I-Hemp (Cannabis sativa) uhlobo lwe-cannabis enamazinga aphansi e-cannabinoid ye-euphoric futhi ayibangeli i-'phezulu 'ehlotshaniswa nomzala wayo, i-psychoactive' dagga '(insangu).
Imicu emide yengxenye engaphandle yesitshalo se-hemp ekhula ngokushesha isetshenziselwe izindwangu eziqinile ezinjenge-jean, izicathulo, izintambo kanye nososeyili. Eqinisweni, izinto ezenziwe nge-hemp zitholakele emathuneni avela emuva ku-8 000 B.C. futhi umhloli wamazwe uChristopher Columbus wasebenzisa izindophi ze-hemp emikhunjini yakhe eboshwe ngamaseyili e-hemp.
I-Hemp vs Ukotini
i-Hemp ingakushintsha kalula ukusetshenziswa kukotini ekwenzeni izingubo. Ngokuphikisana nomkhakha kakotini, osebenzisa ama-50% wemithi yokubulala izinambuzane emhlabeni, i-hemp ayidingi ukubulala izinambuzane ukuze kulinywe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imicu ye-hemp inamandla, yinde futhi incasa kakhulu kunokotini. I-Hemp ibuye futhi ivimbele ukuthamba, inezindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokufakelwa amandla futhi ayithambekeleli ukuncipha kunokotini.
Ungayicubungula Kanjani I-Hemp Ukusuka Kundwangu
I-Hemp eklanyelwe i-fibre ekukhiqizeni izindwangu idinga ukuvunwa kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngaphambi kokuba imbewu ikhiqizwe. Lokhu kungaba izinsuku ezingama-70 - 90 emva kokutshala. Ukuvunwa kwe-hemp kwenziwa ngomshini wokuvuna ojwayelekile.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokucubungula i-hemp siyabuya. Ukubuyela emuva yilapho isigaxa se-hemp sishiyelwa ukuba singene emanzini. Ukuphinda (noma ukubola) kulapho amagciwane kanye nesikhunta bephula ama-pectins abamba izicucu ze-hemp ndawonye. Ukubuyisela emuva kungenziwa ngezindlela ezintathu. Isigaxa se-Hemp singashiywa ensimini phakathi kwamasonto amane kuya kweziyisithupha, sicwiliswe emanzini isikhathi esingangezinsuku eziyi-10 noma siphathwe ngama-enzyme. Lapho inqubo yokubuyisa isiqediwe, izithungo zizobonakala zimhlophe ngemicu emide ehlukanisa kalula nenhlaka yokhuni.
Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, umoba we-hemp uyaqoqwa futhi uthunyelwa kumshini “we-decortication”. Kule nqubo, iziqu zephuliwe kanye nomgogodla ongamahlahla uhlukaniswe imicu ye-hemp ende. Imicu emide ithunyelwa nge-roller lapho imicu ithambile ngaphambi kokuba inqunywe isuswe ku-3m iye kubude obufishane ngokwesibonelo u-650mm. Izingcezu ezifushane yilezo ezisikiweyo, ezibunjiwe futhi noma yiziphi izinhlayiya ezimfushane, ezibunjiweyo noma ezinamahlahla ezisuswe. Imicu emifushane yaziwa ngokuthi yi-'tur 'futhi imicu emide ibizwa nge-'line fibre'.
Imicu ye-hemp ihlanganiswe “i-sliver” eqhubekayo yokuphotha, kungaba emanzi noma eyomile. Ukuphotha kwe-Wet kuthela kahle izintambo njengoba kuthambisa i-pectin kuvumela ukuhlukaniswa okungcono kwemicu futhi kukhiqize intambo ye-hemp.
Izinzuzo ze-Hemp Fibre
I-Hemp ingaphezulu kwezinye izilimo zezindwangu zezindwangu (ezifana nekotini noma ifilakisi lelineni), zombili ngokuya ngenqubo ekhulayo nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Izinzuzo zokukhulisa i-hemp zifaka ukuthi kudingeka amanzi amancane ukukhulisa i-hemp kunokukhulisa ukotini. I-Hemp nayo idinga ukubulala izinambuzane okumbalwa ngoba inambuzane futhi ihlangabezana nezifo ngenkathi isivuno se-hemp fibre (ngehektha ngalinye) siphakeme kunefilakisi nokotini.
Ngokuya ngekhwalithi yefibre; I-hemp ingenye yezicucu zemvelo eziqine kakhulu, i-insulator enhle, enamandla okuphefumula kahle, iyamelana nobumba nokuthamba futhi imelana kakhulu nokugqabhuka.
Ubushelelezi bendwangu ye-hemp bukhuphuka ngokugqokwa nombala awupheli ngokushesha njengakotini.
Ngokuya nge-hemp njengendwangu yezimpahla zasendlini, inezindawo ezivimba izivimba eziphakeme ze-UV (zilungele amakhethini namakhethini) futhi ayeluli kangako ukuze imikhiqizo ephakeme igcine ukwakheka kwayo.
Translated by Nsika Khoza