Ummango wase Richtersveld
Kule Richtersveld, Yinye yaletitjalo tetimbali !Inhlangano Yemphakatsi yakhiwa kwentela kucala kutfola indzawo kulabo lababukile be Alexcor, lekuchubekela kumahekitha latinkhulungwane letimashumi lasiphohlongo nesihlanu ngasemnceleni losekhatsi kwe Port Nolloth kanye ne Alexander Bay. Loku kwafakwa phambilini kungakabekwa lusuka lwemashumi lamatsatfu nakunye enyangeni yeNgongoni nga 1998 kwase kuchutjwa Yinkantolo Lebuke Indzawo nga 2000.Labaletsa kushukuma enkantolo ngendlela yekuncephetelisa imimango leminingi lehlukahlukene kanye nebanikati, nasingasho nje ummnango wase Richtersveld, ummango wase Kuboes, ummango wase Sanddrift, ummango wase Lekkersing, ummango wase Eksteenfontein kanye nemalunga lamadzala ase MMangweni wase Richtersveld. Ngenca yebukhona bekufunwa kwemvelo, kwkubekiwe yi Alexcor Limited kanye naHulumende wase Ningizimu Afrika.
Lababekwa licala (Alexcor kanye naHulumende) bajika yonkhe intfo lebebanayo ku Richtersveld. Kwatsiwa abasiwo ummango longiwo; nekutsi abazange ‘batfole’ lendzawo ngoba batihambi; kantsi nekutsi batfola lendzawo ngebudlova ba 1847 be Namaqualand leyawela ngaphandle kwe mtsetfo w 1913 wekujutjwa kwetinsuku. Noma nje lining laletintfo leti lingaphumeleli kutsi liwine kwesekelwa ngemajaji, lesijubo sa 2001 sabeka kutsi lesicelo asisebenti. Loku kwenteka ngoba lenkantolo yatfola kutsi lommango bowungazange ususwe kulendzawo ngaloko ke ‘umtsetfo lokhetsako’, kusukela balimi labamhlophe kanye netintfo bekungiko lokususiwe ngendlela lefanako.
Ngekutsandvwa nguMmango
Lenandlela yavuswa futsi ne Nkantolo Lenkhulu yagucula sincumo seNkantolo lebukele indzawo, kwatfolwa kutsi "lokumisa kwabo kwakukhetsa manje ngaloko kwabukwa kilo kwase kuchubeka kusuka endzaweni leshoda imphucuko, lelapho buve babo bancikeliswa, bantfu base Richtersveld bebete emalungelo kulesifundvo sendzawo". Sigaba Sesibili kule Richtersveld.Kepha iAlexcor kanye na Hulumende bavusa lelicala base batsatsa lelicala liya Nkantolo ye mtsetfo sisekelo. Le Nkantolo ye con yatfolela lommango umusa kwatsi lendzawo yagcine inikwebantfu base Richtersveld nga 2003. Iminyaka leminingi yekukhulumisana leyalandzelwa kwaze kwaba, yinyanga yaMabasa nga 2007, sivumelwano sakhokhwa emkhatsini we Alexcor kanye nemmango wase Richtersveld.
Kwatsi, emavikini ngaphambi kwenkulumo lephelele eNkantolo Yekucela Indzawo, licembu lase Richtersve lafaka sikhalo ngalesivumelwano lebesivele sesisayiniwe. Kungatsi, bekukhona tinkinga futsi kwashiwo kutsi lommango lomkhulu awuzange utsintfwa ngalendlela yalomsebenti.
Umsebenti Lomkhulu
Cishe emaviki lambalwa-ekuchachatelisa imisipha, kubukeka shengatsi kutohamba ngendlela lemise kweli pear. Kepha ngemzuzu wekugcina tinkhulumo taphumelela tachacha letinkinga futsi ngamhlaka 9 wenyanga yeMphala nga 2007, Inkantolo Lelwela Indzawo yelijaji Antonie Gildenhuys bavuma kubukisisa lenhlalo. Lokulwa ngemtsetfo kwatsatsa cishe iminyaka lelishumi kwase kubeka hulumende etigidzini temakhulu lamashumi lasihlanu, kepha bantfu base Richtersveld bababancobi.Ngekucala kwenyanga yeNgongoni nga 2007, Minista Welitiko Lemabhizinisi Alec Erwin (lobekadze anguye lobephetse kushushumbiswa kwalesikhalo) kwatso Minista Wendzaba Yetelive Lulu Xingwana wavele waniketa ngalokusemtsetfweni lemigomo yakulendzawo kubaholi base Richtersveld.
Sincumo Lesiphelele
Lesincumo lesiphelele, lesingaba ngetulu kwetigidzi tetinkhulungwane letimakhulu lamane nemashumi lamane, lesibukeka sitonika lommango tindlela letitsite tekuwubhadala ngesikhatsi kwentela lamadayimane latfolwa phambilini kulomhlaba. Kuphindze kuyabukwa ngelikusasa ngekucala litiko letemnotfo kwentela intfutfuko yelikusasa. Lokumcoka kakhulu, kungatsi, kuniketa kahle lamalungelo endzawo ebantfu base Richtersveld kwesikhatsi sekucala emlandvweni wandvulo. Ngalena ndlela, lokulwa lokusemtsetfweni kwaba ngetulu kunalemali. Kwakukunika lama Richtersveld indlela lensha yekutigcaba ngemasiko abo, futsi loku sekuchubela ekuticabuleni kwemasiko lake anganakwa kanye.Ngalamafisha, ematemu languwona eAlexcor ayalandzela: Hulumende utobuyisela emahekitha lalikhulu nemashumi layimfica nakune etinkhulungwane nemakhulu lasitfupha endzawo, kufaka emahekitha lamashumi lasiphohlongo nakune etinkhulungwane edayimane lengase mnceleni kanye nendzawana yekuvundzisa yendzawo lengase Mfuleni iOrange, lenyalo kuvikela titselo, oyster kanye nemapulazi ema ostrich. Kutophindze kunike lommango’ imali leyengetekile yekubabhadala’ lengaba tigidzi tenkhulungwane nemashumi layimfica kanye nenhlanganisela yemayini yekusebentisana, lelapho lommango utobamba kungetelela lkungu 49%. Lesivumelwano lesi asisiso lesihle njengekuvakala kwaso ngoba iAlexcor ilahlekelwe timali cishe iminyaka lembalwa. Noma kunjalo, lokucina kwalesincumo nyalo kutovumela hulumende kutsi akhulise emabhiliyoni langaba makhulu lamabili ngeluhlelo lolutsite loluningi.
kushintja/Ingucuko
Kusekuningi! Lelidolobha lelile Alexcpr lase Alexander Bay litofakwa kummango, futsi Alexcor utobhadala tigidzi tetinkhulungwane letimashumi lamane nesihlanu kwentela kuvumela basebenti bayo kutsi basale cishe iminyaka lelishumi. Kwengeta, sibonga umfutfo walabo ‘’labangavumelani’ emalunga emmango, nyalo yonkhe imigomo ye Alexcor ibhalwa ngu hulumende, ikakhulu ngekuhambisana nalendzawo ngemuva kweminyaka yemayini (lekungabita tigidzi letiningi letengetekile).Ngako, tindzaba letimnandzi ndzawo yonkhe. Kepha kahlekahle loku ‘ummango’ lototfola yonkhe lemihlomelo? Ecinisweni, kutsatfwa kwemhlaba kwekucala nje kumele kutsatfwe ngendlela ‘yeNgucuko yeTindzawo letisemakhayeni ngesento sa 1998’. Ngaphansi kwalesento, imimango ingakhona kutsatsa tincumo kumbe kuphatfwa kwaphambilini ‘kwekubekelwa ngelibala’ umhlaba kumele uhlelwe nge Nhlangano Yetetindzawo Temmango, lekuniwe masipala wendzawo, noma kuhlukaniswe bese kunikwa bantfu ngmunye ngamunye.
Likusasa Lelichakazile
Nga 2002, imimango leyehlukahlukene kulendzawo yase Richtersveld yakhetsa kufaka kuhatfwa kwalomhlaba ku CPA lekungenta kuphatfwe besekuyanakwa lomhlaba esikhundleni sebantfu. Lesijubo sasesivelwe sentiwe emnyakeni lowendlulile nje Ngayinye yetimbali !Inhlangano yemphakatsi CPA. Kufaka wonkhe lomdzala lolilunga wemadolobha omane eRichtersveld yase Eksteenfontein, Kuboes, Lekkersing kanye ne Sanddrif, lapho khona emalunga lamadzala ngulawo langetulu kweminyaka lelishumi nesiphohlongo kunoma nguliphi lidolobha iminyaka lesihlanu noma ngetulu. Lokubukwe ngule CPA kufaka imphucuko yesimo semphilo, kukhula kwetekulima, tivakashi, ematfuba ekukhula kwentsengo kwentela kusekela kwakheka kwemisebenti, litfuba lekwakheka kwemalunga emimango khona kutokwakheka tincumo letilungile esikhundleni semphakatsi’.Kuze kutfolwe konkhe loku, le CPA ihlele tinkampani letine tentsengo kutsi tinake intsengo yato. Kukhona inkampani yetekulima letokhulisa lamapulazi ngase Mfuleni we Orange. Inkampani yasendzaweni itokhona kubuyisa lomonakalo lowenteka ngetikhatsi temamayini. Inkampani lephetselene netekwakha itobukana/itonakekela kubolekisa ngetindlu eAlexander Bay. Futsi kukhona nenkampani yekumayina letonaka lo 49% wemmango lobanjwe yi Alexcor.
Lenchubekela phambili kusuka kuletinkampani letine ihamba iya ekukhuleni kwetinkampani kanye nesikhwama semphakatsi. Ngalinye lihhovisi le CPA linemholi wemmgango, munye lophuma kulinye lidolobha, kanjalo nebaholo labatimele labakhetfwa kumbe yi CPA noma labaphatsisiwe. Lommango Lowongako wase Richtersveld uphindze ubekiwe kutsi ubuke ngetekuvakasha kanye nemidlalo lengentiwa emmngweni we CPA. Ngako, likusasa libukeka lichakaza eRichtersveld.
Intfutfuko Leninganga
Kukhona intfutfuko leningana lemile eRichtersveld. Le Alexcor lesenkingeni kubonakala isatovuka futsi tinkhulumo tibanjiwe nabo De Beers kanye na Transhex kutsi kuhlanganiswe noma kucalwe inhlangano yedayimane kujuba kanye nekuchuba titjalo lekutokwenta umsebenti.Lesitjalo setimbali !Inhalngano yemphakatsi nayo ibuke enombolweni yemisebenti yekutfutfukisa lemisha. Loku kufaka kutfutfuka kwenhlalo yemmango kanye nemisebenti yesive, kubolekiswa kwetimali kwentela emabhizinisi lamancane ebantfu, kanye nesikolwa setekulima nekufuya. Vele, tivakashi tifaka kukhula lokusetulu kuloluhlelo futsi Nalokutigcina kwenta kukhule tindlela tekuvakashela, imisamo kanye nelinani letemidlalo yetivakashi. Ngako, phumela la bese uvakashela iRichtersveld. Akusiko lwati loluhle lwekuhamba, kukufakela lokukahle ekutalweni kwemmango lobowuselayinini.Translated by Phindile Malotana