Kha hei bugu, Psychedelics Encyclopedia, Vho-Peter Stafford vho do amba zwauri vhunzhi ha vhadivhi vha ya tendelana uri huna tshaka dzine dza swika tharu dza zwimela zwa Cannabis zwine zwa fhambana nga kuhulele kwazwo, mbeu, thanda na resin (cannabinoid).
Tshaka Dza Hemp Na Cannabis
Cannabis sativa L. ndi lunwe lwa lushaka lwa cannabis lunelwa divhea sa hemp. Tshaka dzina zwithu zwa THC zwine zwa vha fhasi ha 0.3%. Hemp a i kambi muhumbulo cannabis. Lushaka holu lwo tumbuliwa China lwa thoma u vhonala nga vho 1753 sa Cannabis sativa Linnaeus, yo riniwa dzina hu tshi khou tevheliwa vho Carl Linnaeus, mutavhi muhulwane wa miri wa Swedish. Holu lushaka lubveledza dzi fibre dzine dza vha uri dzo khwatha, dzine dza nga hula u swika kha 5m nga u lapfa na hone zwi vha zwi tshi khou tendelana na mbeu ya hemp na u bveledziwa ha dzi fibre.
Cannabis indica Lamarck ndi pfufhi ya vha yo ita tshitaka, ya hula i tshi khou khwatha nntha nahone a i koni u bveledza dzi fibre. Cannabis indica kana mbanzhe ina tshikalo tshihulwane tsha u kona u kwama muhumbulo wa muthu tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) na THC zwine zwa vha zwi tshi khou swika 18% uya kha 38%.
Lushaka lwa vhuraru, Cannabis ruderalis lwo tumbuliwa nga 1924 Siberia hune ya hula yanga daka. Holu lushaka lune lu ya hula u swika kha 60cm nga u lapfa ina u kwama muhumbuo zwituku nahone i hula nga murahu ha vhege dza sumbe. Mbeu ya C. ruderalis yo vha i tshi shumiswa hu tshi khou itwa zwa dzi mbulungo nga vho 450 B.C.
C. sativa-yo thoma u padalala na lothe shango nga mulandu wa uvha na dzi fibre dzine dza vha uri dzi na mushumo na mbeu ine ya vha uri iya liwa.
Tshaka Dza Hemp
Vha gudedzi la Kentucky’s College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Cooperative Extension Service vha tutuwedza vhatavhi vha hemp uri vha fanela u thoma vha ita dzi thoduluso nga ha hemp ine ya vha uri vha khou toda u itavha musi vho sedza uri ndi zwifhio zwine vha khou toda uvha nazwo nga murahu ha u kana. Zwa ndeme hu nga vha dzi fibre dza textile na zwishumiswa zwa u fhata, mbeu ya hemp u tshi khou itela u bveledza mapfura kana zwa u ita mapfura a CBD. Vha fanela u nanga tshaka dzine dza divhea uri dzi ya shuma kha zwine vha khou toda u swikelela.
Ine ya vha ndapfu ya kale kale ine ya vha nga nnda ha thanda ya hemp i shuma kha dzi composites, reinforcements, textiles, pulp na mabammbiri. Hezwi zwine zwa vha zwo khwatha zwa nga nnda ha fibre zwi vha zwo tumana na zwa nga ngomu zwa pectin, soluble carbohydrate.
Thanda ivha i tshi tou nga mbilu ya hemp iya shuma kha u ita zwithu zwa u fhata, biofuel, ha u lala ha zwifuwo na mulch. Ngeno mbeu ya hemp i tshi vha na protein ine ya vha khulwane na hemp ya fulauru. Maluvha na matari zwi ya shuma kha u bviswa ha dzi cannabinoid CBD-mapfura o pfumaho kha zwa u lafha na zwa u thusa kha mutakalo.
Hu di vha na zwinwe zwa hemp zwine zwa shuma vhukuma kha ndowetshumo u ita zwi nwe zwa zwibveledzwa u fana na mbeu ya hemp, fibre na dual-purpose ine ya bveledza zwothe fibre na mbeu. Hemp dual-purpose a i tou bveledza vho zwithu zwinzhi kana zwa maimo mathihi na single-purpose hemp.
Translated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe