Tindzhawu leti kongomisiweke eka ku tlhotlhorhis tihumelerisa xitoko xa xiyimo xale henhla swinene xati fingerlings. Tindzhawu to kurisela eka tona tingava tiri eka ti Lowveld kumbe tindzhawu tale kule loko ku lulamiseriwaka tihlampfi kunga leswi endliwaka eka purasi rotani hi leri.
Mapurasi yale makaya lawa yanga tshama laha kungana vanhu yata kuma makete wa kahle wa tihlampfi letintsongo letihumaka ematini. Loko uri karhi u tshunelela eka tindzhawu leti tale madorobeni lawakulu u kuma timakete leti hambanaka letinga tsakelaka tilapia yotshuka, gutted, gilled na hlampfi ya magwaru hambi kuri tilapia fillets.
Kukurisiwa ka Tilapia Fingerlings
Kukurisiwa ka tilapia, kufana naku antswisiwa ka nongonoko wun’wana na wun’wana lowunga twisisekeki, swilava switirhisiwa swohlawuleka. Masiku yaku fuwa tinxaka letinga katsakanyiwa to hambana tati fingerlings i khale ya hundzile naswona yafanele xikan’we na tindzhawu to tlhotlhorhela leti lulamiseriweke sweswi ti avelana hileti tinga gradiwa, ti tilapia fingerlings ta xinuna ntsena tohlawuleka xikan’we na mbuyelo wo kondzelela kukula na mavabyi.Switirhisiwa leswi swokurisela tihlampfi swotika swina swohlawuleka swokarhi leswi sivelaka kuva titswalana hi xitona xikan’we naku tiyisisa kuhambana ka ti genes. Kova mapurasi lawa yakulu swinene ya tihlampfi lawa ya faneleke ku languta tindzhawu tawona to tlhotlhorhela. Ehandle ka sweswo, chela damu ra wena hi tihlampfi, laha u faneleke ku xava ti fingerlings. Ti fingerlings ati durhi naswona ku fambisiwa hi xihahampfhuka kuya eka madoroba lawakulu xikan’we naku fambisiwa laha patwini hindlela leyi humelelaka swinene switiyisisiwile.
Kukurisiwa ka Tilapia
Switirhisiwa swokurisela eka swona tilapia kungava mathangi kumbe madamu. Leswi aswi fanelangi kuva leswintsongo ngopfu. Thangi rin’wana na rin’wana leri endliweke raku kurisela tilapia leringa rintsongo eka 3000 litres ira kuhungasa ka vafuwi va tihlampfi ntsena naswona aringa humelerisi mbuyelo wakahle eka van’wamapurasi lava lavaka ku humelerisa tilapia kuya xavisa.Ti ponds to kurisela tilapia tifanele tisungula eka 0.25 ha hi vukulu (2 500 m²) leswaku tita tshama tiri na mati ya khwalithi naswona ti pfumelela swakudya swantubmuluko. Loko pond yiri leyikulu, swina nkateko wakuva tihlampfi titidyela swakudya swantumbuluko. Titlhela tiva na ntshamiseko tingavi na xiphiqo xa loko khwalithi ya mati yitshuka yiye ehansi kufana na loko ya helela hi moya kumbe kutala ammonia kusuka eka thyaka ra tihlampfi eka pond leyintsongo.
Mathangi lawa ya endliweke ya 1 - 1.5 m³ (1 000 - 1 500 litres) xikan’we na swidan’wani swa 100 - 500 m² swinge pfumeleri kukula loku hlampfi yiku kotaka na rihanyu ra kahle ra tilapia. Mathangi lawa ya ntsongo yata vuyerisa mbuyelo woka wungari kahle, swi engetelela ku lahlekeriwa hi xitoko kutani swihunguta khwalithi ya mati kuya eka ti level leti kukula na rihanyu swingavaka eka xiyimo xoka xingari kahle.
Vufuwi bya tilapia byikatsa ku phamela, ku kambela naku tsala leswi tikurisaka xiswona na rihanyo masiku hinkwawo. Ku kambela xikan’we naku tsala khwalithi ya mati utlhela u hlayisa switirhisiwa swofana na ti pompo, ti filters na michini ya ntshovelo swifanele ku endliwa masiku hinkwawo.
Yin’wani mintirho ya nguva yikatsa leswi landzelaka: Tihlampfi ta phasiwa kutani tilulamisiwa, mathangi nati filters swi basisiwa kutani mathangi yo kurisela na swidanwani naswona swibasisiwa ku cheriwa tin’wana ti fingerlings.
Ku tlhela ku cheriwa tin’wana ti tilapia eswidan’wanini, kutirhisiwa tihlampfi ta xinuna ntsena, tani hileswi ta xinuna tikulaka hiku hatlisa swinene naswona tihatlisa ku gayela swakudya. Nakambe ku tirhisa ta xinuna ntsena swisivela ku tswalana loku nga lavekiki xikan’we nati fingerlings. Ti fry nati fingerlings swiphikizanela swakudya na tihlampfi letikulu. Vukona bya tihlampfi ta xisati swihunguta mbuyelo hinkarhi wa ntshovelo.
Hinkwato ti fingerlings ta xinuna takumeka hinkwako kusuka eka vatlhotlhorisi lava tsarisiweke hi ntsengo wale hansi. Aswaha twisiseki kuva kukurisiwa ti fingerlings toka tingari kahle, ti phameriwa swakudya swo durha kuringana lembe kutani tivuyerisa mbuyelo wale hansi.
Ku Khomiwa ka Tilapia
Ntshovelo wungava konaloko tihlampfi ti lulamerile makete wokarhi, vukulu bya ntshovelo byiya hi swilaveko swa makete. Leswi swinga hambana kusuka eka ti tilapia letintsongo ta 250 g leti tsakeriwaka swinene hi makete wale makaya, kuva na letikulu nyana, ku hetelela hiletikulu swinene ti tilapia ta 500 g, leti basisiweke tisusiwa na magwaru, eka makete wale madorobeni kumbe makete lowunga twisisekeki. Tilapia ya vatirhisi vale madorobeni yitala ku xavisiwa hi ntsengo wale henhla hi kg.Tilapia yinga hlawuriwa ku tshoveriwa kusuka eswidan’wanini hiku tirhisiwa ka mesh gill net yin’we leyikulu leyi khomaka ntsena tihlampfi ta vukulu byokarhi. Ehandle ka leswi, ti tilapia letikulu tinga khomiwa kusala letintsongo tikula.
Timakete tin’wani titsakela tihlampfi ta nantswo wotiyela letihumaka eka mati ya rihlaza laha kukuriseriweke tilapia loko tin’wana titsakela ta nantswo wa bland. Natswo lowuya wa hlampfi wunga susiwa hiku veka tilapia eka mati lawa yanga basa kuringana masiku nyana. Hambiswiritano, maendlelo na ntshikelelo wokhoma tihlampfi kutani tifambisiwa hi nhlayo leyikulu ya ti tilapia aswifanelanga ku tekeriwa ehansi, ngopfu ngopfu loko kuriku tilava ku tshikiwa taha hanya.
Tihlampfi ti onheka hiku olova eka maxelo lawa ya hisaka endzhaku ka tiawara tokarhi. Leswi swivula leswaku ku phasiwa swifanele kukunguhatiwa kahle ku pfumelela vululamisi, nhlayiso kumbe ku xavisiwa ka letinga phasiwa tingase cinca xiyimo xa tona kuya eka lexinga amukelekiki eka makete. Ku gwitsirisiwa swina nkoka swinene eka nhlayiso xikan’we naku fambisiwa ka tihlampfi.Translated by Ike Ngobeni