Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokulima Kwezinhlanzi
Kunezici ezintathu ezibalulekile ngaphambi kokuqala ngokuzibandakanya okunjalo kwamanzi. Umlimi omusha wezinhlanzi uzodinga:Uhlelo lwebhizinisi
Umklamo wokwakha
Uhlelo lokusebenza
Ngeshwa, lolu lwazi lokuhlela luvame ukutholakala kubantu noma emithonjeni ehlinzeka ngolwazi oluphelelwe yisikhathi noma olungalungile nedatha. Izikhathi ezingenakubalwa izinhlangano zokuphromotha ezihloswe kahle ziphinda zaphutha amaphutha okuhluleka kwamanzi ama-1960. Futhi amaphrojekthi amasha ahluleka futhi.
E-Afrika yonke, sithola amachibi amancane, agcwele amanzi acacile, angajulile, anenqwaba yezintambo zomunwe wezizukulwane ezingaziwa. Ukondla izinhlanzi kulezi zinhlelo kuvame ukulingana, ukuphathwa cishe kungekho futhi ngesikhathi lapho amaphrojekthi ehluleka, inhlangano elulekisayo isiphelile.
Ikomidi Elizimele
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamanzi asezindaweni zasemaphandleni kudinga ukuzibophezela okuqinile nguhulumeni kanye nezinye izinhlaka zokuphromotha ukusebenzisa amakhono omkhakha ozimele. Umkhakha wangasese ungasiza ekwakheni izinhlelo zebhizinisi, imiklamo yepulazi kanye nokuqeqesha abalimi abasha bezinhlanzi.Kukhona ukulima kwezinhlanzi okunamandla futhi kusetshenziswa emazweni afana neChina, eThailand, Indonesia, eBangladesh futhi ngokuqhubekayo emaphandleni aseNingizimu naseCentral America. Lezi zifama eziphumelelayo zezinhlanzi zisebenzisa izimbiza zomhlaba ezikhuliswe futhi ezidlayo. Lezi zimachibi zomhlaba zinamagugu asemqoka ekwenzeni impumelelo yasemaphandleni yasemaphandleni: ingozi encane, ukuxhomeka kwamandla amancane, ukufuna amakhono aphansi kanye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu, okhiqiza amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-18 ngehektare ngalinye. Lolu hlelo lokulima lwezinhlanzi lunomlando wokukopisha kalula ongalandelwa futhi uphinde ulandelwe eNingizimu Afrika. Imiklamo ye-aquaculture ilula kodwa ihlakaniphile futhi ayinakuqala nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Ukuqapha okuqakathekileko kufanele kufakwe emkhatsini wemikhumbi yangempela yamanzi, ukwakhiwa kwamachibi womhlaba, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi, ukubeka isitjheji nokufaka umanyolo wamanzi, ukuvumela ukukhula kokudla kweentlanzi zemvelo. Ukwaziswa kwezolimo zokudoba ukudoba kwezilwandle nakho kuyatholakala kalula.
Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabalimi Abasha Bezinhlanzi
Kunconywa ukuthi ukugqugquzelwa kwamanzi asezindaweni zasemaphandleni kugxile ekuxhasweni kwezingxenye ezimele zezokuboniswa kanye nokuqeqesha izinhlanzi zokudoba izinhlanzi. Lezi zakhiwo akufanele zibe tech high, izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi.Izakhiwo zokuqeqesha abalimi abasha bezinhlanzi akufanele zibe ezindaweni ezikude nezidingo zemiphakathi yasemaphandleni noma ezimweni eziqhelile kude nesimo sezulu esifudumele esidingekayo. Esikhundleni salokho, izakhiwo zokubonisa zingase zibe khona lapho kudingeka khona, ezindaweni ezihlala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Lezi zakhiwo kumele zifane nalabo abahlala emaphandleni abazodinga ukwakha ukuphumelela kumaphrojekthi abo.
Izinhlelo zebhizinisi ezisekelwe kulezi zentuthuko eziphumelelayo ziyokwenyuka kalula imali ekhona kunezame ukuzithola izimali ngokusekelwe kwezobuchwepheshe obubucayi obunzima futhi obungavumelekile bokubuyiselwa kwe-Aquaculture Systems (RAS), ngokuvamile okwamanje kumkhakha wokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa, ngaphandle komlando wamanje obonakalayo wempumelelo.
Izindaba eziphumelelayo zokulima izinhlanzi zikhona lapho, njalo e-Asia, kodwa ngokuya manje nase-Afrika, ikakhulukazi eZambia. Sidinga ukuyikopisha.Translated by Nsika Khoza