Go tutafatsa maungo le merogo go feta temothuo ka bo yona. Batho ba ba tsomang le go kgoboketsa ba kgobokeditse maungo a a buduleng ka dijana tse di dirilweng ka ditlabakelo tsa tlhago le ka go tsamaiso e e bonolo ya maungo a a buduleng, e dirile poelo ya matute le gantsi a a ritetsweng (sekao, veine) kgotsa ntshokuno e e tsentsweng oksitšene (sekao, mo binikeng).
Ka go dira didirisiwa tse di tswetseng pele go feta mekgwa ya segompieno ya go ntshakuno matute le ka se, dijana di fetogile.
Paakanyo ya matute gompieno e fetogile le go akaretsa paakanyo e e nepagetseng ya temothuo, go tshwara sentle morago ga puno ya maungo le merogo e e siameng, pabalelo ya boitekanelo le polokego ya dijo le go dira sentle ga phuthelo, pabalelo le tsamaiso.
Maungo a a tumileng go feta a matute a maungo ke namune, apole, terebe le dipeinapole. Matute a ditamati le metswako ya ditamati di tsaa maikarabelo a go feta diperesente tse 90 tsa kgwebisano e e seng ya matute a maungo.
Matute mo Aforika Borwa
Mo Aforika Borwa, Mokgatlho wa Matute a Maungo wa Aforika Borwa (SAFJA) o tshegetsa tlhabololo le tsweletsopele ya intasteri ya matute a maungo mo Aforika Borwa le go ikaelela go oketsa tiriso ya dikumo tsa yona le go tlhotlheletsa kgolo ya intasteri.
Aforika Borwa e baakanya ka bonnye ba ditone tse dimilione tse nngwe, tsa maungo a foreše mo dikumong tsa matute a dijonontshi tsa apole le matute a namune ke dintshokuno tse di umilweng go feta. Maungo a mangwe a a diriswang mo Aforika Borwa ke diterebe, dipeinapole, dimenku le maungo a a tlhotlhoregang a jaaka dipiere le diperekisi.
Bonnye ba 40% ya matute a Aforika Borwa bo isiwa kwa dikontinenteng tsa Aforika, le diromelwa ntle gape tse di yang kwa bareking ba boditšhabatšhaba lefatsheng ka bophara ka mokgwa wa bontsi ba dijonontshi gammogo le mo phuthelong ya kgwebo.
Kumo ya Matute ya Lefatshe
Kumo ya matute a lefatshe e gotse mo ngwagasomeng o o fetileng kwa dinageng tse di kwa tlhabologang di nna le seabe go feta diperesente tse di 60 tsa diyantle tsa matute a maungo. Tse di akaretsa Vietnam (matute a boboatsatsi le matute a dipeinapole), Egepeta (matute a namune), Philippines (metsi a khokhonate le matute a dipeinapole tsa dijonontshi) le Peru (matute a boboatsatsi a a jaaka maungo a kgotelo).
Le fa go le jalo, India ke e nngwe ya bakumi ba bobedi ba bagolo ba maungo le merogo mo lefatsheng, mme fela 1.5% e e akantsweng e tswela pele go dirisiwa le go akanywa gore e ka nna 20% e ka latlhega ka ntlha ya tshenyego.
Yuropa ke moisakwantle o mogolo go feta (55%) wa matute a maungo le kwa Bogareng ba Botlhabela ba Yuropa gammogo le Poland e e jalang jalo ka baromela dithoto ntle ba matute.
Brazil, moumi o mogolo go feta wa maungo a bodinamune, gape e leng moumi o mogolo go feta mo lefatsheng wa matute a bodinamune o tshwere boikarabelo ba 25% ya ntshakuno mo lefatsheng ka bophara. Amerika ke mmaraka wa bobedi wa matute a bodinamune. Kumo ya matute a namune e ne e akanyeditswe go fokotsa ka 24% go dimilione tse 1.6 tsa ditone (2017/18) ka ntlha ya tlhaelo ya dinamune go dira kwa Brazil le Amerika.
China le Poland ke baabi ba lefatshe ba kwa godimo ba matute a apole matute fa Jeremane e leng morekantle o mogologo go feta wa matute a apole. Argentina ke moumi wa pele wa matute a terebe mo lefatsheng.
Poland ke moumi o o botlhokwa wa moretlwa o montsho, kharente e ntsho le tšhotlho ya Aronia le e sekileng, e e dirisiwang go uma seo se bitswang dintshakuno tsa matute a leungo le le kgatlhisang.
Matute a a kgatlhisang a a jaaka menko, legapu, le kiwi di simolola go nna tse di tumileng thata le mokgwa o o golang wa bojameromo gore go na le koketso ya matute a merogo a a kopantsweng le segwere, dipete, mokawa, sepeneše, kale, phasli le ditlama tse dingwe le merogo.
Mesola ya Tutafatso
Kwa ntle le go nna motswedi wa diedi, matute a maungo a aba dibithamine le diminerale go akaretsa dibhithamine tsa B le C, folate, potasiamo le diedi tsa go thibela oksitšene mo dijong. Matute gape a ka tswakanywa le go tlatseletswa ka phepo kgotsa dikhemikhale tsa dijalo go oketsa mosola wa yona wa phepo. Gantsi, matute a maungo a a tswakiwang le ona a na le tatso thata go feta leungo ka bo lona mme a bonolo thata go feta leungo lotlhe.
Go tutafatsa gape ke tsela e e dirang thata ya go dirisa maungo a go nna le dilabe le tsa sebopego sa go nna sentle gore tse di ka se beng tse di siametseng kgotsa go kgatlhisa go rekisa kwa lebenkeleng.
Mo godimo ga moo, go tutafatsa go ka oketsa mosola mo kgwebong ya bolemirui mme ke mokgwa wa go dirisa ntshokuno pheteletsa. E tla, le fa go le jalo, e senka metswedi ya tlaleletso gammogo le go boloka, go dirwa botsididi, go dira le ditlabakelo tsa go phuthela.
Translated by Lawrence Ndou