Ti strawberries tiva xiphemu xa ndyangu wa rose. Xiphemu lexi dyekaka xa ximilani lexi xikula kusuka eka bilomu, loko mbewu leyi vonakaka yi endlaka thonsi eka nhlonge ya muhandzu lowu, leswi vuriwaka achenes, iti ovaries. Mbewu yin’wana na yin’wana, kahle kahle i muhandzu.
Ntumbuluko wa vito leri awu tiveki. Van’wana very rivula maendlelo ya muhandzu lowu waku nava, hindlela leyi yiti ndlalaka hikona eka ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi. Van’wana va ehleketa leswaku swivula tinhu leti khale ati xavisiwa tiri eka tona e England kumbe swirhabyani leswi mihandzu leyi yikumekaka eka yona.
Ti strawberries ati tirhisiwa hikwalaho ka xikongomelo xa vutshunguri hi khale ka va Roma kuya kwalomuya ka va 230 BC, kutshungula xin’wana na xin’wana kusuka eka melancholy kuya eka ti kidney stones. Himinkarhi yati mediaeval, ati voniwa ti pfuneta swinene eka swa masangu xikan’we nakuva xikombiso xa rirhandzu hikwalaho ka xivumbeko xayona xa mbilu na muhlovo wotshuka. Xivumbeko xati strawberry, hinkarhi lowu, ati tirhisiwa eka ti altara xikan’we nale henhla ka tikereke nati cathedral pillars kukombisa kululama naku pfumala xihoxo.
Tani hileswi swivuriwaka hi David Trinklein wa University ya Missouri, munhu wa xiyimo e khoto ya Napoleon - Madame Tallien, ari na ndhuma yaku hlamba hiti strawberries. Ku hleketeleriwa leswaku a tirhisa kwalomu ka khume rati kilogram wati strawberries loko a hlamba.
Vaaki vale Amerika akuri khale varikarhi vadya ti strawberries loko kuta fika vakoloni. Kurimiwa swisungule hinkarhi wa Renaissance e Europe, kambe United States yi tumbuluxe muxaka wosungula wokatsiwa hi 1780.
Vuhumelerisi Byale Ndzhandzheni
China i tiko leri fambaka emahlweni hi vuhumelerisi byati strawberry emisaveni hinkwayo, laha ringana kwalomu ka kutlula 40% wa vuhumelerisi, kuya hi Tridge, laha kukumekaka vuxokoxoko bya misava hinkwayo. Tiko ra United States i ravumbirhi hi vuhumelerisi laha ringana kwalomu ka 15%, kulandzela Mexico, Spain, Turkey na Egypt, laha rin’we ringana 4 kuya eka 5% wa vuhumelerisi byo helela.
Spain i muxavisi nkulu ku xavisela matiko mambe, laha ringana 23% wa vuxavisi hinkwabyo, ku landzela Mexico, leringana 22%, United States, ringana 18% na Netherlands, leringana 10.2%.
Muxavisi nkulu a xavisela matiko mambe i United States, leringana kutlula 20% wa vuxavisi bya matiko mambe, kulandzela Canada, leringana 13% na Germany, leringana 10% nale United Kingdom, leringana 8%.
Vuhumelerisi Bya Laha Kaya
Muxaka wosungula wati strawberry ati tisiwe khale e Afrika Dzonga hi lembe ra 1656. Nhlangano wa South African Strawberry Growers Association wu tumbuluxiwe hi lembe ra 1972 ku avela varimi hi ndzhawu leyi swilo swokarhi swi lulamisiwaka kona leswaku swita vuyerisa swirho.
Vuhumelerisi byi tlakukile hi ndlela ya xiyimo xale henhla e Afrika Dzonga eka khume ra malembe lawa ya hundzeke hikokwalaho ka kutlakuka ka swilaveko, kambe hambi swiritano ku durha naku tika ka ntirho swiendle leswaku kuva na 12 wa vahumelerisi lava vahumelerisaka kwalomu ka 90% wa vuhumelerisi hinkwabyo.
Vuhumelerisi
Ti strawberries tihanya kahle swinene eka tindzhawu letingana xixika lexi tiitmelaka xikan’we na ximumu xale xikarhi xikan’we naku kula kahle eka misava leyi yitswongaka kahle mati leyingana nhlayo yale henhla ya organic matter. Ti strawberries totala ta Afrika Dzonga tihumelerisiwa e Brits – doroba leringa e Free State, e George, Paarl nale Stellenbosch e Western Cape.
Kwalomu ka hafu yati strawberries tihumelerisiwa ehandle, loko letin’wana ti humelerisiwa ehansi ka nsirhelelo. Leswi aswi pfuneti ntsena ku sirhelela swibyariwa leswi swa nkoka eka swilo swa mbango kambe switlhela swi lehisa nguva ya vuhumelerisi xikan’we naku antswisa khwalithi yati berry. Ku byala ehansi ka nsirhelelo hambiswiritano switlakuse swinene tihakelo ta vuhumelerisi.
Nguva Ya Vuhumelerisi
Kuya hi muxaka na ndzhawu ya vuhumelerisi, ti strawberries ti byariwa kusuka hi March kuya eka April naswona titshoveriwa kusuka hi June kuya eka December e Afrika Dzonga.
Tinxaka Nxaka
Tinxaka totala ta ntolovelo hileti katsiweke tale nhoveni ta Virginia strawberry, leti ekaya ka tona kunga e North America na muxaka wa Chilean. Tinxaka tohambana hambana tati strawberries tibyariwa e Afrika Dzonga, laha swimilani swotala swinga ehansi ka timfanelo ta murimi, leswi vulaka leswaku varimi vafanele ku hakela timali vahakelela swibyariwa kumbe vava ehansi ka ntlawa wa vabyari kuva vakuma swimilani.
Tinxaka leti swinga endla tiri exikarhi ka siku kumbe swimilani swa siku rokoma. Tinxaka tale xikarhi ka siku mabilomu yatona yaya kuya hiku leha ka siku, loko leswi milaka laha siku ringa koma swilava nhlayo yokarhi ya miseve ya dyambu kuva yi humesa mabilomu. Hi xitalo ya humesa mabilomu hi ximun’wani kumbe loko kuna mpfula.
Vuxavisi
Kwalomu ka hafu yati strawberries tixaviseriwa laha kaya tikarhi ti tsakama. Leti salaka ti lulamisiwa ku endla swin’wana kumbe tixaviseriwa matiko yan’wana ya Afrika kufana na Swaziland, Namibia, Mauritius na Mozambique, kumbe kuya ematikweni yale Middle East, kufana na United Arabian Emirates, Qatar na Kuwait.
Switirhisiwa
Ti strawberries titekiwa tani hi swakudya swakahle hikwalaho ka leswi tinga e henhla hiti vitamin, ti mineral, fibre nati antioxidant. Mbewu yati strawberry nayona yi fuwile hi Omega 3.
Ti strawberries tinga dyiwa titetano, titirhisiwa eka ti salad, ku baka nati yoghurt kumbe ti endla jamu, confiture, swon’wa kumbe syrup.
Muhandzu na matluka switirhisiwa ku tshungula mavabyi yohambana hambana, kusuka eka arthritis kuya eka fever, marhumbu na mavabyi yatinsu kuya eka ku basisa ngati na anaemia. Tinga tlhela titirhisiwa kutshungula swirhumbani.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni