Umhlanga waseBambara ubizwa nangokuthi i-pea, i-jugo noma ubhontshisi be-nyimo. Ihlobene nezinkomo futhi isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa komuntu nesilwane.
Izilwane zasendle, kanye nezinhlobo ezilinywayo, zenzeka ukukhiqiza izihlahla zombala nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene kusukela kulesincane imbewu eluhlaza kuze kube sembewu enkulu enemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enamehlo amnyama.
Izinhlobo ezimhlophe nezikhilimu ezinezinhlobo ezinkulu zembewu zikhethwa e-Afrika kuyilapho izinhlobo ezimnyama nezibomvu zikhethwa eNingizimu East Asia.
Umhlanga waseBrazil ukhula ngokuyinhloko ngembewu yawo, esetshenziselwa ukudla, emikhosini yendabuko (njengemingcwabo) kanye nokushintshana kwesipho. Ukuvuthwa, imbewu eyomile iyabiliswa futhi idliwe njenge-pulse, ibe ngumfula ufulawa kanye nokudla kwezilwane.
Kuye kwaba nesithakazelo esivuselelwe eminyakeni yamuva yokulima endaweni enqabeni ye-savannah njengoba kunqotshwa nesomiso futhi ingaveza isivuno esihle ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu, esifundeni saseBambara, ngaseTimbuktu eningizimu yeSahara. I-Nigeria yikhiqizi elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke.
Umqubu waseBrazil utshalwa ezifundazweni zaseNingizimu Afrika zaseMpumalanga, eLimpopo naseKwaZulu-Natali
Ukutshala Indlubu yeBambara
ENingizimu Afrika, umquba waseBambara okhula ngokusheshiswa unqunywe ngommbila, izinkomo namakhabe noma utshalwe njengesitshalo kuphela. Kuthatha phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu nesithupha ukuvuthwa, kuye ngesimo sezulu. Umhlanga waseBambara usakazwa yimbewu ekuhlwanyeni amazinga avela ku-25 kuya ku-160 Kg ngehektare, kungaba ngemigqa noma ekusakazweni. Ingatshalwa emhlabathini onesihlabathi ompofu, futhi kulula ukuvuna emhlabathini owuthile kahle.Ukushisa okunamandla kokuhluma kwamanothi aseBrazil kungama-30 - 35 ° C. Kusetshenziswe ukushisa kwelanga eligcwele nelanga lokushisa elingu-27 ℃. Izitshalo zeSandy loamy ezicebile ku-phosphorus (P) ne-potassium (K) zingcono kakhulu, nakuba ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi ukukhiqizwa ngalezi zimaminerali akukhulisi ukwandisa isivuno. Umhlanga waseBambara ungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yenhlabathi ngoba iyakwazi ukulungisa i-nitrogen yomoya emhlabathini ngokusebenzisa amabhaktheriya eqenjini leBradyrhizobium.
Lesi sitshalo sikhula cishe ngo-30 cm futhi sibukeka njengeqabunga lamaqabunga (amaqabunga amathathu ngalinye) likhula lisuka eqenjini lezinhlamvu ukuze lenze umqhele phezulu. Ama-pods ama-groundnut, aqukethe imbewu eyodwa noma ezimbili (amantongomane), ithuthukise ngaphansi komhlaba. Imbewu ivuthiwe izinyanga ezingu-3 - 6 emva kokuhluma.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuna isitshalo sisuke sisuka emhlabathini, siveza amantongomane akhula ngaphansi komhlaba. Amantongomane asuswe ngesandla futhi asetshenziswe esisha noma omisiwe. Ukuvuna izakhiwo ezincane ngokuvamile kuvame esikhathini esithile. Ukukhiqizwa okulinganiselwa ku-300 kuya ku-600 Kg ngalinye ngehektare kungalindelwa.
Indlela yokudla Indlubu yeBambara
Umnumzane waseBambara ungumthombo obalulekile weprotheni yokudla cishe ngo-18 - 19% kanye no-63% wama-carbohydrate namafutha angu-6.5%. Nakuba kunamaprotheni aphansi kunamapulangwe, imbewu ye-nati ye-Bambara icebile kunamanci amino acids abalulekile njenge-isoleucine, i-leucine, i-lysine, i-methionine, i-phenylalanine, i-threonine ne-valine.Amantongomane angadliwa njengama-snacks ngokubilisa noma ukugcoba, kodwa nawo angomiswa. Iningi lamantongomane liyadliwa ngemuva kokumiswa. Amantongomane omisiwe, aphakathi no-1.5 cm ubude, anezinwele zembewu enzima kakhulu. Khona-ke imbewu iyasemhlabathini futhi ayihlwanyelwe ukukhiqiza ufulawa ocolekileyo, okusetshenziselwa ukwenza isinkwa, amaqebelengwane noma amadombolo. Ufulawa uxubene namafutha namanzi afudumele, anyanisi oqoshiwe, usawoti kanye ne-chilli powder bese ushisa.
Ubisi lwe-nati kanye nemikhiqizo evutshiwe efana ne-tempeh (umkhiqizo owenziwe nge-soy) angenziwa kusuka kumbewu. Ubisi lwe-bannisi waseBambara lusetshenziswa njengobisi obomile emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika.
Umhlanga waseBambara usetshenziswa njengokudla kwezilwane njengoba ucebile ku-nitrogen ne-phosphorus. Imbewu yondliwa yizingulube nezinkukhu kanti amahlumela ashicilelwe asetshenziswa njengefolda. Amaqabunga omhlanga wase-Bambara owomile enza ifolda ecebile engu-16%.
E-Nigeria, izinhlanzi ze-tilapia zondliwa ngamaprotheni e-Bambara kanye namagqabha amaqabunga avela emthini oholela ekutheni futhi ubizwa ngokuthi i-white popinac (Leucaena leucocephala).Translated by Nsika Khoza