Izulu elinengi elina eSewula Africa ehlobo ngoSinyikhaba ukuya ngoNtaka lokha esifundeni se-Western Cape sithola izulu layo elinengi ebusika ngoMrhayili ukuya kuRhoboyi. Eencenyeni ezinengi zeSewula Africa, kunephetheni yezulu elingezelelekako ukusuka epumalanga ukuya etjingalanga. Lokhu kukhonjiswa ngomehluko wezulu hlangana kwe-Port Nolloth etlhagwini, ekuyi-50 mm kanye ne-Richards Bay, 1 000 mm, emudeni ofanako etlhagwini.
I-plateu ephakathi, esesifundeni sange-Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape kanye ne Mpumalanga ezithola izulu elinengi elinemibani, izulu elinamandla livela ngebanga lokobana zoke iindawezi zitjhisa khulu ehlobo. Ngokufitjhani, umoya ofuthumeleko onobuswe uyaphakama, uphole, okutjhuguluka kube mibani.
Eencenyeni ezisetjingalanga zeSewula Africa, izulu alini khulu ngebanga lokobana akunabuswe obaneleko emoyeni obenza bona izulu line. God, awukho umhlobo wezulu i-orographic rain entabeni eziku-escarpment. Lokhu kubangelwa kukobana umoya osuka elwandle omakhaza awubambi ubuswe obunengi begodu imimoya yetlhagwini iphephetha idlule eentabeni. Izulu lomhlobo we-Orographic lenzeka lokha umoya onebuswe ukateleleka kobana uye encenyeni yentaba.
Iindawo Ezinezulu Eliphezulu eSewula Africa
Izulu elinengi eSewula Africa lenzeka eentabeni ezisefundeni sepumalanga kanye nesetjingalanga ezifana ne-Drakensberg,ye-Limpopo, e-Mpumalanga kanye ne-KwaZulu-Natal zesifunda se-Eastern Cape. Hlangana kwezinye iintaba ezinezulu eliphezulu ku-Outeniqua Mountain, iintaba zesifunda se-South Western Cape kanye ne-Winterberg kanye nentaba ze-matola eencenyeni eziphakathi ze-Eastern Cape. Izulu eliphezulu eentabeni libangwa yizulu lomhlobo we-orographic.
Izulu lomhlobo we-orographic elisendaweni ezisentabeni liqakatheke khulu ekutheleleleni iimfunda ekulinywa kizo ezolmileko ngesinye isikhathi lize lifike emakhulwini wamakhilomitha. Amanzi wezulu agijimako abuya eentabeni zeMaluti nanyana ze-Drankensberg eLesotho kanye nesifundeni se-Eastern Cape zisebenzisa amathaneli athola manzi athelelela iindawo eziphakathi neziphasi zedamini le-Orange River.
Isibonelo esihle sezulu lomhlobo we-orographic singabonwa eencenyeni ze-Eastern Cape eduze kwe-Alice. Izulu elina eentabeni zeMatola liyi-500 mm, kodwana izulu elina ngonyaka eentabeni ze-Wolfridge liyi-1 700 mm.Lina khulu eentabeni ze-Wemmershoek e-Franschhoek, lapha ngonyaka lina nge-3 000 mm.
Ama-Cyclones Kanye Nama-Cold Front
Ronlomoya onobuswe olethwa mumoya weMozambique. Ngesinye iskhathi imimoya iyathoma begodu iletha izulu elimbi kanye nenkhukhula.
Izulu lebusika lepumalanga kanye neletjonalanga yeKapa lilethwe ma-cyclone nanyana yi-cold front ebuya esifundeni se-Western Cape iphuma etjingalanga, idlule esifundenesi iya epumalanga. Ama-cold front la aletha izulu elithambileko, kodwana izulu elitholakala ngonyala eendawenezi alisilinengi. Unobangela omkhulu walokhu kukobana umoya onobuswe ubuya elwandle elimakhaza, elirholela ekutheni kube namaleveli aphasi wokuphela kwamanzi aqedwa lilanga.
Amaphethini Akhethekileko Wezulu
Iinkhisi ezitjhingelako
Iphetheni yezulu lejiyografi eliqakatheke belakhetheka elisatjalaliswa ngephethini etholwa eenkhisini zemilambo ezitjhingelako zesifunda se-Eastern Cape kanye neKwaZulu-Natal. Iinkhisi ezitjhisako zinezinga eliphasi kunelendawo ze-pateu ezihlangana nazo. Ngebanga lamazinga aphezulu asenkhisini, kunezinga eliphezulu le-transpiration elitlhoga zelimo ezithelelelwako.
E-Sundays River Valley, izulu elina ngonyaka e-Addo liyi-390 mm, begodu ubujamo bezulu obuphezulu eSewula-Africa larikhodwa e-Kirkwood, 55ºC. Godu emlanjeni we-Keiskamma izulu ngonyaka e-Goewerneury liyi-390 mm, kodwana e-Middledrift liyi-500 mm, eduze kodwana ngaphandle kwenkhisi ezitjhingelako.
Isomiso esiphakathi kwehlobo
Iindawo ezina izulu ehlobo zihlukaniswe ngokobana kunezulu, elina msinya, lada nanyana lada khulu ehlobo. Lokhu kutjengisa inyanga lapha izulu lehlobo nalikhuphukako kungasi lokha nakuthoma izulu lehlobo. Isifunda –Eastern Cape siveza iphetheni ekhethekileko yezulu lehlobo, likhuphuka kancani etwasahlobo bese likhula khulu lada ehlobo kanye nangesiruthwana nasithomako.
Hlangana nalokho kunesomiso lokha ihlobo naliphakathi. Amazinga aphasi kanye namazinga aphezulu enza bona iintjalo zigandelelekwe ngokomkhumbulo.
Abalimi kutlhogeka babe namano wokunciphisa ukuloba kanye nomonakalo owenzeka eentjalweni ngeskhathi lokha amanzi atlhogakala. Kungasetjenziswa iimpreyi ukunciphisa ukobana amanzi onakale. Lokhu kungabiza begodu kube nemithelela emimbi efana nokuphunguka kwe-photosynthesis. Ebujameni obumbi khulu, imithi ingasikwa ukunciphisa indawo enamakari. Lokhu kungenziwa emasimini wamalamula endaweni ye-Letsitele lokha kunesomiso esikhulu ngeminyaka yabo-1980.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana