Umquba wenza isisekelo sokulima amakhowe. Ukwakheka kanye nekhwalithi yomquba kuzothinta ikhwalithi kanye nesivuno sesitshalo sekhowe. Kubalulekile ukuthi ikhwalithi yomquba ibe engaguquki, noma kunjalo, ukukhiqiza umquba wekhowa osezingeni eliphezulu kuyinselele futhi kudinga ikhono.
E-Ningizimu Afrika, iningi labalimi amakhowe bakhiqiza umquba wabo. E-Yurophu nakwamanye amazwe, izikhungo ezinkulu ezikhethekile zakha umquba ngokuqondile kubalimi be-mushroom abathengisayo.
Ungawenza Kanjani Umquba Wekhowa
Umquba wekhwalithi omuhle ubalulekile kumjikelezo okhulayo wamakhowe futhi kufanele ube nezithako ezifanele futhi uphathwe kahle kusukela ekuqaleni. Kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka zama-compost nokuhlela umanyolo ngokususelwa kwizakhiwo ezitholakala epulazini ngalinye. Ngezansi kunesibonelo esisodwa.
E-Ningizimu Afrika, umquba wamakhowa wenziwa ngotshani kakolweni, umquba wenkukhu namanzi. I-Gypsum nayo iyengezwa ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka, i-buffers ye-pH futhi isize ukukhishwa kwe-ammonia kumquba.
Ifomula ejwayelekile i-1 000 kg utshani (okuqukethwe umswakama 15%), udoti wenkukhu wezinkukhu ezingama-800 kg (umswakama 40%, i-nitrogen 4%) ne-85 kg gypsum.
Amabhele okuluhlaza amanzi kahle izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha, bese ephuka futhi exutshwe nomquba othile. Ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kube yimisinga yomoya futhi kugxilwe izinsuku ezimbalwa, wonke umquba uyangezwa.
Inqubo yokwenza umquba ifaka inqubo yokuxuba izithako, ukuyixilisa nokuyinisela ukuze inqubo iqale. (Inqubo yokuvuselela ivimbela ama-malodours we-anaerobic). Njengoba inqubo yokubumba iqhubeka, izinga lokushisa liqala ukwanda futhi lifike ku-70℃.
Ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu, umquba ufakwa emzimbeni futhi phakathi nale nqubo, i-nitrogen iguqulwa ibe yiprotheni esebenza njengomthombo wokudla kwezinhlama zamakhowe zikhule kuwo.
Lapho umquba wekhowe usulungile, ugcwaliswa emashalofini noma ezikhwameni ngaphambi kokufakwa yi-mushroom spawn.
Umquba Wamakhowe we-Spent
Ngemuva kokuvunwa, igumbi elikhulayo ligxotshwa umusi bese kuthi umgquba osetshenzisiwe ususwe epulazini. Umquba weSpent uyimbumba edumile yokutshala ingadi kodwa kuyanconywa ukuyifaka umquba ngaphezulu ukuze izinto ezingazinzile zingadilizwa. Umquba wekhowe ungangeza into e-organic enhlabathini ukwandisa umthamo wamanzi futhi unikeze nezinto ezingamagciwane omhlabathi ukudla kuwo. Lokhu kuzokhipha izakhamzimba ezivaleleke kumquba.
Translated by Nsika Khoza