Indzawo Yekwenta Ingulube eNingizimu Afrika
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
In 2017, pork still ranked as the most popularly produced meat.
Lizinga lekushisa emhlabeni wonkhe kuya ngekufutfumala phindze nekoma futsi tekulima kungaphansi kwekucindzeteleka ekukhiciteni kudla lokushiphile lokunemsoco kwentela inombolo lekhulako yeMhlaba. Ngaphandle kwaloko, le "Live lelikhulisiwe" lilahlela kwesitsatfu kwekudla lokuhlanyelelwa bantfu, abe emave lamaningi asolo ashodelwa ngemaprotein kwentela kuniketa wonkhe ema esidi eamino ladzingeka kugcwalisa tidzingo letinkhulu ekudleni kwebantfu. Litiko lenyama mhlabawonkhe lingenela njengentfo lelula futsi ikhokha emaprotein lamaningi kwentela kugcwalisa tidzingo letinkhulu emimangweni lephansi ngetintfo tekusetjentiswa.
Tintfo Letingito teNyama teMhlabawonkhe
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Pig production can help to address the growing demand for animal protein.
Mhlabawonkhe ngekuphelela kwekukhicita inyama kubhaliwe futsi kushiwo yiNhlangano yeKudla neKulima kwase United Nations (FAO). Ngemnyaka wa 2017 lokuphelele lokumathani latigidzi temakhulu lamatsatfu nemashumi lasihlanu emaprotein enyama lakhokhwa. Inyama leyatiwako kakhulu mhlabawonkhe bekasendleleni lecondzile yekukhicita (tigidzi temathani) bekuyi:nyama yengulube (likhulu nelishumi nakubili) imfuyo (likhulu nesikhombisa) lokufananetinkhomo (emashumi lasiphohlongo nesiphohlongo), timvu, timbuti, ema ostrich bese letiningi letitingelwe noma letiluswako lekufaka ireindeer, imoose, iferal Kanye ne ngulube lendvuna yesiganga, inyamatane, ibuffalo Kanye ne buffalo yase Afrika ne kangaroo. Lelenye indlela ye protein kuma protein ekudla kwebantfu kudla kwelwandle. Loku kufaka imfishi, ema crustaceans, ema molluscs langetela kuphelela kwetigidzi letilikhulu nemashumi lasikhombisa lemathani emaprotein etilwane.
Lamanye emacembu ekudla lafana netibhidvo, titselo, isaladi leluhlata, emantongomane, tinhalvu, lubisi, emacandza, icheese netintfo temhlaba letiphuma ebhorethri (loku kungaba badlali labakhulu eminyakeni letako) kube nemsebenti lotsite ekuletseni letinye tintfo tekudla: ema Carbohydrates njengetintfo letifaka emandla, intsambo, emamineral, emavitamin kantsi nemanti lahlobile kantsi kuvame nekuba ngemaprotein.
Kudliwa kwe Nyama eNingizimu Afrika
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Between 600 to 5 000 sows are kept in large scale commercial units.
Kutsiwa iNingizimu Afrika (SA) ayisenaye 15% longetulu wendzawo kantsi nekukhulu lokufunwako kwekudla kwebantfu kubalulekisa kukhicitwa kwetilwane nekukhokha lokusetulu etintfweni letinemsebenti lomningi ngesikhatsi lesifisha.
Kuniketa ngemaprotein lakahle ngelinani kubantfu labatigidzi letimashumi lasihlanu nesihlanu, tingulube netilwane tekufuywa tifuywa ngemphumelelo e "emapulazini ekusebentela khona" eNingizimu Afrika, yebo ngu 0.5% wenyama yengulube emhlabeni lekhicitwako eNingizimu Afrika.
iNingizimu Afrika idla emathani latinkhulungwane letimakhulu lamabili enyama yengulube (lensha nalelungisiwe) ngemnyaka munye. Kukhicita kwetfu kuhambela kumathani layinkhulungwane nemashumi lasiphohlongo nakubili (tigidzi letingu 2.6 tekuhlatjwa kwetingulube ngesilinganiso semtimba se mass lesimashumi lasikhombisa ema kg) bese sihambisa lamanye emathani lamashumi lamabili nesihlanu setinkhulungwane. Loku kumelela lokungaphansi kwa 4kg kumuntfu ngamunye kumnyaka munye ngetulu kwe nombolo yalabangasiwo ema Muslim e Afrika kepha akufani nalokwenteka kubantfu base Asia, eWestern Europe nase North America.
Emave ekuhamba afaka eGermany, iFrance, Spain, iCanada, iBrazil kanye ne USA. Kuyomiswa ikakhulu kusikeka lokufana netimbambo letingaba ngu 60% walokuhannjiswako.iNingizimu Afrika ihambisa inyama lencane yengulube kuya eNamibia, eMauritius nase Mozambique. Emahlandla langetulu kwetikhatsi letiphindzeke kalishumi tenyama yemfuyo kunenyama yengulube ledliwako eNingizimu Afrika ngelinani lelifanako ngeli kilogram lekukhombisa litfuba lelikhulu kumakethe yemfishi kanye nengulube lelungisiwe.
Indzawo yekwenta Ingulube eNingizimu Afrika
©National Pork Board and the Pork Checkoff, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Feed can make up 75% of the cost of production.
Lelitiko letingulube eNingizimu Afrika inetichemu letintsatfu. Sikali-lesikhulu sesimanje, kusebenta kahle, kukhicitwa lokuningi ngesikhatsi lesimfisha ngetintfo letisemkhatsini wemakhulu lasitfupha bese tintfo letitinkhulungwane letisihlanu tetingulube letinsikati lesetitindzala. Kunemkhuba webafuyi weku "kukhula noma kuphuma". Lolokukahle kwemnotfo kwesikali kufaka ekungeniseni kubita kwako kanye nekumaketha.
Bakhiciti labancane nalabasemkhatsini bentsengo eNingizimu Afrika bababancane kantsi phandle nabatfola imakethe lebalungele noma babenedlela lenye yekufaka imali, bayatsintseka ngekukhuphuka kwelinani kwekudla lokulinganako lokwenta 75% wemali lehamabako etingulubeni.
Small scale production can help to boost household income.
Bafuyi labatinkhulungwane betingulube letincane nelinani lelincane letindlu nekudla. Kunentfo lencane yabo kuhlanganisa indlu bese batsenga kudla lokulingene njengobba bete lokuvikele. Netindlu letakhiwe ngetintfo letitikrebhu kanye nekudla lokuphelelwe sikhatsi (lokuvame kubaneprotein lephansi), kungakhona nomakunjalo kwente kungetetelaa ngekwemali kumindeeni yabo. Kukhona liphesenthi lelincane lebafuyi betingulube lababuke temnotfo wetingulube netintfo letakhiwako noma umkhicito lokhululekile nekutsi nguyiphi indlela lekufanale ingatsikanyetwa.
Translated by Phindile Malotana
