Nhlamuselo ya ximilani
Ti leeks i xiphemu xa ndyangu wa tinyalal naswona tina maendlelo lawa ya fanaka loko swita eka vuhumelerisi kufana na tinyala, i swimilani leswi nyenyelaka swinene leswi lavaka ku khomiwa kahle xikan’we naku xavisiwa kahle.
Ti leeks ti tumbuluke e central Asia kutani endzhaku ti famba kuya evupela dyambu bya Europe laha ndhuma ya tona tani hi matsavu yinga kula swinene xikan’we na misava hinkwayo. Ti leeks tikahle kutlula tinyala hikuva atina rhanga lerifaneleke ku huma kumbe kuvupfa kusungula loko tingase tshoveriwa kumbe ku dyiwa kusukela tahari tintsongo eka vutomi bya kukula ka tona.
Switirhisiwa
Xiphemu xa ti leek lexi rhandziwaka ngopfu eka ximilani lexi hi laha xinga xobasa. Loko ximilani xirikarhi xikula, xiphemu lexi xobasa xiva xiri ehansi nyana ka misava laha matluka yati leeks yavaka yari e henhla yari xikatsa xa matluka. Loko matluka yarikarhi ya kula yasungula ku tiyela nakuva yangaha nandzihi. Vana lavantsongo va ti leeks vanga dyiwa loko matluka yaha vevuka no xawula.
Ti leek ta virisiwa, ti swekiwa kumbe ti katingiwa kutani tidyiwa tiri toxe kumbe xikan’we na matsavu yan’wana kumbe ti proteins. Matluka lawa yantsongo yati leeks yanga dyiwa yaritano eka ti saladi. Ti leeks titisa rihanyo ra kahle naswona tina ti vitamin A, C, E, K xikan’we na calcium.
Swilaveko swa misava na ndzulamiso
Ti leeks tibyariwa titlhela tihumelela eka misava leyingana xivumbeko xa kahle ya loam leyi tswongaka kahle mati naswona yinga fuwa hi swakudya. Misava yo tiyela ya sandi ayi lulamelanga tani hileswi swiribyana swinga kumekaka swinghene endzeni ka matlula ehansi ka misava kutani swiendla leswaku tinga nandzihi laha ekuheteleleni tingataka tinga xaviseki.
Xikan’we na misava ya ntima leyingana vumba yitala kuthyakisa xiphemu lexi xobasa xa ti leeks leswivulaka leswaku ayi fanelanga ku byariwa eka yona. Goza rosungulo loko ulava kubyala swimilani swokarhi iku teka swikombiso swa misava ya ndzhawu yoleyo kutani yiya hlahluviwa hi lavangana vutivi e laboratory.
Loko mbuyelo wa swikambelo sweswo wuvuyile wuta kombeta leswaku misava yoleyo yi lava lime ya pH xikan’we na swakudya swokarhi na swinwana leswingata endla leswaku swimilani swikula kahle. Loko swita eka pH ya misava yifanele kuva exikarhi ka 6.5 na 7 naswona loko misava yitele ngopfu acid kumbe yiri ehansi ka 6 pH, kutani nhlayo leyi lavekaka ya lime yinga haxiwa kumbe yirimeriwa ehansi ka misava leswaku yita tlakusa pH ya misava yaleyo.
Leswi swifanele ku endliwa kwalomu ka nhungu wa mavhiki loko kunga se byariwa. Ntirho wo rima wukatsa na masalela ya swimilani leswi aswi byariwile ekusunguleni naswin’wana swimilani swo engetela swa rihlaza leswingavaka swibyariwile. Mune wa mavhiki loko kungase byariwa, engetela leswi xotaka eka misava kufana na Boron, Zinc na Manganese xikan’we na yan’wana manyoro kutani yarimeriwa ehansi ka misava kuringana 400 mm ya misava.
Landzelela hi xikomu xa disc harrow kuyisa emahlweni ku tsemeleriwa ka misava yale henhla kululamisela ku basisa naku levela ndzhawu leswaku kuta byariwa swimilani. Eka vhiki rohetelela loko kungase byariwa swimilani, chela manyoro lawa yacheriwaka kunga se byariwa swimilani kutani u rima hi disc harrow eka misava yale henhla kwalomu ka 20 cm kululamisela ku byariwa. Maendlelo lawa yohetelela i yaku lulamisa misava naku susa nhova leyingavaka yi sungule ku mila.
Cheleta kantsongo eka ndzhawu yaleyo loko kunga se byariwa swimilani. Loko kufanele ku byariwa mbewu emisaveni u fanele ku rima misava eka vhiki rohetelela loko kungase byariwa kubasisa nhova naku lulamisela ti seedbed kambe unga cheli manyoro naswona byala mbewu eka misava leyinga oma kutani u cheleta kantsongo endzhaku ko byala mbewu.
Maxelo
Ti leeks tirhandza maxelo yo hola naswona timila kahle eka mahiselo lawa yanga exikarhi ka 12 °C to 25 °C. Ati lulamelanga ku byariwa eka mahiselo yale henhla kutlula yalawo. Loko mahiselo ya hundza laha, ti leeks tita hatlisa tikula kambe titiyela hiku hatlisa leswingata endla leswaku tinga lulameli ku tshoveriwa.
Ti leeks ati chavi gwitsi kambe maxelo lawa yatitimelaka ngopfu yata endla leswaku tikula hiku nonoka naswona leswi swita kavanyeta vuhumelerisi na khwalithi yati leek.
Tinxaka
Eka minkarhi yak hale, akuri na nhlayo yintsongo yatinxaka ta ti leek leti ati humelerisiwa kuva ti xavisiwa. Eka minkarhi nyana ya manguva lawa kuna tinxaka tintshwa kukatsa na tinxaka ta ximanguva lawa leti kulaka hiku hatlisa xikan’we no tiyela naswona tinxaka leti titeka vundzhawu bya leti ta ntolovelo.
Kuna kutlula kwalomu ka 100 wa tinxaka naswona ndlela yakahle ku teka xiboho xa leti u faneleke ku byala tona i kuva ukuma switsundzuxo kusuka eka vativi na vaxavisi va mbewu vale kusuhi kuya hi swiyimo swa ndzhawu yaleyo.
Switlhela swiva na nkoka swinene kukuma switsundzuxo leswi fambelanaka na timakete kusuka eka vaxavi va swibyariwa sweswo. Tinxaka tin’wana ta ndhuma hi leti: American Flag, Armore, Atal F1, Bulgarian Giant, Carentan, Dawn Giant, Italian Giant na Musselburg.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni