Ama-aquaponics yihlanganisela yokufuywa kwemfesi kanye nokutjalwa kwentjalo, ezifana namakhambi kanye nemirorho. Ekungararulula itlhogakalo yokudla bekulethe nenzuzo ebalimini abatjha beSewula Africa.
Iintjalo zitjalwa emasistimini amabili ekuyi-hydroponic kanye ne-aquaponic, lokha imirabhu nayihlangana namanzi onakeleko. Amanye onakeleko abuya ematankeni lapha iimfesi ezikhuliswa emanzini afretjhi, begodu ngemva kokobana imirabhu yentjalo idose izakhimzimba yazibeka, amanzi lawo abuyiselwa ematankeni wemfesi.
Iindlela Zokwenza Ama-Aquaponics
Ekulandelako zindlela zama-aquaponic:
I-Deepwater Raft Aquaponics
Esistimini le, iintjalo zitjalwa ku-polystyrene raft etjhingela nge-30 ukuya ku-40 cm emibhedeni yamanzi.
Ubuhle besistimu le kukobana umtjhiso wamanzi awulingani kanye ne-pH, kodwana ubumbi bayo kukobana kutlhogeka isefo sebhawuloji esingezelelweko ukobana i-ammonia iphuke.
I-Closed Loop Aquaponics
Isistimu le yaziwa ngemodeli ekhulako yamandla, i-aquaponic system isebenzisa imincamo yedaka. Iintjalo zitjalwa emumathini ezizala amanzi ziphalake amanzi abuya ematankeni we-aqualture. Indlela le isebenza kuhle eentjalweni ezirharhabako ezifana nama-strawberry, amatamati, kanye nama-granadilla.
Ama-Reciprocal Aquaponics
Imincamo yedaka esetjenziswa emumathini ezizele zaphalaka ezoma amanzi kwaphela lokha amanzi nakafika elevelini ethize. Ihlabathi edosa amanzi iqakathekile ukukhandela imirabhu iintjalo ukobana ihlale ngaphasi kwamanzi. Lokhu kukhandela imirabhu ekutheni ingaboli. Imirabhu edosa amanzi ngamareyi wamadreyini. Iindlela ze-aquaponic lezi zaziwa ngokobana ma-‘flood and drain’ or ‘ebb and drain’ aquaponics Iindlela ze-aquaponic zaziwa njengenkhukhula zamadreyini nanyana i-drain aquaponic. Le yisistimu ehle yabafuyi abasathomako begodu kulula ukuyitlhogomela, begodu kungakhiqizwa inani elinengi lentjalo. Lisebenza kuhle eentjalweni ezitlhoga ukutlhogonyelwa ezifana namatamati, imigade kanye nama-cucumber.
Amanye Amasistimu we-Aquaponics
Isistimu eyenziwe ngamaphayiphi ehlako athola amanzi phezulu amanzi avela kuma-rivulet. Iintjalo zitjalwa emilonyeni yamaphayiphu. Iindlela zezekhimzimbezi zinamashaneli asebenza amaphayiphini ehleko weplayisitiki afana namagadasi avulekiko wemumathi. Amanzi abanjwa emumathini ezilenga emagadasini. Amadromu weplayistiki ayi-200 yamalitha, avulwa phakathi azaliswe ngamanzi, lapha i-polystyrene izokurhona ukuthaya khona.
Ama-Aquaponics Wabalimi Abatjha
Irhonakalo lokufaka ithekunoloji ye-aquaponi zinengi. Ingenziwa endaweni ezingalinganiko ngobukhulu, ezisetjenziselwa iitlhogeko ezingafaniko, lapha abalimi abatjha balimela khona umndeni nanyana lapha kulinywa khona ngobunengi ngehloso yokwenza inzuzo.
I-aquaponic ingenziwa endaweni encani, efana nangemva lapha kutjalwa khona ukudla okufretjhi abakudla emakhaya. Ifesi yomhlobo we-Carp, tilapia nanyana i-catfish ingasetjenziswa emanzini ayi-500 litha wamatanka wefesi.Iindlela ze-reciprocal aquaponic nanyana imibhede ehlangana nendawo ekuphakanyiswa bona abafuyi abatjha bayisebenzise.
I-Aquaponics technology ifaneleka ukusetjenziswa bafuyi abatjha ngamabanga ahlukileko ambalwa:
Ingathoma yenziwe ehlabathini encani ikhuliswe lada.
Ayitlhogi abasebenzi abanengi.
Ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa imethiriyali engabiziko.
Akufuneki ihlabathi evundileko nanyana amanzi amanengi.
I-aquaponic ehlangana nendawo ifaneleka lokha nakukhiqizwa imikhiqizo efretjhi emphakathini, lapha kufana neskolweni, emakhaya ekuhlala abantu abalupheleko, iindaweni zokudla nanyana emahotela. I-aquaponic ingenziwa eendaweni ekulu ekulinywa ngehloso yokwenza inzuzo nanyana endaweni lapha abantu bazilimela khona emakhaya.
Ubuhlobo hlangana nobunengi bemfesi nanyana iintjalo buya ngokobana ifesi iphiwa ikhwalithi enjani yokudla, imihlobo yemfesi kanye nomhlobo wentjalo osetjenziswako. Iintjalo ezikhula ziye phezulu kanye nentjalo ezikhipha iinthelo zitlhoga izakhimzimba ezincibilikileko.
Utlhoga ilwazi lokusebenzisa imitjhini ngaphambi kokobana uthome ukwenza nanyana ngimuphi umhlobo wokulima nge-aquaponic. Njeke kuphakanyiswa kobana abalimi abatjha bathome ngokuthola iimfundobandulo zokulima ngendlela le ngaphambi kokobana bathome.
Iindleko Zokwenza Isistimu ye-Aquaponics
Enye nenye isistimu ye-aquaponic inobumbi nobuhle. Iindleko zokwenza amasistimu we-aquaponic ziya ngokobana isistimu leyo ingangani, nokobana yakheke njani kanye nomhlobo wemethiriyali ezokusetjenziswa. Ziyahluka zingabahlangana kwe-R 1 000 yenkulungwani zamaranda eendaweni zokulima ezikulu.
Imaraga Yokuthengisa Imikhiqizo ye-Aquaponics
Kungazwakala Inga sele kukhulunywe kanengi, kodwana isitjho esithi imaraga ingiyo yoke into liqiniso lokha nakulinywako, ngiyo eyenza bona woke amabubulo wezolimo aphumelele.Funda imaraga ngokwenza irhubhululo ngaphambi kokobana uthome ukulima. Khuluma nabantu abangakuthengela uthole bona batlhogani. Thola imihlobo yentjalo ongayitjala, nanyana imihlobo yemfesi ongayifuya, kanye nentlhogeko zazo, ukwenza Isibonelo, kobana kutlhogeka ezingangani ngokobana zikhula kuhle ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Nange kurhonakala, yenza iinkotraga zemaraga nabathengi.
Kumbono omuhle ukuba nemihlobo eminengi yemikhiqizo kunokobana ube namunye, ukwenza Isibonelo imihlobo yama-lettuce iyahluka kanye nemihlobo yamakhambi. Tjheja iintjalo zekhwalithi ephezulu ezifana namakhambi afretjhi, ama-berry kanye nebilibili imikhiqizo le iletha inzuzo enengi.
Imihlobo yemfesi esetjenziswa nakwenza i-aquaponic iya ngokobana mihlobo enjani yentjalo ovunyelwe ukobana ube nayo ebhodulukweni lakho. Thola bona zokutlhogomelwa kwemvelo zesifundeni sakho zisebenzisa miphi imihlobo ye-aquaponic lokha nakulinywako eSewula Africa. Kuvamise bona ifake hlangana umhlobo wefesi-bream, catfish, carp kanye nomhlobo wefesi i-ornamental fish.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana