Ngaphambi kwekuba balimi bangacala kulima inhlanyelo yabo,badzinga kubuka letintfo labatatisebentisa kutsi tikhona yini - emanti, indzawo, timali kanye nebasebenti. Loku kungaphatamisa inhlobo yenhlanyelo, sikhatsi sekuhlanyela, kanye nelinani lekulima.
Lomlimi phindze udzinga kukhetsa kutsi nguyiphi inhlanyelo latayisebentisa kwentela - kuvikela kugedvuka kwemhlabatsi, kutfutfukisa imphilo yemhlabatsi, kwentela kutsi kubekudla kwetilwane tekufuywa, njengekudla kwebantfu, lokuhanjiswako noma lokutsengiswa endzaweni noma njengenhlanyelo yemali? Yebo, tintfo letifana nenhlobo yesimo selitulu, kutfolakala emakethe, tintfo tekusetjentiswa kanye nekufunwa kungaphindze kugcugcutele kulinywa kwenhlanyelo kanye netincumo ngako.
Tintfo Letisetjentiswa ku Nhlanyelo Lelinywako
Emanti
Ngekuchaza kutsi nguyiphi inhlanyelo lofuna kuyilima kungashiyana ngekutsi ngukuphi lokukhona. Ngabe akhona emanti ekunisela, tintfo letisetjentiswa nawunisela, lithange lemanti noma tintfo temvelo temanti letifana nemanti elitulu? Yini lizinga lemanti, ngabe kungakanani lobukhona bemanti futsi ngabe lenhlanyelo itotsatsela yini kulendlela yalamanti?
Indzawo nemhlabatsi
Lendzawo lekhona ilinani lelinganani? Ngabe iyalungela kutsi kube netisebenti noma imishina futsi yini loluhlobo lwemhlabatsi? Kuhlolwa kwemhlabatsi kuyadzingeka kwentel kwati inhlobo yemhlabatsi, kutfwalwa kwemanutrieint alomhlabatsi kanye nekuvundzisa lokukujwayelwe nekutsi ke ulungele lenhanyelo letolinywa kutsi ibalulekile. Cabanga ngekuhlukanisa lendzawo ibetindzawo letincane phindze nekuyifaka fenisi kwentela kuyivumela kutsi iguculwe ngekudliwa, kukalela kwebiwa kanye nekungena kwetilwane tabomakhelwane kanye nebantfu.
Timali
Ngutiphi timali letikhona tekulima inhlanyelo? Inhlanyelo ingadula kanganani nekutsi ingadzinga sikhatsi lesinganani kutsi iphelelwe ngaphambi kwekuvunwa. Kufana nekutsi, ucatsanise kubita kwayo kwentela kucala ingadze yema olive lengatsatsa iminyaka lemibalwa kwentela kukhomba imali leyakhiwe nawucatsanisa nekubita kwelihekitha letibhidvo letehlukene, letingavunwa ngekuhamba kwemnyaka. Umbhalo locinile webhizinisi ubalulekile kutsi utfole timali letifana neyekubolekwa noma loyiphiwa ngu hulumende.
Tisebenti
Ngabe kulima inhlanyelo epulazini lakho kutodzinga kusebenta ngetandla noma ngemshina lokhona? Umangabae tisbenti tikhona, ngabe lokuhlanyelwa kwenhlanyhelo kuyecela naletinye tintfo tekuhlanyela? Ngabe umshina ukhona noma ingabe ingabolekwa yini? Uma kunjalo, cabanga ngekukhokhela gasolina, imiholo kanye naletinye tintfo letifana nebashayeli labadzingekako kwentela inhlanyelo letsite.
Nguyiphi Inhlanyelo Lofuna Kuyilima
Kukhetsa kutsi nguyiphi inhlanyelo lofuna kuyilima kungabandzimanyana futsi nalesecwayiso salapho kutfolwa khona tinhlavu noal umnotfo wekulima kungaba yintfo lekalwako.
Simo Selitulu ne Nhlanyelo
Simo selipulazi lakho, inhlobo yemhlabatsi kanye nekuna kwemvula kungachaza imphumelelo yenhlanyelo. Kufana ne, mabele kanye millet tinhlanyelo letingahambisani nesomiso tilungele bantfu kanye nekudliwa tilwane, sibe simo lesimantana singavumela bhanana kanye nekukhicitwa kwemoba.
Kugcina-kwekusetjentiswa kwe Nhlanyelo
Lokuncono, inhlanyelo itophucula lomhlabatsi, iletse kudla kwetilwane kanjalo nebantfu kanye nekunika imali lengenako. Tinhlanyelo tingahlanyelwa emkhatsini wetinhlanyelo tengunaphakadze letifana netihlahla tetitselo, kwentela kulinganisa umhlaba lapho kwenyukela khona kancane kanye nekutfutfukisa kucindzeteleka kwemanti emhlabatsini.
Lokutindumbu kufana nema cowpeas kukhulisa le nitrogene emhlabatsini. Kuyinhlanyelo lelungele kuvala lenye inhlanyelo, kunika kudla noma sicumbi setjani kwentela tilwane futsi kungavunelwa lamacembe ato lavutsiwe lanemaprotein futsi lentinhlavu tingadliwa bantfu. Ngekufana, emabele yinhlanyelo lemelana nesomiso loko kukhulisa tintfo letiphila ngaletinye emlabatsini futsi angadliwa tilwane phindze avunwe kwentela letinhlavu tawo, kwakha sicumbi setjani noma kwentela kukhicita ibio-ethanol.
Kubita kwe Nhlanyelo
Umphumela ‘lobuke umkhicito wetekulima, kudliwa kwako, kubita kwako kanye nekutsengiswa eNingizimu Afrika ngemnyaka wa 2018 kuya ku 2027’ nge Bureau ye Kudla kanye Nemigomo yeTekulima (BFAP – Bureau for Food and Agriculture Policy) seyicogele tintfo tetinhlanyelo eNingizimu Afrika.
Kulima lokwenteke muva kwenhlanyelo emasimini eNingizimu Afrika kukhomba ingucuko ekulinyweni kwenhlanyelo. Sekubonakalisile kutsi inhlanyelo njengemmbila lomtfubi (kakhulu njengekudla kwetilwane) kanye nemabhontjisi lakhulako, ikakhulu ngekubita kwemmbila lomhlophe, lekukudla lokucinile. Loku kungenca yekutfolwa kwemali lengaphansi ngekukhicita totimbili letinhlavu kanjalo nekufunwa njengekudla lokutinhlavu kwetilwane njengoba balimi bagcina letihloko ngemuva kwesomiso.
Kubita kwe Mkhicito weNhlanyelo
Le Bureau ye Kudla kanye Nemgomo we Tekulima (BFAP) phindze kucogelwa kutsi emkhatsiniw emnyaka wa 2018 kuya ku 2027 kukhula kwekubita kwa oyili kanye nekwehla kwelilani lelirandi lase Ningizimu Afrika nalicatsaniswa netimali letinye kungakhulisa tintfo tetimali tekulima letingumanyolo kanye nagasolina. Nako kusetjentiswa kahle kwatototimbili letintfo kunganciphisa kubita kwetimali.
Kufaka lokusamantongomane kulokuhlanganisiwe noma inhlanyelo yemali ingasita ngekwakha initrogen lebekelwe emhlabatsini phindze kunganciphisa kubita kwekuvundzisa-initrogene. Ngekufana, kusebentisa lokusele kwenhlanyelo kutsi kwakhiwe umcuba phindze kufakwe loko lokubolile lokuvalwa ngako kungakha bumantana nekushisa kancane lokubamba sisindvo emhlabatsini phindze kunciphise kubita kwekunisela.
Translated by Phindile Malotana