Amadumbe noma emazambane ase tropics (Colocasia esculenta) iphindze atiwe njenge mufhongwe, madumbis, taro or dasheen. Amadume akhuliswa eSouth-East Asia eminyakeni lendlula ku 6000 yafika eSouthern Afrika nebantfu Portugal ngabo 1500 kanye ne bantfu base India.
Lena yimphandze leyatiwa njenge herbaceous, ihlanyelwa endzaweni lemanti eNingizimu Afrika futsi nguletinye wetimphandze letimcoka letidliwako emhlabeni. iTannia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) noma indlebe yendlovu ngulenye imphandze lemcoka, ihlanyelwa kakhulu emaveni laseWest Africa futsi batsandza wona kundlula Amadumbe ngoba sivuno sakhona siba sinyenti.
Kepha 90% wemkhicito wAmadumbe uchamuka emaveni lase West Africa njenge Cameroon, Nigeria kanye ne Ghana. eNingizimu Afrika, Amadumbe alinywa kakhulu balimi labalimela kudla tindzaweni taKwaZulu Natal, eMpumalanga, Western kanye nase Eastern Cape.
Kepha kufakwa kwAmadumbe etitolo letatiwako sekwente lena mphandze yatiwe.
Kulima Amadumbe
Amadumbe yimphandze leme ibheke etulu lephindze yatiwe njenge ‘mammy’. Inesikhumba lesibubhendze ngemubala ngesisindvo ingasuka ku 500 kuya ku 900 g, kepha ingakhula site sisindvo sibe ngu 3.6 kg. ngekhatsi imhlophe. Amadumbe atsandza indzawo leba nemutfunti, kepha ingakhula lapho kushisa khona uma kutoniselwa.
Indzinga indzawo lesisako, awavani nendzawo lebandza kakhulu. Amadumbe akhula emhlabatsini longatsi uAcidic kancane, emhlabatsini logcwele lokuvundzile noma umcuba. Kufanele uhlanyele ngesandla. Hlanyela Amadumbe uwahlukanise nga 60cm kube nesikhala lesingu 1 m emalayinini.
Sikhatsi lesikahle sekuhlanyela ngu December kuya ku April. Faka manyolo lone NPK (Potassium (K:1). Fafata emabhodlela NPK ibe yindingilizi lebo 10 cm kusuka esihlahleni. Amadumbe ahlasalwa tilwanyana letifaka ekhatsi white ants kanye ne rodents futsi ijwayele kubola etimphandzeni umhlanyelwe endzweni legcwele emanti kakhulu.
Kepha iyakhona kumelana ne mole-rat letsandza tibhidvo letifana nemazambane kanye nema carrots. Loku kungenca yekutsi Amadumbe ayingoti nakadliwa angakaphekwa. Ajwayele kuvunwa emuva kwetinyanga letingu 8 kuya ku 10, uma emacembe seka yellow.
Letimphandze tigujwa ngelifosholo. Letimphandze tibese tiyagezwa phindze tibekwe kahle. Licwaningo lelentiwe ngu Prudence Ntombifikile Tembe endzaweni yasemakhaya KwaZulu Natal nga 2008, likhombisa kutsi titolo tidzinga Amadumbe lamancane ngebukhulu, lageziwe futsi omiswa, aletfwe ngemakasi. Inkinga lenkhulu balimi lababhekana nayo kutsi bawahambisa ngani lamadumbe.
Kudla Amadumbe
Amadumbe anemsoco lomunyenti, kune carbohydrates lenyenti (low GI) futsi kune protein ne amino acids lenyenti kunaletinye timphandze letidliwako. Kune 9% protein kantsi emazambane ana 1.9%, bhatata una 1.7%. Une fibre lenyenti, magnesium, potassium, iron, Vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 kanye na vitamin C.
Aphekwa njengemazambane noma bhatata, angabiliswa noma afakwe eOvini bese aphakelwa kube yi mash, ema chips noma afakwe emshibeni. Lamacembe nangalesinye sikhatsi lomtimba walesihlahla angadliwa njenge sipinachi noma aphekwe njengembila kanye ne coconut cream aphakelwe kanye nAmadumbe labilisiwe.
Bantfu base India labahlala KwaZulu Natal sebasebentisa Amadumbe kwenta ‘puri patta’. Lamacembe ahlukaniswa nge spiced batter, agocwe entiwe ema pancakes. Timbali Amadumbe (aroids) entiwe flour kwentelwe kwenta ‘fufu’, ladvume ngesishibo sase Nigeria. Kadzeni Amadumbe bekakhuliswa njenge kudla kwakuleyo ndzawo, kepha kuleminyaka lendlulile, isebentiselwa lokunye kudla.
Translated by Thandokuhle Motha