Ema mulberries kucatjangwa kutsi avela eChina, eJapan nase Himalayan Foothill. Letihlahla tihambisana nelisiko (umkhicito loshelelako), nekushelela kwase China lokusuka ku cocoons lesemahlatsini njengekuya emuva kuya kuminyaka letinkhulungwane letine nemakhulu lasihlanu phambilini. Fundza kabanti ngelisiko le seru lapha.
Tihlahla tema mulberry betisolo titsandzelwa lejusi yetitselo tato kanye netintfo temitsi. eAsia, balimi bebasolo basebentisa lamacembe njengekudla kwetilwane, intfo lebeyentiswa yasakatwa eAfrika, eLatin nase Central America, nale Caribbean kusuka ekupheleni kwemnyaka wa 1980.
Lesigodvo sisetjentiswa ekwakheni kwekuhlobisa etindlini, emabhasikidi lalukiwe ngisho netintfo tetekudlala emaveni lafana nase India neligcolo letinhlobo letifanako letinye. Tinhlbo letitsite tiyasetjentiswa ekwakheni emaphepha.
Umkhicito wangaPhesheya
iChina nguyona ndzawo lenkhulu yemkhicito wema mulberry, ilandzelwe yi India. Tisindvo letincane tikhokhwa emaveni lafana ne Thailand kanye ne Brazil.
Umkhicito waseNdzaweni
Emacembu lamaningi lahlukene asatfuliwe eNingizimu Afrika kusuka eIndonesia, eThailand, nase Taiwan kusuka ngemnyaka wa 1600. Kucabanga kusungula litiko letintfo letishelelako ngemnyaka wa 1726 ngesikhatsi ema Dutch ase East India kuleyo Nkampani aletsa tibungu letishelelako kulelive. Njengekutsi, lokushelelako kwetfulwa tiboshwa futsi kwakukadze kukhona nekufuna kusungula umsebenti wamahhala wetigcila dvute ne Stellenbosch.
Ngemnyaka wa 1881 licembu lema Taliyani lamashumi lamatsatfu labuke kwesintfu aletfwa eNingizimu Afrika, kutsi atocala litiko lalokushelelako eGouna dvute ne Knysna lese Western Cape. Letihambi tatiphetfwe kutsi titokhona kusungula lilungelo lekulima, kepha natifika tatfola kutsi kute tihlahla temamulberry emahlatsini ase Gouna. Ekugcineni, kwadzinga kutsi tibuyele ekulimeni kanye nasekujubeni tigodvo kuze tiphile. Letihlahla tema mulberry letalinywa taphindze tangaphili sikhatsi lesidze ngenca yesimo lesibi sekukhicita.
Kakhulu muva emnyakeni wa 1980, Litiko Letekulima lacala umsebenti wesericulture eMpumalanga, ngesikhatsi lapho tinhlobo letatanywa tentiwa ngetihlahla letehlukene temamulberry. Lomsebenti wafihlwa ngemnyaka wa 1994 ngesikhatsi hulumende ema kukhokhela imali yalomsebenti ngoba kwakubita kakhulu kantsi kuletsa imali lephansi.
Umkhicito
Ema mulberry akhula kahle etindzaweni lapho khona kute tinkinga letinkhulu tesimo selitulu. Aphindze adzinge emanti lamaningi, ngakoke kuncono kuhlanyela etindzaweni letinesimo selitulu lesiphakeme.
Le mulberry lemhlophe nayo iyaphambatisana kantsi futsi ingeke seyiphindze ihlanyelwe ngaphandle kwemvumo. Umkhicito wemamulberry iphindze iphakeme ngemsebenti kusukela onkhe emagungumence kumele akhiwe ngesikhatsi lesingiso. Umkhicito ngekwenta ucishe ungaphili, netintfo letiningi letibonwa etitolo kutsi tingahle tihanjiwe noma tiletfwe kusuka etihlahleni letimbalwa letingahle tiphile emapulazini asendzaweni.
Linye lemapulazi leselisele lesericulture kulelive lisendzaweni yase Limpopo dvute ne Hoedspruit. Lelipulazi libe nemahekitha langaba sitfupha ngaphansi kwemkhicito wemnyaka wa 2019, kepha tonkhe letihlahla tivame kuncutfwa tibe tihlahla letimfisha, njengasengomeni “Lana Sigegeletela leliHlatsi le Mulberry’’ kwentela kunciphisa kunakekela kanye nekuvuna. Letihlahla ngekusebenta tikhokha sisindvo lesincane setitselo letincane. Lamacembe akasetjentiselwa kupha tibungu kepha kuphindze kunikwe tingulube.
Njengoba kushiwo ku Silk yase Afrika, Ronel Swart, utsi kute tihlahla lensha letihlanyelwe kusuka lelipulazi lisunguliwe ngemnyaka wa 1994 ngenca yesimo saletihlahla.
Sikhatsi Semkhicito
Ema mulberries titselo tasehlobo, letivutfwa kusuka ekupheleni kwesikhatsi sentfwasahlobo.
Tinhlobonhlobo
Liningi letinhlobonhlobo liyaphila. Letinhlobo letincane letikhicitwa ku Silk yase Afrika yi Noi kanye ne Thai Sang, lokwangeniswa kusuka eThailand kepha kwaphindze kakhula eTaiwan. Lobuhle baletinhlobo kungukutsi atikhokhi timbale letiningi kanye nemagungumence, ngako ungenti umonakalo kutimbali tendzawo.
Tiphindze tikhokhe lenhlobo ye Waterkloof, lengasetjentiswa kukhokha emagungumence kepha akhokha titselo letincane ngenca yaletihlahla letincutfwa kutsi tiphe lamacembe hhayi umkhicito wemagungumence.
Kutsengisa
Ema mulberry lambalwa atsengiswa eNingizimu Afrika, nesitoko lesiningi lesikhona lesingeniswako noma lesivunwako kusuka kuletihlahla letingalinywa.
Kusetjentiswa
Ema mulberry akudla lokunemandla, lokuvutsiwe ngemavitamin, emamineral, ifibre, kungashishi kanye ne antioxidant.
Angatsandvwa asemasha, asetjentiswe nakubhakwa, afakwe efrigini aze ome noma akhiwe kutsi asetjentiswe ekudleni kwekugcina, kumajusi, kumatiya, kumayoghurts kanye nakujamu. Lamaprotein esilk aphindze atfolwe ku pharmaceutical, ku prosthetics kanye nasematikweni emafutsa ekugcobisa.
Translated by Phindile Malotana