Sitfwatfwa, Inkhungu ne Matolo

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Sitfwatfwa, inkhungu ne matolo kwakheka kwemanti lokuchamuka emoyeni kwehlele emhlabeni lokungetetela kulobumantana lobukhona endzaweni yekulima. Noma kungasiyo lendlela yekwenta yemanti endlela ekulima, sitfwatfwa, inkhungu nematolo kuyangetetela ekwakheni simo selitulu endzaweni lengalungela inhlanyelo letsite.

Sitfwatfwa eNingizimu Afrika

Nasiwela emgceni lophansi, akusito tintsaba kuphela, sitfwatfwa sivela etindzaweni letisemgceni lophakeme – emapholi emigca lengu 35°N na 35°S – tincenye letiningi letisenyakatfo naseningizimu wemhlaba.
iNingizimu Afrika nguyona inesimo lesifutfumele nemugca-losemkhatsini – inyakatfo lena 35°S – noma nje liningi lelive alitfoli sitfwatfwa. Tintsaba letiphakeme kuphela letivame kutfola kwehla kwesitfwatfwa njalo ebusika. Kwehla kwesitfwatfwa kukukhanya futsi lesitfwatfwa sincibilika ngekushesha ngemuva kwekuwa kwasinye. Sitfwatfwa sakheka ngebuningi, kucina kwe mafu estratiform langaphindze aletse litulu leliningi.
Kuncibilika kwesitfwatfwa kuchubela ekunyamalaleni, kungetetela ekugcwaleni kwemadamu kanye nekunakekela kugeleta kwemifula ebusika etindzaweni temvula yasehlobo. Kucutsaniswa nelitulu, lokungetetela kwesitfwatfwa njengendlela yemanti ekulima kuncane kakhulu.
Le Koue Bokkeveld lesedvute ne Ceres lese Western Cape nguyona ndzawo lenkhulu yekulima, lenenhlanyelo lefana netitselo tesihlahla lesiwa emacembe nemazambane, lapho khona kwehla kwesitfwatfwa tikhatsi letimbalwa ngebusika bunye etingadzeni tetitselo netindzawo tetinhlanyelo.

Inkhungu

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Inkhungu, noma sitfwatfwa lesingabonisi, kusindza kwesigadla semantfo emanti lamancane emoyeni lophansi – lovame kubaphansi kusigaba lesisemhlabatsini. Sitfwatfwa nesitfwatfwa lesingabonisi kuvame kubonwa ehlobo futsi nasekupheleni kwemvakwemadina kuze kube sentsatsakusa, kepha kugucuka netimo letiphakeme. Etindzaweni tetintsatjana letimise kwemagagasi, kubonakele etindzaweni-letiphansi kuphela.
Sitfwatfwa siyatiwa ngasetindzaweni letipholile tase Ningizimu Afrika, ikakhulu ngelihlobo nasetindzaweni letisemkhatsini-wemugca ngaphansi kwemawa lase Mpumalanga yelive. Lesitfwatfwa setindzawo letisemkhatsini eKwaZulu-Natal ngusona satiwa-kakhulu kuletindzawo talelibhande lelisemkhatsini, lokwakha indzawo yebudlelwane etintfweni letiphilako nakokonkhe lokukhona kulesifundza. Sitfwatfwa sekungena kwelihlobo sesichazeke njengentfo lekhicita lokuhlanyelwe kulesitfwatfwa selibhandle lase KwaZulu-Natal. Tindzawo letinelibhandle lesitfwatfwa atikalungeli kukhicitela kudla emabele, ngoba lokukhombisa tifo letitivelelako njenge (kukhuntsa) rust ne ergot, lokukhula ngaphansi kwesimo lesinjena lesifutfumele. Letitifo letitivelelako tikhokha phoyizini, lekungahlupha tinkhomo letidla emabele.
Ngalenye indlela, timo telibhandle lesitfwatfwa tichazwa njengendlela yekukhokha emakotapeni, inhlanyelo, lokudzinga timo letiphakeme letihambisana nako. Noma, sitfwatfwa kumele sitsatselwe etulu nakunconywa kutsi nguyiphi inhlanyelo letolinywa endzaweni yekulima.

Ematolo

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Ematolo ngemanti lakheke ngendlela yematfosni etintfweni letibonakalako ekuseni, kakhulu, kepha nasebusuku. Loku kucina kwalamanti abengematfonsi ngesimo lesitsite, loku kubitwa ngekutsi yindzawo yematfonsi. Ngesikhatsi ngetulu kuba nekushisa bese nesimo salendzawo lengetulu sehlela ngaphansi kwendzawo yematfonsi, kucina kuyavela bese kwakha ematolo. Kwakheka kwematolo kudzinga busuku lobuthulile, lobute emafu, nalobute umoya.
Ematolo avela etindzaweni letiningi tase Ningizimu Afrika, ngisho nasetindzaweni letomile kufana nasemnceleni wasenshonalanga lepholile nekungenela tindzawo tase Ningizimu Afrika.
Lesikhatsi sekuvela kwematolo sichubela ekukhuleni kwekuvela kwesifo etitjalweni letifana nemazambane, emabhontjisi ne Swiss chard. Ematolo lakheka emacembeni esitjalo, enta simo lesitsandvwako sebumantana kwentela kukhula kwesifo lesitivelelako.

Translated by Phindile Malotana