I-Hemp (Cannabis sativa) luhlobo lwe cannabis elinamazinga aphantsi aphazamisa ingqondo THC cannabinoid kwaye ayenzi ubani ‘aqhunywe’ xa ithelekiswa nomzala wayo, ‘intsangu’ esebenza engqondweni (umya).
Amasebe amade angaphandle we hemp ekhula ngoku kwawuleza asetyenziswa kwimpahla ezomeleleyo ezifana ne jini, izihlangu, iintambo ezomeleleyo, kunye nee seyile. Eneneni, okwenziwe nge hemp kufumaniswe okokuba kumangcwaba akudala ukuqala ngo 8 000 B.C. kwaye umzingeli uChristopher Columbus wasebenzisa intambo ze hemp kwinqanawe zakhe zafakwa ne seyile eyenziwe nge hemp.
I-Hemp xa Ithelekiswa ne Khothoni
I-Hemp ingayithabatha lula indawo ye khothoni xa kusenziwa iimpahla. Ngokuchaseneyo nentengiso ye khothoni, esebenzisa malunga nama 50% wezibulali zinambuzane ezifakwa emhlabeni, yona ke ihemp ayifuni zibulali zinambuzane ukuze ilinywe ikhule. Ukongeza, iintambo ze hemp zinamandla, zinde kwaye ziyafunxa kune khothoni. I-Hemp iyanyamezela ukubola, kwaye iyakhusela kakhulu kwaye ayifane ife xa kuthelekiswa ne khothoni.
Ukulungisa I-Hemp Ukuze Kwenziwe Iimpahla
I-Hemp ekhuliselwa ukwenza ifibre esetyenziswa kwimveliso yempahla kufuneka ivunwe kwangexesha, kanye ngexesha lokudubula phambi kokuba kuvele imbewu. Oku kungenzeka kwintsuku ezingama 70-90 emveni kokuvela kwembewu. Ukuvunwa kwe hemp kwenziwa ngo matshini oqhelekileyo wokuvuna.
Inyathelo lokuqala ekulungiseni ihemp kukuyinyelisa ithambe. Xa Kanye amadiza we hemp efakwa emanzini ayekwe. Ukunyelisa/kuthambisa (okanye ukubolisa) kuxa intsholongwane kunye ne fungi ziqhekeza (i-pectin) edibanisa ifibre zehemp kunye. nokusokisha kungenziwa ngendlela ezintathu. Amadiza we hemp angashiywa entsimini iiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu, isemanzini iintsuku ezilishumi (10) okanye ifakwe i-enzymes. Xa sele zigqityiwe ukusokishwa, idiza lizakubonakala limhlophe nangona ifibre ezinde zohlukana lula kwidiza elomeleleyo.
Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, kuqokelelwa amadiza athunyelwe kumatshini we “decortication”. Xa kusenzeka kanje, isiqu siyophuka kwaye isiqu somthi siyohlukana kwi fibre ezinde zomthi. I-Fibres ezinde zithunyelwa nge roller xa ifibres zithambile phambi kokusikwa ukusuka ku 3m ukuya kubufutshane obungama 650mm umzekelo. Iipisi ezimfutshane ziyakhanywa, senziwe mpuluswa kwaye ezimfutshane ziyajijana okanye ezinentwana zemithi ziyasuswa. Ezi fibres zimfutshane zaziwa ngokuba yi ‘tow’ kwaye ezinde zibizwa nge ‘line fibre’.
I-Hemp fibres zimiswa kumatshini ojikelezayo, omanzi okanye owomileyo. Ukujikeleziswa okumanzi kunikeza iintambo ezomeleleyo kuba iyathamba yenze kubelula ukohlula ifibre ivelise iintambo zehemp ezimpuluswa.
Ukulunga kwe Hemp Fibre
I-Hemp ibalulekile kwezinye izivuno ze fibre yokuthunga impahla (ezifana ne khothoni okanye flax ye lineni), ngokwendlela yokukhulisa kunye nemisebenzi. Izinto ezincedayo ekukhuliseni ihemp ziquka ukudingeka kwamanzi amancinci ekuyikhuliseni kunoku khulisa ikhothoni. I-Hemp idinga izibulali zinambuzane ezimbalwa kuba iyanyamezela kwinkumbi nezifo nangona umyinge we hemp fiber (ngokwe hektare) uphezulu kune ne flax ne khothoni.
Malunga nomgangatho we fibre; ihemp yeyona yomelele kakhulu ngokwendalo, iyakhusela, iyaphefumla, iyanyamezela ukungunda kunye nokubola kwaye iyanyamezela ayigugi. Ukuthamba kwelaphu le hemp kuyanda xa inxitywa kwaye umbala awuphumi ngoku khawuleza njengowe khothoni.
Ngokwe hemp njengempahla xa kuhonjiswa imizi, iyakwazi ukuvalela ilanga (ilungele ibliyindi ne khethini) kwaye ayinoni kakhulu lilonke iimveliso ezigqunywe ngayo ziyabugcina ubume bazo.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie