Kgwebo ya Kolobe Afrika Borwa
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
In 2017, pork still ranked as the most popularly produced meat.
Mocheso wa lefatshe o ntse o futhumala ebile o omella mme temo e tlasa kgatello e eketsehileng ya ho hlahisa dijo tse nang le phepo le theko e tlaase bakeng sa baahi ba lefatshe ba ntseng ba eketseha. Ho sa tsotellehe sena, "lefatshe le tswetseng pele" le lahla karolo ya boraro ya dijo tse hodileng bakeng sa ho sebediswa ha batho, ha dinaha tse ngata di ntse di le siyo haholo diprotheine ho fana ka dihlahiswa tse ngata tsa amino acid tse hlokahalang bakeng sa dijo tsa motho.
Kgwebo ya nama ya lefatshe e ikamahanya le maemo a tlhaho mme e hlahisa mefuta e mengata ya diprotheine ho tlatsa ditlhoko tse kgolo metseng e futsanehileng.
Mehlodi e Moholo ya nama Lefatsheng
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Pig production can help to address the growing demand for animal protein.
Palo ya dihlahiswa tsohle tsa nama e tlalehilwe ka botshepehi mme e tlalehwa ke Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Ka 2017 ho ile ha sebediswa diprotheine tsa nama tse fetang 350 million. Diphoofolo tse ratwang ka ho fetisisa lefatsheng di ne di le teng bakeng sa tlhahiso (dithane tse dimilione): dikolobe (112), dikgoho (107), dikgomu (88), dinku, dipudi, dimpshe le mefuta e mmalwa e tsomang kapa e tsitsitsweng e akarelletsang dikgama, koung, dikolobe tse tona tsa naheng le tse hlaha, matsa, dinare le dinare le kankaru tsa Afrika.
Mohlodi o mong wa protheine o hlahisang diprotheine tsa batho ke dijo tsa lewatleng. Hona ho kenyeletsa ditlhapi, makhala, dikhofu tse fanang ka dithane tse 170 million tsa diprotheine tsa diphoofolo.
Dihlopha tse ding tsa dijo tse kang meroho, ditholwana, salate e tala, dinate, dijo-thollo, lebese, mahe, chisi le dibopeho tsa ditsebi tsa theknoloji tse tswang dilaboratoring (tsena di ka fetoha dipapadi tse kgolo dilemong tse tlang) di na le karolo ya bohlokwa e lokelang ho bapalwa ho fana ka dijo tse ding: dikhabohaedreite e le mehlodi ya matla, fiber, diminerale, divithamine le metsi a hlwekileng hangata diprotheine tse ding.
Ho Sebediswa ha nama Afrika Borwa
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Between 600 to 5 000 sows are kept in large scale commercial units.
Ho bolelwa hore Afrika Borwa (SA) ha e na mobu o lekaneng ho feta 15% mme tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ya dijo tsa batho e hloka hore tlhahiso ya diphoofolo e be le dihlahiswa tse ngata mekgatlong e matla.
Ho fana ka protheine ya boleng bo botle bakeng sa batho ba dimilione tse 55, dikolobe le dikgoho di ntse di ruwa ka katleho "dirapeng tsa fektheri" Afrika Borwa, leha ho le jwalo, karolo ya 0.5 lekgolong ya nama ya kolobe lefatsheng e etswa Afrika Borwa.
Afrika Borwa e ja dithane tse ka bang 200 000 tsa nama ya kolobe (e ncha le e sebediswang) ka selemo. Dihlahiswa tsa rona di lekana le dithane tse 182 000 (dikolobe tse bolayang dimilione tse 2,6 ka boholo ba 70kg) mme re kenya dithane tse ding tse 25 000. Sena se emela ka tlase ho 4kg ho motho ka selemo ho feta batho ba Afrika bao e seng Mamosleme empa e se letho ho bapiswa le batho ba Asia, Europe Bophirimela le Amerika Leboya.
Dinaha tsa ho kenya di akarelletsa Jeremane, Fora, Spain, Canada, Brazil le USA. Ho fokotseha ka mahlahahlaha le ho tshwarwa ka ho kgetheha jwaloka dikgohlo e entswe ka 60% ya thepa e kenngwang ka ntle. Afrika Borwa e rekisa palo e nyane ya nama ya kolobe ho Namibia, Mauritius le Mozambique.
Dikgoho tse fetang leshome ho feta nama ya kolobe e jewa Afrika Borwa ka theko e lekanang ka khilograma e bontshang maraka a maholo a kgonang dihlahiswa tsa nama ya kolobe e ncha le e sebetsitsweng.
Kgwebo ya Kolobe Afrika Borwa
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Feed can make up 75% of the cost of production.
Kgwebo ya kolobe Afrika Borwa e na le mekgahlelo e meraro e meholo.
Dikarolo tse kgolo tsa mehleng ya kajeno, tse sebetsang hantle le tse ngata di hlahisa dihlopha tse pakeng tsa 600 le 5 000. Ho na le tshekamelo ya dihlopha tsa polasi "ho ba le tse kgolo kapa ho tswa". Melemo ya moruo wa tekanyetso e sebetsa ho ditshenyehelo tsa ho kenya le ho hokisa.
Bahlahisi ba dikgutsana le ba banyenyane Afrika Borwa ba fokotseha mme ntle le haeba ba fumana marakeng a marang-rang kapa ba ena le chelete e nngwe, ba kotsing ya ho ba le ditshenyehelo tsa ho fepa ka dijo tse leka-lekaneng tse etsang karolo ya 75 lekgolong ya ditshenyehelo tsa dikolobe.
Ba dikete ba dihwai tse nyane tsa dikolobe tse nang le ditshenyehelo tse tlase tsa bodulo le matlo. Ha ho na tshusumetso e fokolang bakeng sa bona ho haha matlo le ho reka tekanyo ya dijo ha ba se na tshireletso ya ka ho sa feleng. Ka matlong a bodulo a tswang ho dihlahiswa tse fokolang le di fepa ka nako e telele (hangata di le tlaase diprotheine), di ka etsa chelete ya bohlokwa ho dichelete tsa malapa a bona.
Small scale production can help to boost household income.
Hape ho na le palo e nyenyane ya dihwai tse kgethehileng tsa dikolobe tse lebisang tlhokomelo ya boiketlo ba dikolobe le tlhahiso ya dihlahiswa kapa tse sa lefellweng mme boemo ba bona ha boa lokela ho behwa.
Translated by Bongani Matabane