Encwadini yakhe, i-Psychedelics Encyclopedia, uPeter Stafford uthi ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi okungenani kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezitshalo zeCannabis ezihlukile komunye nomunye emkhakheni wokukhula, imbewu, isitashi ne-resin (cannabinoid).
Izinhlobo zeHemp neCannabis
I-Cannabis sativa L. iyi-subspecies ye-cannabis eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-hemp. Izinhlobo zinokuqukethwe kwe-THC okungaphansi kwama-0.3%. I-Hemp ifomu le-cannabis elinga-psychoactive. Le nhlobo yatholakala eChina futhi yahlukaniswa ngo-1753 njengeCannabis sativa Linnaeus, eqanjwe ngoCarl Linnaeus, uchwepheshe wezitshalo waseSweden. Le nhlobo ikhiqiza imicu eqinile, ingakhula ibe yi-5m mude futhi ilungele kakhulu imbewu ye-hemp nokukhiqizwa kwefayibre.
I-Cannabis indica Lamarck yisitshalo esisheshayo se-bushier esinomkhuba wokukhula onobuhlakani futhi ayifanele ukukhiqizwa kwe-fibre. I-Cannabis indica noma insangu inezinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-psychoactive resin tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) ngokugxila kwe-THC okungu-18% kuya ku-38%.
Uhlobo lwesithathu, iCannabis ruderalis yahlonzwa ngonyaka ka 1924 eSiberia lapho ikhula khona endle. Lolu hlobo, olukhula lube ngaphezu kwama-60 cm ubude, lunokugula okuncane kwengqondo nokukhula kungakapheli amasonto ayi-7. Imbewu kaC ruderalis yayisetshenziswa emicikilweni yomngcwabo kusukela ngaphambi kuka-450 B.C.
Uhlobo lweC sativa-uhlobo lwaluqale ukusakazekela emhlabeni wonke, mhlawumbe ngenxa yemicu yalo ewusizo nembewu edliwayo.
Izinhlobo zeHemp
I-University of Kentucky's College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Cooperative Extension Service yeluleka abalimi be-hemp ukuthi bacwaninge ngezinhlobo ze-hemp ngokuhambisana nengxenye yesitshalo se-hemp abahlose ukuyivuna. Izakhi zingaba yimicu yezindwangu kanye nezinto zokwakha, imbewu ye-hemp yokukhiqiza uwoyela noma izingxenye zemifino yokukhiqiza uwoyela we-CBD. Badinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingafakazelwa ukuthi zenziwe ngalezi zinhlelo.
Imicu ye-hemp ende ende engaphandle kwesiqu se-hemp isetshenziselwa izingqimba, ukuqinisa, izindwangu, uginindela nephepha. Le micu yangaphandle eqinile iboshelwa esiqwini sangaphakathi nge-pectin, i-carbohydrate encibilikayo.
Umgogodla ofana nokhuni we-hemp stalk (hurd) usetshenziselwa izinto zokwakha, i-biofuel, imibhede yezilwane ne-mulch. Ngenkathi imbewu ye-hemp ikhiqiza owoyela abanamaphrotheni amaningi nefulawa yamaprotheni e-hemp. Izimbali namaqabunga asetshenziselwa ukukhipha uwoyela we-cannabinoid CBD-ocebile wezicelo zokwelapha nezempilo.
Izinhlobo ezithile ze-hemp yezimboni zisetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ekhethekile yokuphela; imbewu ye-hemp, i-fibre ne-dual-injongo ekhiqiza kokubili i-fibre nembewu. Ama-Hemp-injongo amabili awakhiqizi kangako noma ngekhwalithi efanayo yokutshala i-hemp enhloso eyodwa.
Translated by Nsika Khoza