Ndlela yo Fuwa Catfish

©Marinda Louw

Ku fuyiwa ka catfish e Afrika Dzonga swina matimba yaku humelela, kambe van’wamapurasi vantshwa va aquaculture vafanele kuva na kungu ra kahle swinene ravunavetisi loko vanga se sungula bindzu leri.

Maendlelo yo Fuwa Catfish

©Marinda Louw

Hikokwalaho ka vuswikoti byo tirhisa moya hitoxe tani hi moya lowu ti hefenulaka wona, xikan’we naku kondzelela hambi mati yari ya khwalithi yale hansi lawa yanga tisaka ntshikelelo eka tinxaka tin’wana ta tihlampfi leti nyenyelaka, catfish yinga fuyiwa na laha tinga tlimbana kona. Rixaka leri kuya hi ndzhavuko ritsakela laha ku hisaka naswona rikula kahle swinene eka mati lawa mahiselo yawona yanga eka 28°C. Eka xiyimo lexi hisaka tifuyiwa eka mathangi lawa yanga endliwa hi concrete naswona mati ya cinciwa ku cheriwa mati yantshwa masiku hinkwawo leswaku ku tiyisisiwa khwalithi ya kahle ya mati.

Eka maxelo lawa ya cinca cincaka, kufana nale Europe nalaha Afrika Dzong, catfish tihlayisiwa endzeni kati greenhouse tunnel kumbe e warehouse, kutani mahiselo ya tiyisisiwa hiku tirhisa tipompo to hisa ta gezi kumbe swovirisa mati. Mati ya jikajikisiwa hilaha kunga heriki exikarhi ka mathangi kutani ku tirhisiwa ti filters ku humesa thyaka ra tihlampfi xikan’we nakuva ti ricinca. Switirhisiwa leswi endliweke kahle swa recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) swikota kuhumelerisa 1 ton ya tihlampfi hi 30 m2 hi nhweti!

Kutirhisiwa kati green water ponds aswilulamelanga eka vufuwi bya catfish e Afrika Dzonga tani hileswi maxelo ya titimelaka swinene kuva tikula kahle eka lembe hinkwaro. Eka ndzhawu yin’wana na yin’wana laha mahiselo ya lawuriwaka yangava ya lulamerile ku humelerisa catfish.
Ku lawula mahiselo, khwalithi ya kahle ya mati, swakudya swa kahle xikan’we na vulawuri bya kahle hiswona swilo swankoka leswi lavekaka eka vufuwi bya catfish. Switlhela swiva na nkoka swinene kutiva leswaku mphakelo wa matimba wa nkarhi hinkwawo wa laveka tani hileswi catfish yingataka yinga fuweki handle kaloko kuri na matimbe (gezi).

Switeji Swokula swa Catfish

©Leslie Ter Morshuizen

Ehandle ka kuva yiri hlampfi leyi tikaka swinene kuyi fuwa, catfish leswi hlamarisaka hileswaku ayi tiyelangi ngopfu ngopfu loko yaha ku tlhotlhoriwa.
Vutomi eka ndzhawu ya nhlayiselo byi sungula eka ndzhawu yo tlhotlhorela eka yona laha ti catfish letikulu ti pfuniwaka kuva ti tshikela matandza na ngati ya xinuna. Leswi kutani swa katsiwa hi mufambisi kutani aswiveka eka thangi leswaku matandza yata tlhotlhoriwa. Matandza ya catfish ya chava swinene kuvonakala, mathangi ya funengetiwa hi lapi leringata endla ndzhuti kumbe mazingi yati plastiki kutiyisisa leswaku matandza na swihlampfani swiri eka ndzhawu leyinga dzwihala.

Ti catfish ti endla swilo hinkwaswo hiku hatlisa hambi kuri kutshikela; matandza yata tlhotlhoriwa endzhaku ka 24 wa ti awara endzhaku ko tshikeriwa. Ti fry titirhisa ti yolk sacs tatona kuringana 48 wa tiawra lok tingase sungula kudya ehandle rosungula. Hinkarhi lowu, ti fry tita phameriwa nkatsakanyo wa swakudya swa ntumbuluko na leswi xaviweke, leswingata endla leswaku kukula swihatlisa swinene.
Tani hileswi ti catfish tidyananaka hitoxe tilava leswaku tivekiwa kuya hi vukulu kutiyisisa leswaku thnagi rin’we rina swihlampfani leswi ringanaka hivukulu, ehandle ka swona letikulu tita dya letintsongo.

Kukulela eka nhlayiso swa hatlisa swinene laha catfish yifikelelaka eka 1 kg hi ntsevu wa tinhweti endzhaku kaku tlhotlhoriwa kutani 2 kg loko toro eka nhungu wa tinhweti. Ku hatlisisa kukula loku ti phameriwa swakudya swa xiyimo xale henhla. Swakudya leswi swifana na ti pellets ta timbyana naswona tina soya, mavele, koroni na swakudya swa swiharhi (blood, bone, poultry, etc) xikan’we na nkatsakanyo wati vitamin na timinerali. Khombo nkateko, hileswaku kuna tifeme timbirhi e Afrika Dzonga leti tumbuluxaka swakudya swa catfish naswona tihakelo ta swakudya leswi tile henhla swinene, ti endla kwalomu ka 2/3s wa tihakelo to kurisa tihlampfi.

Ku Xavisiwa ka Catfish

Hambi leswi xiyenge xaku tlhotlhorisa xihluphaka swinene, xiganga xikulu swinene xa n’wamapurasi loyi a fuwaka catfish kuva a xigonya ikuva a maketa hindlela leyi humelelaka tihlampfi loko se ti fikelele ntiko lowu ti xavisiwaka hi wona. Eka RAS unga khoma tihlampfi masiku hinkwawo, vhiki na vhiki kumbe nhweti na nhweti tani hileswi vuhumelerisi byiyaka emahlweni. Catfish yitala kuva yixavisiwa loko yitika 1 kg, loko yinga tsemeleriwangi ntsena. Catfish yinga tsemeleriwa eka timakete leti yikalaka kambe yitekiwa yidurha swinene eka timakete ta ntolovelo.

Laha e Dzongeni wa Afrika, nyama leyi yo vevuka no rhetela ya catfish ayi se fikelela ndhuma leyi yinga yi fanela. E Central na West Africa, tinxaka leti tina ndhuma yikulu swinene laha kungana kutlula 250 000 tons leti fuyiwaka hi lembe e Cameroon, Nigeria xikan’we nale Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Lexi xilangutekaka xiri na ndhuma swinene e Afrika Dzonga, hambiswiritano, i switirhisiwa leswi endliweke hi catfish kufana nati sausages, pâté xikan’we nati patties kukatsa nati smoked catfish fillets. Swilanguteriwile leswaku, tani hi vatirhisi hi tiva mbuyelo wa rihanyo lowunga kona na swakudya leswi kumekaka loko u dya catfish, kulaveka ka muxaka lowu swita tlakuka swinene laha kaya.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni