuthumba lokha nakuyitwasahlobo.
Ukuwathengisa
Pheze incenye yamastrubheri weSewula Africa, athengiswa afretjhi enarheni le. Amanye wawo asalako asiwe kwezinye iinarha ze-Africa, ezifana neSwazini, Namibia kanye ne-Mauritius nanyana e-Mozambique, ukuya eenarheni ezisepumalanga ezifana ne-United Arabian Emirates, Qatar and Kuwait.
Ukusetjenziswa Kwawo
Amastrubheri abonwa kukukudla okwakha umzimba ngombana azele amavithamini, amaminerali, imithiya kanye nama-antioxidant. Istrubheri sizele ne-Omega 3.
Amastrubheri, angadliwa ahlaza, asetjenziswe emasaladini, ekubhageni kanye naku-yoghurt nanyana kwenziwe ngawo ijemu, iinselo nanyana isirabhu.
Isthelwesi kanye namakari waso zisetjenziselwa ukwelapha amalwelwe amanengi, ekusukela kwafana ne-arthritis ukuya emgomaneni, amathumbi kanye nezinso kanye namanye amalwelwe ukufika ekuhlwengiseni igazi kanye ne-anaemia. Angasetjenziselwa nokwelapha ikhwekwe.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana