Ndlela ya ntolovelo yaku dya swikowa hiloko switetano eka ti saladi kumbe swi swekiwile hi botere, mafurha kumbe hi ghee. Swikowa swinga tlhela swi omisiwa, swicheriwa exikoteleni, swi endliwa mapa naswona swinga endliwa ti crisps, ti sauce nati supu.
Swikowa leswi omisiweke switlhela swi tsakamisiwa hi mati xikan’we naleswinga omisiwa swi endliweke mapa swinga nyunyeteriwa eka swakudya swofana na ti supu nati sauce. Swikowa swinga totiwa kumbe swicheriwa eka nkatsakanyo wofana na wayeni, mafurha, oil, vinegar, garlic, mitsembyani na swipayisisi. Paste ya swikowa (mukapu wa swikowa, mafurha, timanga, mitsembyani na swipayisisi) hi xitalo switirhisiwa tani hi xinkwa na swotlhandlekela eka pasta, kumbe swotatisela eka nyama.
Swin’wana switirhisiwa leswi fambelanaka na swikowa swikatsa ntonga wa swikowa (biltong), dzovo ra swikowa na swikowa leswiti milelaka. Ntonga hi ndzhavuko kuva kuri nyama yo bava leyi omisiweke leyi totiweke swipayisisi kusuka eka tinyama leti tsemeleriweke. Ntonga wa swikowa wukahle ku dyiwa hi vanhu lavanga dyeki nyama naswona wuva wu endliwe hi swikowa leswi omisiweke kutani switsemeleriwa kufana nati shiitake kumbe oyster. Dzovo ra swikowa rimila kusuka eka mycelium (xivumbeko xa rimintsu xa fungi) naswona riteka mavhiki yambirhi kukula kuya fika eka vukulu bya dzovo ra homu. Swikowa leswiti milelaka swikatsa mbewu na manyoro laha swikowa swa shiitake, enoki na oyster swimilaka kona.
Swikowa switlhela swikumeka tani hi nseketelo wo tiyisa masocha ya miri ya swarihanyo, kofi ya swikowa nati cordyceps mushrooms naswona switirhisiwa tani hi swotola nhlonge.
Ndlela yo dya Swikowa
Swinwana swikowa swinga dyiwa switetano eka ti saladi kambe hi xitalo swikowa swi swekiwa hi mafurha, botere kumbe ghee. Kutshembiwa leswaku ku oxiwa kumbe naku tirhisa microwave hiswona swinga maswekelo yakahle eka swa rihanyu.
Loko ku swekiwa swikowa vasweki vahlohletela leswaku ku cheriwa munyu na pepper emakumu ko sweka. Ku engetela munyu loko kuri eku swekiweni ka swikowa swi humesa mati kutani swinonokisa kuva yi cinca muhlovo.
Xivumbeko lexo bumbula xa nyama xikan’we na nantswo wa umami wa swikowa wu endla leswaku swikowa switeka ndzhawu ya nyama eka swakudya leswinga swa matsavu. Swikowa swile henhla hi guanylate, i xin’we xa swilo leswi hoxaka xandla eka nantswo wa savoury umami. Nantswo wa umami wu engetelela kukula ka swikowa swa brown button kuya eka leswikulu swa buraweni leswikulu (portabella). Swikowa swa shiitake leswitsakamaka xikan’we na shiitake leyi omisiweke switaleriwe swinene hi nantswo wa umami.
Nhlayiso wa Swikowa
Kahle kahle, swikowa swifanele kuva swi hlayisiwa eka swinkwamani swa maphepha kuva switsonga kutsakama lokungavaka kona loko mahiselo ya tlakuka hinkarhi wanhlayiso. Vutomi bya nhlayiso wa swikowa byile xikarhi ka ntlhanu na nkombo wa masiku, kambe xava hi minkarhi swikowa swotiya – vu xiponci na malehelo ya matshindi (eka Agaricus spp) switala kuva xikombiso xakuva swikowa swiri ekusuhi naku onheka.
Manyoro ya Swikowa
Ehandle ka kuhumelerisiwa ka swikowa leswi dyiwaku, masalela lawa ya tirhisekaka ya vurimi bya swikowa ya tirhisiwa eka manyoro ya swikowa. Manyoro ya swikowa ya endliwa kusuka eka tinhlanga, matoto ya tihuku, gypsum na mati. Endzhaku ka ntshovelo wa swikowa, manyoro lawa ya tirhisiweke yanga tlhela ya tirhisiwa ku antswisiwa ku nghenelela ka mati eka misava, makhomelo ya mati, ya pfuna ku susa phoyizeni eka misava xikan’we naku engetelela vukona bya organic matter.
Manyoro ya swikowa lawa ya tirhisiweke yana munyu na organic material yoka yinga tshamisekangi, leswi vulaka leswaku kufanele ku cheriwa manyoro nakambe leswaku swita pfuneta kuva ya hlangana kahle na misava xikan’we naku tirhisiwa hiti microbes ta misava.
Xana Iyini ti Truffles
Ti truffles, i mihandzu ya fungi leyinga ehansi ka misava, i swakudya swo durha swinene leswi kulaka eka swiyimo swa misava swo hlawuleka naswona switala ku fambelanisiwa na timintsu ta misinya. Kuna tinxaka totala swinene ta ti truffles leti hi xitalo ti milaka eka tindzhawu tokarhi naswona leti fambelanisiwaka na misinya yokarhi. Xikombiso black truffle yi kumeka kusuhi na nsinya wa oak, cherry na hazelnut endzhawini yale Périgord etikwni ra France. Ti truffles totala leti byariwaka tuhuma e Spain, kambe ti truffles tinga tshoveriwa kusuka enhoveni.
Kuna kurimiwa kun’wana ka ti truffle e Afrika Dzonga. Ku rimiwa loku kuya hi tindzhawu leti tingana mahiselo yale xikarhi hi xixika ya 8℃ naswona ku langutane ngopfu na muxaka wa black Périgord truffle leyi fambisanaka swinene na misinya yo leha ya oak.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni