Iindawo ezilungiselelwe ukugcina intlanzi zivelisa udidi oluphezulu lwesitokho sentlanzi ezisencinci. Indawo zoku khulisela iintlanzi ezisencinci zingabekwa kwindawo esezantsi okanye kwindawo ezibucala xa kulungiswa intlanzi nangona kulula oko ze intlanzi ithengiswe kwigeyithi yefama.
Ifama ezikwindawo ezisemaphandleni, ndawo ezihlala uluntu zizakufumana abathengi kufuphi bentlanzi ezincinci ezisentsha. Ezo zikufuphi kwindawo ezinkulu ngase zidolophini zingafumana intengiso ephucukileyo enokuthi ifuye itilapia ebomvu, ehlinziweyo, yasuswa umphakathi yacocwa okanye izihlunu ze tilapia.
Ukuzala kwe Tilapia Ezincinci
Ukuzalwa kwe tilapia, nanje ngaluphi na uhlobo oluphucukileyo lwenkqubo yemveliso, ifuna iindawo ezikhethekileyo. Iintsuku zokuzalisa ekhayeni iintlanzi ezincinci zesini esohlukileyo zaphela kudala kwaye kufuneka kubenjalo. Kulemihla indawo ezilungele ukukhulisa iintlanzi zinendawo zenkunzi ze tilapia ezikhethiweyo, zonke inkunzi zentlanzi ezincinci ze tilapia zentlobo ezohlukileyo kunye nokukhula okuqinisekisiweyo kunye nenzuzo yokunyamezela izifo.Ezindawo ziphucukileyo zokuzalisa iintlanzi zinemithetho ethile yokuthintela ukokuba iintlobo ezohlukileyo zingazalisani ukuze kugcinwe zonke iintlobo zenzala ziqhubeka kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Kuphela zifama ezinkulu zentengiso ekufuneka zicinge ukuzenzela ezazo iindawo zokukhulisela intlanzi. Kunge njalo, gcwalisa ichibi lakho, thenga iintlanzi ezisencinci. Iintlanzi ezisencinci azikho kumaxabiso aphezulu kwaye ziyahambiseka ngenqwelo moya kwindawo ezikude ezinkulu kwaye ukuhanjiswa ngezithuthi zasendleleni kunempumelelo kuba zifika ziphila.
Ukukhuliselwa Ngaphandle kwe Tilapia
Indawo zoku khulisela itilapia ngaphandle ingaba ngama tanki okanye amachibi. Akufuneka zibencinci kakhulu. Naliphi na itanki elingelilo loku khulisela itilapia elincinci ngaphantsi kwama 3000 litres lisetyenziswa ngamafama afuya ngenjongo yokuzigcina exakekile kuphela kwaye ayisokuze ivelise iziphumo ezintle kumafama afuyela ukuyitengisa itilapia.Amachibi oku khulisela itilapia kufuneka abe bubuncinci be 0.25 ha nobu ngakanani (2 500 m²), ukuze ligcine amanzi elungile ekumgangatho ophezulu nokuvumela nokokuba indalo iphatheke kakuhle. Xa ichibi lilikhulu, maninzi amathuba okuba intlanzi zizityele ngokwendalo, kwaye xa uzinzile umgangatho wamanzi awuzukutshintsha kuthi kwenzeke kubizwa de-oxygenation okanye ukuphela kwe oxygen emanzini okanye kwande I ammonia esuka kubumdaka bentlanzi kwichibi elincinci kakhulu.
Amatanki angengawo awenene angu 1- 1.5 m³ (1 000 – 1 500 ye litha) namachibi amancinci asemhlabeni angu 100 – 500 m² awukuvumeli ukukhula ngokupheleleyo nempilo ye tilapia. Amatanki amancinci anamachibi avelisa umyinge ongaphantsi komgangatho, andise umgcipheko welahleko yesitokho ahlise umgangatho wamanzi abekumanzinga apho ukukhula nempilo kuthi kuchaphazeleke ngendlela engekhontle.
Ukufuya itilapia kuquka ukuhlola yonke imihla ukutya, ukujonga noku shicilela inkcukacha ngesitokho ngenjongo yokuqwalasela impilo nokukhula. Ukujonga nokubhala amazinga amanzi nokukhathalela izixhobo ezifana nempompo, izihluzo kunye nezixhobo zokuvuna intlanzi kwenziwa yonke imihla.
Eminye imisebenzi eyenziwa ngamaxesha athile enyakeni iquka le ilandelayo: intlanzi iyafuywa ze ilungiswe, amatanki nezihluzo ziyacocwa ze amatanki okukhulisela intlanzi namachibi ziyacocwa ziphinde zigcwaliswe ngentlanzi ezisencinci.
Ukuphinda ugcwalise amachibi we tilapia, kusetyeniswa iinkunzi zentlanzi, kuba iinkunzi ziyakhawuleza ukukhula kwaye zinomlinganiselo ongcono wokutya. Kwakhona ukusebenzisa inkunzi zodwa kuthintela imveliso enga cwangcwiswanga yamantshontsho kunye nentlanzi ezincinci. Amantshontsho kunye nentlanzi ezise ncinci ziyakhuphisana ngokutya nentlanzi ezinkulu.
Uxinzelelo lwentlanzi ezizimazi ziwehlisa kakhulu umyinge wesivuno.
Zonke iintlanzi ezincinci ze nkunzi ziyafumaneka kwindawo zokukhulisela intlanzi ezisemthethweni kumaxabiso aphantsi. Ayisenziwa into yokuvelisa intlanzi ezincinci ezikumgangatho ophantsi, zityise ukutya okufumaneka kumaxabiso aphezulu ixesha elingangoyaka ze ufumane umyinge wesivuno omninzi.
Ukuvuna I-Tilapia
Ukuvuna kungenziwa xa intlanzi sele zilungele intengiso ethile, imilinganiselo yesivuno ixhomekeke kwimfuneko zentengiso. Oku kungohluka ukusesela kwi tilapia esencinci engama 250 g iye ikhethwe zintengiso zakwindawo ezise maphandleni, ziphelele, okanye ezingaqhaqhwanga, ukuyokuma kwi tilapia enkulu yama 500 g, ecociweyo, yasuswa uburhabaxa ngaphandle, xa kusenzelwa iintengiso zase dolophini eziphucukileyo. Itilapia kubathengi abaphucukileyo base zidolophini iye ithengiswe ngamaxabiso aphezulu ngokwe kg.I-Tilapia ingakhethwa ithengiswe kumachibi ngokusebenzisa umnatha owenziwe ngocingo imesh elithi libambe kuphela intlanzi ezibu bunzima obuthile. Kunge njalo, itilapia enkulu ingabanjiswa ngulo mnatha ze ezisencinci ziphuncuke ukuze zikhule.
Ezinye intengiso zikhetha incasa enamandla ‘yentlazi’ ye tilapia ekhuliswe kumanzi ambala uluhlaza nangona abanye bekhetha incasa engekho ngamandla. Lencasa ‘yentlanzi’ ingasuswa ngokuthi kugcinwe itilapia kumanzi acocekilyo iintsuku ezimbalwa. Kungenjalo, umsebenzi kunye nokuzikhathaza ngokubambisa nokuhambisa amanani amakhulu we tilapia elungele ukuvunwa akufuneka kujongelwe phantsi, ingakumbi xa kusafuneka zigcinwe ziphila.
Intlanzi yonakala ngoku khawuleza kwisimo sezulu ezishushu, maxa wambi ngeyure nje ezimbalwa. Yiyolonto ukuvuna kufuneka kucwangciswe kakuhle ukuvumela ixesha lokuyilungisa, ukuyigcina, okanye isikali sezo uzibambisileyo phambi kokuba yonakale de ingathengiseki kubathengi. Kungaluncedo ukukhenkcezisa ukuze zigcinwe naxa zihanjiswa intlanzi.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie