Ukulima amadada kwinyama kuyimakethe eNiche eSouth Africa enamapulazi amancane amancane akhululeka ahlinzeka ngokudla, abanye abathengisi, izimakethe zabalimi, futhi ngqo emphakathini.
Kodwa-ke, iningi lamadada inyama edliwe eNingizimu Afrika ingeniswa kusuka eThailand, eHungary, eChina naseBrazil. Lokhu kungeniswa, noma kushibhile kunenyama yedada laseNingizimu Afrika, akubhekwa njengekhwalithi efanayo neyamadada asemahhala akhulayo futhi anikezwa ngabalimi bamadada baseNingizimu Afrika.
Amadada nawo aphekelwa amaqanda, phansi nezimpaphe kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-foie gras - lawo mafutha akhuluphele amadada afakwe amandla (ikakhulukazi) namahansi. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-foie gras akukho emthethweni eNingizimu Afrika kepha ukungenisa akukhona.
Abakhiqizi Benyama Yenyama Yedada Emhlabeni Jikelele
Inqwaba yenyama yedada (engaphezu kwama-80%) ikhiqizwa e-Asia, neChina njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wenyama yedada emhlabeni. I-China, nokho, ingenisa okwesithathu ngobukhulu inyama yedada. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-China ingumthengi wayo okhiqiza inyama yedada.
Abangenisi abaphezulu kakhulu be-3 benyama yenyama yedada yiSaudi-Arabia, iJalimane neFrance. I-Afrika ikhiqiza cishe i-2% yenyama yedada lomhlaba, futhi abakhiqizi abaphawulekile babe yiGibhithe neMadagascar.
Izinhlobo Zamadada
Izinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamadada ekukhiqizeni inyama yiPekin, Muscovy, Aylesbury neRouen.
Idada lasePekin, eliqhamuka eChina, liyidada elimhlophe elinomthetho okhanyayo owolintshi nomuntu oqondile. Ikhula kancane kancane kune-Aylesbury kepha iluhlobo lwezinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwenyama emhlabeni wonke, kubandakanya neNingizimu Afrika. Amadada we-Pekin anzima futhi anamandla ngokomnotho ukukhulisa i-Aylesbury. I-Pekin ibekela amaqanda angaba ngu-160 ngonyaka futhi ingasetshenziswa njengohlobo lwezinhloso eziningi - lokukhiqiza amaqanda nenyama (i-'Peking 'igama lesitsha esidumile).
Idada elikhulu le-Aylesbury elivela eNgilandi linomzimba omude, obanzi futhi ojulile onenkokhelo ekhanyayo ne-pink. Ngaphambili ibizwa nge-'White English' i-Aylesbury yenzelwe inyama yayo emhlophe nomhlophe phansi. Inyama yedada le-Aylesbury ayingcoliswanga ngenxa yawo wonke umzimba onamhlophe. I-Aylesbury inyoni yenyama edumile engabekela amaqanda angaba ngu-110 ngonyaka.
I-Muscovy (ebizwa nangokuthi yiBarbary duck) yidada elivela eSouth America futhi libonisa ukuguqulwa kokudla okuphambili enyameni. I-Muscovy inezimpaphe ezimhlophe nezimnyama / grey ezinokukhanya i-red crest izungeze amehlo abo ne-bill. Lawa madada angabadali abahle, hhayi anomsindo omningi, awuthambekele ezifweni futhi izinhlobo ezizalanayo zivumelana kahle nezimo ezibandayo. I-Muscovy ibekela amaqanda afinyelela ku-100 ngonyaka.
Idada elihle laseRouen liqhamuka eFrance futhi lifana neMallard noma duck yasendle ngokubukeka kwayo, umzimba ompunga kanye nombala oluhlaza okotshani emuva nentamo. Izikweletu zamadada amaRouen zibanzi futhi ziwolintshi ezinamabala amnyama. Lawa madada amakhulu anomzimba wesikwele futhi angabadali abahle, kodwa abatshali abahamba kancane. Zingazalela amaqanda afinyelela ku-100 ngonyaka.
Amadada amadombolo asetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwenyama namafutha esibindi (foie gras). IMule isiphambano esine-duck yaseMoscovy nezinye izinhlobo zamadada ukukhiqiza idada elingaxelwanga. Idada led Mule likhiqiza inyama ebusayo futhi iyathandeka emibuthanweni eyazi kahle impilo.
Ama-Runner amaNdiya namaKhaki Campbells ayizingxenye eziningi zamaqanda futhi avame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kweqanda ledada.
Kuyini I-Peking Duck
I-'Peking duck 'yigama lohlobo lwedada elisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwenyama, kuyilapho elithi' Peking duck 'igama lesitsha sobuchopho.
Idada le-peking lenziwa ngokupompa umoya phakathi kwesikhumba nenyama ngaphambi kokupheka. Idayi liyabe ligayiwe bese isikhumba nenyama ebunjiwe sikhonzwa ngokwahlukana. Inyama edayiwe ihanjiswa nge-hoisin sauce bese idonswa nge-anyanisi yasentwasahlobo kuma-pancake amancanyana.
Translated by Nsika Khoza