Ngetulu kweNingizimu Afrika yonkhana, kukhona tindlela tekuna kwelitulu ngemvula lekhula kusuka enshonalanga kuya empumalanga. Loku kukhonjwa ngekushiyana kwemvula yeminyaka phakatsi kwe Port Nolloth lese mnceleni losenshonalanga, 50 mm, nase Richards bay, 1 000 mm, kumugca lofana losemnceleni losempumalanga.
Letintfo tendzawo lenkhulu, Sifundza saseFree State lese mpuma, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape nase Mpumalaga titfola cishe yonkhe imvula kanjalo netangcotfo, timvula letinyakatako. Letitimvula letinyakatako tiyakhula ngoba tonkhe letitindzawo tinekushisa lokwenele kwasehlobo. Ngalamafisha, lona moya lofutfumele lomantana uyaphakama, wehlele phansi, bese uyagucuka bese wehla njengesangcotfo.
Kutincenye letisenshona yeNingizimu Afrika, lokuna kwelitulu kuphansi ngoba akukho kahle bumantana kulendzawo kwentela timvula letinyakatako. Phindze, akukho imvula le orographic lemcoka leyentekako kuletintsaba letingasemaweni lasenshona. Loku kungoba umoya losuka elwandle lelibandzako awubambi bumantana ngako lemimoya yelusentselo ihhushela icondze etintsabeni. Imvula ye orographic yakheka ngesikhatsi imimoya lemantana iphoceleleka etulu kuhlangotsi lwentsaba.
Tindzawo eNingizimu Afrika Tetimvula Letiphakeme
Letimvula te orographic tetindzawo letinetintsaba tibaluleke kakhulu kwentela kunisela emapulazini lomile kuletotigodzi ngaletinye tikhatsi emakhilomitha langabalikhulu khashane. Agijime kusuka etintsabeni te Drakensberg/Maluti yase Lesotho nase Eastern Cape tiphiwa ngemathanela kuyonisela tindzawo letisenkhabeni nemfula lophansi iOrange River.
Sibonelo lesihle setimvula te orographic singabonakala eEastern Cape ngase Alice. Lelizinga lemnyaka lelise Alice kuletinyawo tetintsatjana tetiNtsaba ye Amatola lingaba ngu 500 mm, kepha etintsabeni te Wolfridge, lemvula leyehla ngemnyaka ingaba ngu 1 700 mm. lesetulu isetintsabeni te Wemmershoek ngetulu kwe Franschhoek, lapho khona lelizinga lemnyaka lekwehla kwemvula lingetulu kuna 3 000 mm.
Imimoya Lenemandla Laphansi Nemakhata Lavelako
Kwehla kwemvula lephakemee eKwaZulu-Natal nasetincenyeni letisenyakatfo-mpuma yase Eastern Cape tentiwa ngumoya-lomantana longeniswako kusuka kumoya noma emanti lanyakatako ase Mozambique. Kuyenteka imimoya lenemandla laphansi yasendzaweni leshisako ikhule noma yakheke, leletsa imvula ledzinako kanye nemanti lakha emachibi.Timvula tasebusika tase ningizimu-nshona nase ningizimu yase Kapa tiletfwa yimimoya lenemandla laphansi noma kubandza lokuvelako. Kubandza lokuvelako kufika eWestern Cape kube kuchamuka enshonalanga, bese kwengcela kulesifundza lesicondze empumalanga. Lwamakhata lavelako aletsa tinsuku tetimvula letimelula, kepha lesigaba semvula yemnyaka kuletitindzawo siphansi. Sizatfu lesikhulu setimvula letiphansi kungukutsi lomoya lomantana lochamuka kulwandle lelibandzako, lokhokha tigaba letibangugesi lophansi.
Tindlela Letibalulekile Temvula
Indlela lebaluleke kakhulu yekufundza umhlaba ngekusakateka kwemvula itfolakala kutigodzi letiphansi temifula yase Eastern Cape nase KwaZulu-Natal. Letitigodzi letishisako tinetimvula letiphansi kakhulu kunetindzawo letinkhulu letivulekile phakatsi kwato. Ngenca yetimo telitulu letiphakeme etigodzini, kukhona lizinga leliphakeme lekwatiwa, titjalo tilahlekelwa ngemanti, kushintja emantini kube ngumoya, lokudzinga kulima lokuniselwako.
Etigodzini te Mfula iSunday, lemvula yemnyaka eAddi ingaba ngu 390 mm kuphela, bese lesimo selitulu lesiphakeme eNingizimu Afrika sabhalwa eKirkwood, 55°C. phindze, ekushoneni kwe Mfula iKeiskamma kuleSigodzi lizinga lemvula eDan den Goewerneury lingaba ngu 390 mm, kepha lingu 500 mm eMiddledrift dvutane kepha ngaphandle kwesigodzi lesishonako.
Somiso Lesisemkhatsini-weluhlobo
Tindzawo letinetimvula tasehlobo tihlukanisekile nekuba naletisheshako, letisemkhatsini, letiphutako noma timvula letiyangasekupheleni kwelihlobo. Loku kukhomba lenyanga ngesikhatsi timvula tasehlobo titsatsa kuphakama hhayi ngesikhatsi timvula tasehloba ticala.
iEastern Cape lesenkhabeni iveta kuma kwelitulu lasehlobo lelibalulekile; kuphakama lokuncane ngentfwasahlobo kanye nekuphakama lokukhulu ekupheleni kwelihlobo noma ekungeneni kwelikwindla. Emkhatsini kukhona somiso seluhlobo-lolusemkhatsini. Kwehla kwemvula lephansi kanye netindzawo letiphakeme kakhulu tesimo selitulu tibeka emanti ekukhatsatekeni ngekukhula kwenhlanyelo yasehlobo.
Balimi kumele babeneluhlelo lolungemi kanye netindlela endzaweni kwentela kukala kulahlekelwa nekulinyalelwa ngulokuhlanyelwe ngesikhatsi semantic lakaliwe labanikwa wona.
Kwekufutsa lokungabonakali kungakalela kulahleka kwemanti ngekutsi kubonakale. Loku kungadula futsi kungaba netintfo letingavumi, kufana nekuncipha kwe photosynthesis. Etimeni letimatima, tihlahla tingajutjwa tiya emuva kwentela kunciphisa indzawo yemacembe kanye nekukala kubonalakala. Loku kwentiwa etingadzeni tetitselo letinongotelako endzaweni yase Letsitele ngesikhatsi sesomiso lesimatima semnyaka wa 1980.
Translated by Phindile Malotana