Ku Xavisiwa ka Nyama ya Mbuti eAfrika Dzonga

Kukumeka ka kuxavisiwa ka ximfumo ka nyama ya mbuti laha Afrika Dzonga swile hansi swinene loko ku pimanyisiwa na nyama ya nyimpfu kumbe tinyama tin’wana totshuka. Kuna swivangelo swotala swa leswi kambe kungava xivangelo nkulu kungava vukalo bya nyama ya mbuti eka vaxavisi nkulu va nyama xikan’we na vukalu bya vutivi eka vatirhisi kukatsa na leswi tshembhiwaka na mbuyelo wa nyama leyi ya mbuti.

©Susan Schoenian University of Maryland Extension
Vafuwi va timbuti ta Boer lava yimeriwaka hi minhlangano yavafuwi votani hi Boerbok SA. Bindzu ra nyama ya timbuti tale kaya ari tshamisekangi kahle kusuke eka swifundzha na minhlangano ya tiko hinkwaro, kambe kuna kutlula 40 wa vafuwi lavanga tsarisiwa tani hilava vangana timbuti ta xikaya lava welaka e hansi ka Indigenous Veld Goat South Africa (IVG SA). IVG SA yi langute ngopfu eka ku antswisiwa ka kufuyiwa ka timbuti xikan’we naku xavisiwa ka nyama ya timbuti.
Hambiswiritano, maendlelo lawa ya tirhaka yaku xavisa hiku pfunetiwa hi vaxavisi na va ehleketeleri va nyama ya mbuti ya hluvukile eka malembe lawa yotala swinene. Hikokwalaho ka kulaveka ka timbuti eka makete lowungariki wa ximfumo xikan’we na kukayivela ka timbuti, van’wamapurasi vakuma ntsengo wa kahle swinene loko va xavisa timbuti, ngopfu ngopfu eka minkarhi yokarhi ya lembe, leswi talaka ku hlanganisiwa naku tlangela eka mintirho ya ndzhavuko.
Timbuti totala leti maketiwaka e Afrika Dzonga tixaviseriwa e xihundleni eka makete lowungariki wa ximfumo leswaku titaya dlayiwa hi swikongomelo swa vukhongeri kumbe swa ndzhavuko. Timbuti leti maketiwaka kusuka e purasini hi roxe tahambana kusuka eka letingana tinhweti ta 3-6 hi vukhale. Leswi switlhela swi seketeriwa hiku phakeriwa kuya hi tinguva ka timbuti letikulu ta Angora (+5 wa malembe), leti talaka kuva ti maketiwa hi vayimeri e xifundzheni xa KwaZulu-Natal.
Laha ku xavisiwaka, nyama ya mbuti yixavisiwa eka ti buchari ta rixaka rama Muslim e Lenasia, Johannesburg naleka ti Spars tin’wana na tin’wana ti buchari e tikweni hinkwaro.
Kusukela hi 2003 kuya fika eka 2008 vaxavisi va swakudya va Shoprite Checkers ava maketa chevon, leyi tsariweke CHEVON. Mpfhumba lerikulu raku dyondzisa vatirhisi hi nyama ya chevon leri ari tekiwe hi khamphani ya munhu hi lembe ra 2004. Kalahari Kid Corporation (KKC) yi humelerile eka ku veka nyama ya chevon eka ti xelufu ta ti supamakete totala swinene e Afrika Dzonga (Pick & Pay, Checkers Hypermarket na Spar) laha vanga tlhela vasimeka pfhumba ro lemukisa vatirhisi hi leswinene leswi nyama ya chevon yingana swona.

©Lourens Erasmus
Kalahari Kid Corporation i bindzu leri vun’winyi bya rona byinga e henhla ka xifundzha xa mfumo xa Northern Cape naswona i bindzu leringana xikongomelo xokarhi ‘Special Purpose Vehicle ‘(SPV), leri tirhisiwaka ku xavisiwa ximfumo ka nyama ya mbuti e Northern Cape. Xikongomelo nkulu akuri ku andzisa ntirho lowu kuya eka swifundzha swin’wana swa tiko ra Afrika Dzonga.
KKC yi tlhela yi pfuneta swifundzha swin’wana hiku antswisa munhlangano leyi fuwaka timbuti. Leswi swita pfuneta swinene van’wamapurasi lavaha kutumbulukaka leswaku vakota ku tiyimela hi voxe, kuya hi vukulu bya misava leyinga kona, vakula kuya fikelela eka mabindzu lawakulu lawa fuwaka timbuti. Timbuti leti hanyaka ta tisiwa kusuka eka van’wamapurasi lavaha ku tumbulukaka kutani va katsiwa eka bindzu hinkwaro.
Va Indigenous Veld Goat South Africa (IVG SA) vabumabumela leswaku kutekeriwa enhlokweni ku tlakusiwa ka nyama ya mbuti. Leswi swita pfuna ku kurisa makete waku laveka ka nyama leyi, leswi swita hlohletela vanhu kufuwa timbuti, ematsan’weni yakuva va fuwela ku xavisa. Ku xavisiwa ka vuhumelerisi bya nyama ya timbuti swita endla leswaku kutlakuka nhlayo yo dlawa ka timbuti eka bindzu roka ringari ra ximfumo naswona swinga tlakusa mali leyi nghenisiwaka kusuka eka kufuwa timbuti, kutsundzuxa va IVG SA.

Dyondzo ya Vatirhisi

©SAMIC
Vahoxi va xandla e Afrika Dzonga eka vufuwi bya timbuti navona vapfumelelana na leswaku dyondzo ya vaaki yina nkoka eka ku engetelela kulaveka ka kuxavisiwa ka nyama ya mbuti emavhengeleni. Vulavisisi bya va University ya Pretoria ku ringeta mavonelo ya vatirhisi va Afrika Dzonga va nyama yotshuka byi kume leswaku vanhu lava holaka mali yintsongo anga twisisi swotala hiku vekiwa ka ti klilasi eka nyama yotshuka.
Hambi leswi lava holaka mali yo vonaka nyana na lava vangana swavona navona avari na vutivi byintsongo bya kwalomu ka 50% laha vatirhisi ava languta mfungho walowo. Swin’wana swa leswi swiyelanaka na swona swivikiwe tani hi leswi swingana nkoka swinene. Leswi swikatsa khwalithi, kuva na mafurha na leswi ayi vonakisa xiswona.

©Susan Schoenian University of Maryland Extension
Vulavisisi byin’wana lebyinga endliwa hi 2005 hi L Simela wa University ya Pretoria byi kombise vatirhisi (lava holaka mali yo hambana hambana na mintlawa yo hambana ya malembe) laha mintlawa yimbirhi ya tinyama ta mbuti laha ayi pimanyisiwa na nyama ya nyimpfu. Ehandle ka kuhambana kuntsongo eka matsindziyelelo exikarhi ka nyama ya nyimpfu na chevon (misiha ya nyama ya mbuti ayiri na tinjara to tiyelakutlula eka nyama ya nyimpfu), vatirhisi vakume nyama ya nyimpfu naya mbuti ya vukhale lebyi fanaka (2- to 6-teeth age) yiri leyi amukelekaka.
Switlhele swikumeka leswaku mpimo wa dyondzo ya vatirhisi ayiri na xiave swinene eka nhlohletelo waku amukela naku tsakela kudya nyama ya mbuti. Vulavisisi byi fikelele leswaku nyama ya chevon ya amukeleka eka vatirhisi va Afrika Dzonga naswona swinga amukeleka nale ka nyama ya nyimpfu ntsena loko nyama yakona yi huma eka mbuti leyinga e hansi hi malembe ya mbirhi hi vukhale.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni