Eka buku yakwe, Psychedelics Encyclopedia, Peter Stafford u hlamusela leswaku vativi votala vapfumelelana leswaku kuna tinxaka tinharhu ta ximilani xa Cannabis lexi hambanaka hi makulelo, mbewu, rinhu xikan’we na vukona bya resin.
Tinxaka Nxaka Ta Hemp Na Cannabis
Cannabis sativa L. i muxaka wa cannabis lowu tivekaka tani hi hemp. Tinxaka leti tina nhlayo ya THC leyinga ehansi ka 0.3%. Hemp i xivumbeko xa non-psychoactive xa cannabis. Tinxaka leti tikumekile e tikweni ra China naswona tivekiwa eka mintlawa hi 1753 tani hi Cannabis sativa Linnaeus, leyi thyiweke vito endzhaku ka Carl Linnaeus, mutivi wa mabilomu wale Sweden. Tinxaka leti tihumesa ti fibre to leha totiya, tinga kula kuya fika eka 5m hiku leha naswona tilulamerile swinene eka mbewu ya hemp na vuhumelerisi bya fibre.
Cannabis indica Lamarck i ximilani xokoma lexi tlhumaka xingana makulelo ya conical naswona axilulamelangi ku humelerisa fibre. Cannabis indica kumbe marijuana yina nhlayo yale henhla swinene ya psychoactive resin tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) na THC leyinga exikarhi ka 18% kuya eka 38%.
Muxaka wavunharhu, Cannabis ruderalis wukumekile hi lembe ra 1924 e Siberia laha wumilaka enhoveni. Muxaka lowu, lowukulaka kutlula nyana 60 cm hiku leha, wuna psychoactivity yintsongo naswona wukula hi nkombo wa mavhiki 7. Mbewu ya C. ruderalis wayi tirhisiwa eminkosini eka malembe yava 450 B.C.
Muxaka wa C. sativa awuri wosungula ku hangalaka na misava hinkwayo, ngopfu ngopfu hikwalaho ka kutirhisiwa ka fibre ya yona na mbewu leyi dyiwaka.
Tinxaka Ta Hemp
Kholichi ya swavurimi ya University ya Kentucky, Food and Environment Cooperative Extension Service vatsundzuxa varimi ku endla vulavisisi eka tinxaka nxaka ta hemp kuya hi xivumbeko xa ximilani xa hemp lexi va kunguhataka ku xitshovela. SWivumbeko kungava fibre ya swa vumaki bya swiambalo kumbe swoaka, mbewu ya hemp leyi humelerisaka mafurha kumbe swiphemu swin’wana swa ximilani lexi lexi humelerisaka mafurha ya CBD. Vafanele ku hlawula muxaka lowunga tiyisisiwa leswaku wutirha kahle eka leswi valavaka ku swifikelela.
Ti hemp fibre leto leha leti kumekaka eka rinhu ra hemp titirhisiwa eka ti composites, reinforcements, textiles, pulp na maphepha. Ti fibre leti to tiya tale handle tikhomanile endzeni ka rinhu na pectin, leyinga carbohydrate leyi n’okaka.
Rinhu leri ra xivumbeko xa rimhandzi ra hemp (hurd) ritirhisiwa eka swoaka, mafurha ya swofamba, swondlaleka swifuwo xikan’we naswo ndlalela laha kungana swimilani. Loko mbewu ya hemp yiri ehenhla swinene hi mafurha yati protein na hemp protein flour. Mabilomu na matluka switirhisiwa ku humesa cannabinoid CBD-mafurha lawa yanga ya vutshunguri na rihanyo.
Switirhisiwa swokarhi swa hemp ya swavumaki swatirhisiwa eka vuhumelerisi bya switirhisiwa swokarhi; mbewu ya hemp, fibre nakuhumelerisiwa ka swikongomelo swimburhi kunga fibre na mbewu. Switirhisiwa swa hemp leswingana swikongomelo swimbirhi aswi humelerisi khwalithi leyi fanaka na tinxaka ta hemp letingana xikongomelo xin’we.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni