Iplamu Emuncu njengeMithi Yokwelapha

© Bernard Dupont
Iplamu emuncu enkulu ye-Ximenia caffra ngumuthi omncane noma isihlahlana esinezithelo ezidliwayo ezibombvu kanye nemisebenzi eminingi yesintu. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengesikrini somngcele engadini ukuze kuhehe izinyoni ezidla izithelo, zingakhula zibe amamitha ayisithupha ubude namagatsha amancane. Umuthi ubizwa nangokuthi iplamu yasendle noma yenkawu.
Iplamu emuncu ikhula emahlathini, nasemadwaleni futhi ikhula nakundunduma yomuhlwa. ENingizimu Afrika lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zikhula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho naphakathi kweLimpopo (var. Caffra) naseMpumalanga, eLimpopo naKwaZulu-Natali (var. Natalensis).

Izingxenye eziningi zesitshalo ziyasetshenziswa. Imithi evela emaqabungeni isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza amehlo, amathonsela nokuqeda izinto eziphila ngokudla umzimba. Amaqabunga asampushana asetshenziselwa ukwelapha ubunyumba kanye nemfiva. Izimpande ezisampushana zisetshenziselwa isobho kanye nobhiya ukungeza inkanuko kanye nokupholisa izilonda, kanti iphariji elenziwe impande lingasiza ekunakekeleni isicanucanu ekukhulelweni. Izithelo ezimuncu ziphezulu ku-vithamini C (27%), zidliwa yizinyoni, izilwane nabantu futhi zingasetshenziselwa amajamu. Amantongomane nawo adliwe. Izinkuni zinzima futhi zisetshenziselwa ukwenza izibambiso zamathuluzi noma ukwakha.
Imbewu inomkhiqizo ophakeme (60-70%) wamafutha angewona awomile akhishwa ebanda. Icebile ngamafutha futhi asetshenziswa esibanini, ukuthambisa isikhumba sesilwane kanye nakuzintambo zomnsalo. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwamafutha e-asidi i-ximenia ibuye ingazweli ekulumbaneni kweoksijini, inemiphumela yokulwa nokuguga futhi iyaswakamisa. Isetshenziswa njengamafutha omzimba kanye nezinwele, icebile nge-ximenynic acid enemiphumela emihle ekugugeni kwesikhumba. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ximenynic acid kuye kwaveza ukuthuthukiswa kokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni. Ukwanda kwegazi kwenyuka eqenjini lamavolontiya esifazane, besebenzisa ukhilimu oqukethe 0.5% ximenynic acid. I-Ximenia ikhula kalula kusuka kumbewu entsha engxubeni yesilinganiso-5: 1 yesihlabathi somfula kanye nomquba. Iyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso, ngokulinganisela ingamelana noqhwa futhi ingakhula ibe ngu-0.5m ngonyaka.

Isexwayiso Sezokwelapha

Lolu lwazi olokufundisa nokwazisa kuphela ngakho-ke akufanelwe luthathwe njengeseluleko sokwelapha. Ngalolu lwazi akuhlosiwe kuvala isikhala seseluleko sezokwelapha noma ukwelapha kodokotela abakhokhelwayo.

Translated by Nsika Khoza