Indlela ejayeleke khulu yokudla amakhowe kuwadla ahlaza emasaladini nofana aphekwe ngebhodere, amafutha nofana i-ghee. Amakhowe angonyiswa, akheniwe, agaywe abe yipuphu bekenziwe ama-crisps, amasosi alungele ukusetjenziswa namasobho.
Amakhowe onyisiweko ayathanjiswa emanzini nofana abe-broth besekuthi amakhowe agayiweko abayipuphu athelwe ngaphezulu ekudleni okufana namasobho kunye namasosi. Amakhowe angamarinethiwa bekakheniwe ngokufaka iinthako ezifana newayini, amafutha, iviniga, igaligi, iinungo kunye nama-spices. I-paste yamakhowe (amakhowe agayiweko, amafutha, amandongomani, iinungo kunye nama-spices) kusetjenziswa zona esikhathini esinengi njengoburotho kunye nama-pasta toppings, begodu akhambisana nenyama egriliweko.
Eminye imikhiqizo ehlotjaniswa namakhowe ifakahlangana amakhowe enziwe umrhwabha, isikhumba seleda esenziwe ngamakhowe kunye namakhithi wamakhowe azikhulelako. Umrhwabha ngokwesiko kuyinyama enungiweko eyomileko eyenziwe ngamakhowe amarinethiweko asikwa bekonyiswa. Umrhwabha wamakhowe ungadliwa nababantu abangayidliko inyama njenge-snack esenziwe ngamakhowe asikiweko, amarinethiwa, onyiswa njengamakhowe we-shiitake nofana we-oyster.
Ileda yamakhowe ikhuliswa kusukela ku-mycelium (efana nesakhiwo somrabho we-fungi) begodu ithatha iimveke ezimbili ukukhula ilingane nesilinganiso se-cowhide. Amakhithi wamakhowe azikhulelako afakahlangana ama-spores kunye ne-substrate ukuze kukhule i-shiitake, i-enoki kunye namakhowe womhlobo we-oyster.
Amakhowe abuye atholakale njengamaphilisi alekelela umzimba ekulweni nezifo, ikofi yamakhowe enama-cordyceps mushrooms nayo isetjenziswa ekwenzeni imikhiqizo yokunakekela isikhumbo.
Adliwa njani Amakhowe
Amanye amakhowe angadliwa ahlaza kumasaladi kodwana amakhowe amanengi aphekwa ngamafutha, ibhodoro nofana i-ghee. Kukholelwa ekutheni ukugrila nokufaka amakhowe ku-microwave kuyindlela yokuwapheka enepilo khulu.
Lokha nabapheka amakhowe ama-chef aphakamisa bona kuthelwe itswayi ne-pepper nasele kuvuthiwe. Ukuthela itswayi lokha nawusapheka amakhowe kukhupha amanzi begodu kwenza bona angatjhuguluki msinya umbala ubezotho.
Ukubambeka okudege kwenyama kunye nenambitheko le-umami liyenza ibemjamiseleli omuhle wenyama emirorweni kunye nekudleni okudliwa babantu abangayidli inyama. Amakhowe azele i-guanylate, okungenye yama-compound anomthelela enambithekweni elimnandi le-umami. Inambitheko le-umami liyangezeleleka njengoba umhlobo we-brown button mushrooms likhula liba makhowe amakhulu we-brown mushrooms (portabella). Amakhowe we-shiitake afretjhi nawomisiweko azele umnambitheko we-umami omunengi.
Ukubulunga Amakhowe
Amakhowe kufanele abulungwe emabhegeni enziwe ngamaphepha ukwenzela bona amunye amanzi angavela ngonobangela wokwehla nokunyuka kwamazinga womtjhiso lokha nakabulungiweko. Amakhowe angahlala amalanga ahlangana namahlanu kunye nalikhomba asesefretjhi, kodwana kufanele uthenge amakhowe aqinileko-asipontji nanesiqu eside (Agaricus spp) atjengisa amatswayo wamakhowe esele aseduze nokubola.
Ivundela Yamakhowe
Ngaphandle kokukhiqiza amakhowe adliwako, okhunye okungenziwa ngemva kokuvuna amakhowe kusebenzisa ivundela ebekutjalwe kiyo amakhowe. Ivundela yamakhowe yenziwe ngotjani umanyoro weenkukhu, i-gypsum kunye namanzi. Ngemva kokuvuna amakhowe, ivundela ebekutjalwe kiyo ingaseyjenziswa ehlabathini ukwenza ncono ihlabathi bona ingenelele amanzi kuhle, ikghone ikubamba amanzi, isuse ihlabathi enetjhefu beyingezelele i-organic matter content.
Ivundela yamakhowe esebenzileko ingamumatha amatswayi nometheriyali o-organiic ongakajami kuhle, ngalokho kufanele iliswe isikhathi eside ukuze ibole khulu ukuya phambili ukwenzela bona ama-microbes wehlabathi angenelele bekasebenze kuhle.
Khuyini Ama-Truffles?
Ama-Truffles, iinthelo zama-fungi wangaphasi, kukudla okudure khulu okukhula ngaphasi kwamazinga wehlabathi akhethekileko begodu esikhathini esinengi kuhlotjaniswa nemirabho yemithi. Kunemihlobo eminengi yama-truffles ekhula eendaweni azithileko begodu ahlotjaniswa nemithi ethileko. Isibonelo, ama-black truffle atholakala eduze nomuthi we-owuki, wetjheri namandongomani we-hazelnut e-Périgord esendaweni ye-France.
Ama-truffles amanengi alinywako abuya e-Spain, kodwana ama-truffles angalinywa nemahlathini.
Akhona ama-truffle amanye alinywa eSewula Afrika. Ukulinywa kwama-truffles kwenziwa kwaphela eendaweni ezine-avareji yamazinga womtjhiso angaba yi-8°C ebusika begodu kulinywa khulu ama-black Périgord truffle nakuqathaniswa nalayo alinywa emithini ye-owuki.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana