Mahe a Dinotshi ke Eng?

Mahe a dinotshi ke ntho e monate e entsweng ke dinotshi (dinotshi tsa mahe a dinotshi, dinotshi tse phophomang boya le dinotshi tse se nang tsenene) hammoho le bobi le dikokonyana. E boetse e sebediswa ke dinotshi tsa mahe a dinotshi e le mohlodi wa dijo bakeng sa bohobe ba dinotshi (dijo tsa bohlokwa bakeng sa dinotshi tse nyenyane) le nakong ya kgaello ya dijo. E nnile ya sebediswa ke motho ka dilemo tse fetang 8 000 e le mohlodi wa dijo le meriana.

Mahe a Dinotshi a Etswa Jwang?

Mahe a dinotshi a entswe ka lero la dipalesa, lero le tswekere kapa dimela tse monate tsa semela.
Dinotshi tsa masupa-tsela di fofa ho ya batla lero le ho kgutlela matlwaneng a mahe a dinotshi ho buisana (ka ho tantsha) sebaka sa mohlodi wa lero.
Lero le bokellwa ke dinotshi tse nang le mefuta e mengata e di bolokang dijalong tsa tsona (mahe a dinotshi). Ha o kgutlela matlwaneng a mahe a dinotshi, dinotshi tsena tse nang le maoto a mangata di senya lero ka dijalo tsa tsona ho ya dijalong tsa dinotshi tsa motlakase haufi le monyako wa matlwana a mahe a dinotshi. Moriana o iswa kgekgeng ya mahe a dinotshi - hangata e ka hodimo ho mohaho, hole le mofumahadi le bana ba dulang dikarolong tse ka tlaase tsa mohaho.
Mona ho kgekge ya dinotshi, lero la yona le senyeha ka disele tse mahlokore a tsheletseng tse nang le ditepisi. "Nako le nako ha mochine o mong wa lero o kenngwa ka seleng, dinotshi tsa motlakase di eketsa 'invertase' enzyme e senyang tswekere (sucrose) ho tswekere (tswekere ya madi) le fructose (tswekere ya ditholwana)", ho hlalosa David Tarpy, moprofesa ya boemong wa entomology North Carolina State University.
Lero le na le metsi a ka bang 70%, ha mahe a dinotshi a na le metsi a ka bang 17 ho ya ho a 18%. Kahoo, ho fihlella tshebetsong ya mahe a dinotshi, mongobo o tswang ho lero la tswekere o lokela ho fetoha mouwane. Sena se etswa ke ho tsoswa kamehla ha mapheo a dinotshi.
Ha metsi a le mouwane ka mokgwa o lekaneng mme ho nepahala ho nepahetseng ho fihletswe (mahe a dinotshi a "butswitseng"), disele tsa kgekge ya dinotshi di tiisitswe ka 'ho kwahela'. Dihlopha tsena tsa boka ba dinotshi ho thibela mongobo ho kenella. Ha di kwahetswe, motswako wa dinotshi o se o loketse ho kotulwa kapa o fepelwa ke dinotshi. Peo e phofshwana e kopantswe le mahe a dinotshi pele e fepuwa dinotshi tse nyenyane motswako o nang le protheine.

Dipalo-palo tsa Mahe a dinotshi

Ho etsa mahe a dinotshi ke mosebetsi o thata. Ho ya ka American Bee Journal, dinotshi tsa mahe di tla etela dipalesa tse 50 ho ya ho tse 100 ka leeto la pokello mme di tla hlahisa 0,8g ya mahe a dinotshi nakong ya bophelo ba yona. Phuputso e entsweng ka 2005 ke Department of Water and Forestry of South Africa e hakanya hore 15kg tsa mahe a dinotsi ka kgwedi di ka hlahiswa ka selemo.

Ho Kotula Mahe a Dinotshi

©Yves Tennevin

Barui ba dinotshi ba kotula kgekge ya mahe a dinotshi ka ho bokella le ho tlosa dihlahiswa tse tletseng mahe a dinotshi ho tloha matlwaneng a mahe a dinotshi. Dikoti tsa boka ba dinotshi, tse tiisang disele tseo mahe a dinotshi di bolokilweng ho tsona, di hlajwa ka lehare le diforeimi ebe di behwa ka extractor. Hangata extractor ke centrifuge (baskete e dikolohang) e potlakisang diforeimi ka lebelo le phahameng. Matla ana a potoloho a qobella mahe a dinotshi ho tswa ho kgekge ya mahe a dinotshi. Mahe a dinotshi a se nang letho a kgutlisetswa matlwaneng a mahe a dinotshi moo dinotshi di tlosang mahe a dinotshi mme di qala ho lokisa le ho hlwekisa sele e nngwe le e nngwe. Bahlahisi ba mahe a dinotshi a tala ba ntsha mahe a dinotshi mocheso wa motswako mme ha ba sebedise centrifuge ho ntsha mahe a dinotshi.
Kamora ho tloswa ka hara kgekge ya mahae a dinotshi, mahe a mahe a dinotshi a ka nna a hlwekiswa ho tlosa boka ba dinotshi le dikarolwana tse ding tse nyenyane. Ka dinako tse ding ho futhumatsa ha metsi ho potlakisa tshebetso, empa ho tla hlahisa mahe a dinotshi a ke keng a hlaloswa e le 'mahe a dinotshi a matala. Mahe a dinotshi a ka kenngwa ka botlolong mme a leibolwa.

Dijo tsa Mahe a Dinotshi

Mahe a dinotshi a entswe ka lero mme a na le tswekere (38% fructose, 31% glucose, 5% dextrin le 1.5-3% sucrose), protheine (0.5 - 2,3%) hoo e batlang e le disebediswa tsa iron, phosphor, magnesium, calcium) hammoho le di acid tse nang le metsi a pakeng tsa 18 le 20%. Mahe a dinotshi a boetse a na le dikokwana-hloko tse ding - invertase, diastase, amylase, phosphatase - e thusang ho fokotsa mahe a dinotshi.
Mahe a dinotshi a tswang ho tloha dimeleng tse sa tshwaneng a ke ke a latsweha le ho fofonela ka tsela e fepaneng feela empa a tla fapana mefuteng ya yona. Ka mohlala, divithamine tse maheng a dinotshi (B1, B2, B, B, B, H, K, C, E, PP, provitamin A) ke tse ding tse ngata tse nang le peo e phofshwana ya mahe a dinotshi.
Phapang ya tatso e hlakile ha ho bapiswa le mahe a dinotshi a entsweng ka mohlala, dipalesa tsa citrus (tholwana ya mofuta wa lamunu e bobebe hanyane) le dipalesa tsa eucalyptus (tse nang le mmala o lefifi ka matla, hoo e batlang e na le tasto ya moriana).

Translated by Bongani Matabane