Swimilani swa Ximumu eAfrika Dzonga

© Louise Brodie

Swimilani swa ximumu swa nkoka i mavele, tinyawa, sunflower seed, timanga na n’wa huva.

Mavele

©Louise Brodie
Mavele i xin’wana xa swibyariwa swa ximumj leswi humelerisiwaka e Afrika Dzonga, tani hileswi mavele yobasa yanga wona hi dyaka wona masiku hinkwawo naswona lawa ya xitshopani hi wona ya tisaka matimba eka swakudya swa tihuku xikan’we na vuhumelerisi bya masi.
Ehansi ka swiyimo swa maxelo ya ntolovelo, kutlula kuringanela ka mavele ya humelerisiwa ku fikelela mphakelo wa laha kaya kutani kusala lawa ya xaviseriwa matiko yan’wana ya Afrika yotani hi Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique na Angola, xikan’we na yan’wana matiko yotani hi Japan, Iran, Kenya na Venezuela.
Mavele yotala ya Afrika Dzonga ya humelelrisiwa laha kungana timpfula ta ximumu, laha xifundzha xa Free State xitalaka kuva na hafu ya nhlayo ya mavele lawa ya humelerisiwaka kuya hi swiyimo swa maxelo xikan’we na swiyimo swa ti makete, ku landzela xifundzha xa North West na Mpumalanga. Gauteng na KwaZulu-Natal naswona swi humelerisa nhlayo leyi vonakaka.

Tinyawa

©Courtesy of National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff. Des Moines, IA USA
Afrika Dzonga ri xavisela matiko mambe nhlayo yale henhla ya tinyawa kufikelela nhlayo leyi kulaka ya swilaveko swa swakudya swa swifuwo, leswinga vangiwa hi kukula ka swilaveko swa swakudya leswingana ti protein tale henhla kusuka eka xiyenge xohlawuleka xa vaaki va tiko.
Kuhumelerisa swi engetelelekile hikwalomu ka 15% na 20% hi lembe exikarhi ka 2009 na 2019 hikwalaho ka vuvekisi lebyinga eka kukandziwa ka tinyawa ta laha kaya, kuya hiva Bureau for Food and Agriculture Policy, naswona kulanguteriwe ku tlakuka hikwalomu ka 2,9% hi lembe kufika eka 962 wa magidi wa ti hectares hi 2027.
Tinhlayo tintsongo ta humelerisiwa etikweni hinkwaro, laha totala tihumaka e xifundzheni xa Free State na Mpumalanga laha kungana timpfula ta ximumu.

Mbewu ya Sunflower

©Louise Brodie
Sunflowers hi swin’wana leswi dyiwaka swihumesaka mafurha e tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga, loko ti oil cake titirhisiwa tani hi mphamelo wati protein eka swifuwo. Grain SA yi swi hlamusela tani hi swakudya swakahle swinene, hi vuswikoti byaku kula eka misava yintsongo naswona yikota ku kondzelela gwitsi leri hatlaka rifika. Yitlhela yiva na nkarhi wuntsongo wa nguva yakukula kutlula mavele, se yinga byariwa endzhaku nyana loko swikoteka hinkarhi wa maxelo yo biha.
Yitala ku byariwa eka tindzhawu leti kungana timpfula ta ximumu, laha kungana tinhlayo tale henhla leti humaka e xifundzheni xa Free State, ku landzela North West na Limpopo. Akuna ti sunflowers leti humelerisiwaka exifundzeni xa Western Cape na KwaZulu-Natal.

Timanga

Afrika dzonga i tiko leri landzelaka ku xavisela matiko yale handle timanga, kambe hi lembe ri xava eka matiko yale handle ku fana na leswi ri xavisaka xiswona hi lembe. Mafurha kusuka eka timanga (peanuts) yanga tirhisiwa eka kusweka, ku endla peanut butter kumbe switirhisiwa swo basisa, loko oil cake yitirhisiwa eka swakudya swa swifuwo, swo nonisa misava, antibiotics kumbe ku endla glue.
Timaga tina nkoka tani hiku tisa swakudya e KwaZulu-Natal na Mpumalanga. Switala ku humelerisiwa eka tindzhawini tale vupela dyambu laha kunaka timpfula hi ximumu, laha vuhumelerisi byotala byi sukaka e xifundzheni xa Free State na North West.
Kutlula ti kota tinharhu ta vuhumelerisi eka misava yo oma hikokwalaho ka kudurha ka ncheleto. Tinhlayo tale hansi taha humelerisiwa e xifundzheni xa Northern Cape na Limpopo.

N’wa Huva

©Grain SA
Kutlakuka ka mahiselo switise ntsakelo lowukulu swinene wa n’wahuva, hikokwalaho ka kutsindziyela ka swibyariwa leswi, kukota kukondzelela dyandza xikan’we nakuka wunga lavi mati yotala loko swipimanyisiwa na mavele. N’wahuva wuna switirhisiwa swotala eka swakudya xikan’we na swinwiwa, leswingana swakudya leswi fanaka kufana na tindzoho letin’wana.
N’wahuva wotala wa Afrika Dzonga wu humelerisiwa eka tindzhawu letingana timpfula hi ximumu, laha xifundzha xa Limpopo xingana kwalomu ka hafu ya ndzhawu leyinga ehansi ka vuhumelerisi. Tinhlayo tale henhla tihumelerisiwa e North West, Free State nale Mpumalanga.

Ti Nyawa to Oma

Afrika Dzonga ayi humelerisi tinyawa to oma to ringanela kuya hileswi tilavekisaka xiswona. Tinhlayo totala ti xaviwa kusuka eka matiko yale handle kufana na China lembe rin’wana na rin’wana. Ti legumes leti atova ntsena swakudya leswi phamelaka swakudya swofana nati protein na fibre kutani swivonaka tani hi swakudya leswi tekaka ndzhawu ya nyama, kambe ku cinca cinciwa ka swibyariwa leswi pfunaka van’wamapurasi ku antswisa rihanyo ra misava xikan’we nakuva na vuhumelerisi byo hambana hambana xikan’we na makhombo ya ti makete.
Tinyawa to oma ti humelerisiwa e tikweni hinkwaro, laha totala tihumelerisiwaka e Free State, North West, Limpopo na Mpumalanga eka tindzhawu letingana timpfula ta ximumu.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni