Ti Persimmons Leti Rimiwaka
Ti persimmons i mihandzu leyi dyiwaka kusuka eka misinya ya muxaka wa Diospyros eka ndyangu wa Ebenaceae. Rito Diospyros risukela eka xi Greek xa khale, leri vulaka leswaku "divine fruit". Muxaka wa American persimmon (D. virginiana), wukula kusuka e Gulf states north kuya exikarhi ka Pennsylvania nale xikarhi ka Illinois. Muhandzu lowu wu kwalomu ka 3 kuya e 5 cm hiku hetiseka, hixitalo wu phamparharile, naswona wudzhwihala kuya eko tshuka kumbe maroon hi muhlovo. Mihandzu yotala yina tinyungu leti phambarhaleke letikulu. Tinxaka tin’wana to hlawuleka ti thyiwe mavito naswona ti simuriwa kutani swibyariwa kuva swi xavisa.
Tinxaka totala leti byariwaka ngopfu tati persimmon hi leti ta Asian persimmon, Diospyros Kaki kumbe Kaki Fruit. Muxaka wati Asian kumbe Japanese persimmon hile kaya katona e China, laha tinga rimiwa kuringana malembe lawa yotala swinene naswona kuna tinxaka totala kutlula magidi mambirhi leti hanyaka. Ti hangalakile nale Korea na Japan malembe yotala swinene lawa ya hundzeke laha tinxaka tin’wana tinga tumbuluxiwa kutani tihangalaka na misava hinkwayo hi malembe yava 19th century.
Ti persimmons ta humelerisiwa eka misinya leyikulu naswona loko yingase lahlekeriwa hi matluka, matluka lawa yo endla onge i dzovo yo lala no hatima ya muhlovo wa wasi nyana ya hundzuka muhlovo wa xitshopani yaya eka muhlovo wa orenji, loko yangase dzudzeka hi xixika. Misinya leyinga byariwa ya tsemetiwa lembe na lembe kambe loko yitshikiwa yinga tsemiwi, misinya leyi yinga kula kuya fika eka 10 m hiku leha. Misinya leyi yisungula ku veka mihandzu endzahku ka malembe manharhu, kambe yifikelela ku humelerisa endzhaku ka nhungu wa malembe naswona vutomi bya wona lebyi hanyeke kahle byi languteriwa kuva byi fika eka makume mune wa malembe. Mbuyelo wale henhla waku fika eka 50 t/ha wutsarisiwile eka tinsimu tin’wana leti humelerisaka mihandzu ya kahle.
Mabilomu ya vakona hi ximun’wana naswona muhandzu wa Kaki wuvupfa kufikelela emakumu hi xixikani. Mihandzu ya tinxaka tin’wana ya hambana kusuka eka xitshopani xo vangama-orenji kuya eka kutshuka ko dzhwihala-orenji. Yitlhela yi hambana hi vukulu kusuka eka 1.5 kuya eka 9 cm hi vukulu naswona swivumbeko swswa hambana kusuka eka xa spherical kuya eka oval na xa kwembe. Muxaka lowu humelerisiwaka wa muhandzu wa Kaki wu phambarhalile nyana ehansi nale henhla laha wuvaka na xivumbeko nyana xa xibokisani laha wuhetelelaka wufana na tamatisi lerikulu. Nhlonge ya vevuka naku dyiwa, naswona muhandzu lowu wuna muhlovo wohambanyiseka wa orenji lowu vangamaka.
Ti Persimmons Leti Dzungaka na Leti Nyanganyaka
Ti persimmons tivekiwa eka mintlawa yimbirhi ya ntolovelo, leyi tswalaka mihandzu yotsindziyela leyi vevukaka loko yivupfa xikan’we na leyi mihandzu yakona yinga tsindziyelangiki. Ti persimmon letinga tsindziyelangiki tinga dyiwa loko tivupfile kufana na apula. Tinxaka leti humelerisiwaka hi xitalo tati persimmon, muhandzu wa Kaki i muxaka wati persimmon letinga tsindziyela. Muhandzu lowu wulava ku hoxiwa endzeni ka gasi loko tiheka tu tshoveriwa leswaku tita vevukisiwa kusuka eka muhandzu loko wunga se lulamela ku dyiwa naku xavisiwa. Loko muhandzu wutshoveriwile, wuva wutsindziyele ngopfu lero awu dyeki hikwalaho kakuva wutele ngopfu tannin, kambe maendlelo lawa ya pfuneta ku vupfa ka muhandzu naswona wucinciwa wuyava muhandzu lowu nyanganyaka no nandziha.
Loko muhandzu wu pakiwile wucheriwa hi gasi ya ethylene kumbe yi hoxiwa eka swibye leswingana carbon dioxide kuringana ti awara kumbe masiku yokarhi, kuya hi muxaka wa ntirho lowu endliwaka. Leti hivumbirhi iti gasi leti tirhisiwaka hi ntolovelo kususa swilo leswinga vavisaka vatirhisi. Gasi leyi yi hunguta nhlayo yale henhla ya tannin eka muhandzu naswona ku humelerisiwa muhandzu yotiyela, ya khwalithi ya xiyimo xale henhla leyingana xivumbeko xofana na jeli, nantswo wonyanganya na muhlovo wakahle wa orenji loko wu lulamele ku xavisiwa.
Nkoka wa Swakudya
Kaki Fruit yi fuwile swinene hi vitamin B2 (riboflavin) na vitamin B1 (thiamin) kutani yitala hiti carotenoids, leti tivekaka hi vuswikoti byatona byaku hunguta nxungeto wa mavabyi ya mbilu na timfukuzani tin’wani. Mihandzu leyi yina kambirhi hi fibre leyi fanaka naya ma-apula naswona yitlhela yiva na swin’wana swofanana calcium, iron na magnesium.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni