Iqhwa, Inkungu Namazolo

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Iqhwa, inkungu namazolo kuyizinhlobo zemvula ezithinta umswakama okhona endaweni yokulima. Nakuba kungesona uhlobo oluyinhloko lomthombo wamanzi wezolimo, iqhwa, imbobo namazolo kwenza kube nesimo sezulu endaweni engase ifanele isitshalo esithile.

Iqhwa eNingizimu Afrika

Uma uwela ezindaweni eziphansi, hhayi ezintabeni kuphela, iqhwa lwenzeka ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu - i-pole-ward ye-latitude 35°N ne-35°S - izingxenye ezisenyakatho naseningizimu zomhlaba.
INingizimu Afrika isemaphandleni afudumele futhi ahlanzekile - enyakatho ye-35°S - ngakho-ke iningi lezwe alitholi nhlobo iqhwa. Izintaba eziphakeme kuphela zithola njalo amaqhwa ambalwa njalo ebusika. Iziqhwala zilula futhi iqhwa liyancibilika ngokushesha ngemva kokuwa. Isithwathwa sakhiwa emafwini aminyene, amaqabunga ama-stratiform angabangela ukuletha imvula eningi.
Iqhwa eliqhakazile liholela ekuqhumeni, lifaka ekugcwaliseni amadamu nokugcina ukugeleza kwebusika kwemifula ezindaweni zezimvula zasehlobo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemvula, umnikelo weqhwa njengomthombo wamanzi wokulima umncane kakhulu.
I Koue Bokkeveld eduze kwaseCeres eNtshonalanga Kapa yiyona kuphela indawo enkulu yokulima, enezitshalo ezinjengezithelo ezinamaqanda namazambane, lapho iqhwa liwela izikhathi ezimbalwa ubusika emasimini nasezindaweni zezitshalo.

Inkungu

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Isibindi, noma ubhujane, ungqimba olunamanzi lwamaconsi amancane emkhathini ophansi - ngokuvamile ukuya phansi. Imisindo nenkungu ibonakala kakhulu ehlobo futhi ngokuvamile ivela ntambama kuze kube sekuseni, kodwa ikhuphuka ngamazinga aphezulu okushisa. Ezingxenyeni ezingasenyakatho, kubonakala ezindaweni eziphansi kuphela.
Isikhumba sivame ezindaweni ezipholile eNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi ehlobo nasezindaweni eziphakathi kwe-altitude ngaphansi kwe-escarpment yasempumalanga yezwe. Indawo yaseMidlands yaseMidlands i-belt zone iyindawo eyaziwa kakhulu kulezi zindawo eziphakathi nendawo, edala indawo ekhethekile yezemvelo esifundazweni. Inkungu yasehlobo yasekuqaleni ichazwe njengengozi yokukhiqiza izitshalo ebhantshini lakwaZulu-Natali. Izindawo ezincane zezintambo azifanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwemifino ye-forage, ngenxa yengozi yezifo ezifayo njenge-rust kanye ne-ergot, ekhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezinomanzi. Lezi zifo zengwenya ziveza ubuthi, okungase kuthinte izinkomo zidla emanzini.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimo zebhande lezimbambo zichazwa njengento ekahle ekukhiqizeni i-avocado, isitshalo, esidinga umswakama ophezulu. Ngakho-ke, imfucumfucu kufanele icatshangwe uma isinqumo lapho isitshalo sitshala khona endaweni yokulima.

Amazolo

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Ukudoba ngamanzi ngendlela yamaconsi amancane enza izinto ezivelele ekuseni, ikakhulukazi, kodwa nakusihlwa. Lokhu kuvunyelwa kwamanzi emanzini amathonti kuncike ekushiseni okuqondile, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi iphuzu lamazolo. Lapho ubuso bushushumbisa ukushisa futhi izinga lokushisa lokushisa liwela ngaphansi kwamaphuzu amazolo, ukuvuthwa kwenzeka kanye namafomu. Ukubunjwa kokudinga kudinga ubusuku obucacile, obungenalutho, obungenamandla.
Udumo lwenzeka ezindaweni eziningi eNingizimu Afrika, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinomile njengasekugcineni kolwandle olusentshonalanga kanye nasezindaweni ezingaphakathi zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukwenzeka njalo kwamazolo kuholela ekwandiseni izifo ezitshalweni zezitshalo ezifana namazambane,
ama-soybean kanye ne-Swiss chard. Ukutsheka okwenziwe emaqabungeni okutshala, kudala izimo ezinomsoco zokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zefungal.

Translated by Nsika Khoza