I-legume zintjalo ezinemirabhu, ezikhiqiza imbewu begodu zinamakari – qabanga ngama-peas kanye nama-clover ukwenza isbonelo. Ama-legume asetjenziswa njengentjalo ezimadlelo. Angatjalwa awodwa nanyana asetjenziselwe ukudlisa ifuyo, ukusikwa kwehoyi nanyana ivunwe nayizokusetjenziselwa ukuba yihoyi nanyana i-silage.
Ama-legumes enziwa amadlelo angezelela, bamaprotheyini wokudla kwefuyo. Eskhatheni esinengi ama-legume ahlanganiswa notjani ukukhiqiza amaprotheyini amatjha kanye nokuhlafunyeka kwawo kunotjani bubodwa.
Ibubulo elinye nenyelinye elithengisa imbewu lingarhona ukukupha isiyeleliso sokobana ngimaphi ama-legume amahle kanye notjani obuhlanngene nama-legume ongabutjala endaweni yangekhenu emhlobeni wehlabathi yangekhenu. Bawa isiyeleliso.
Ubuhle Bama-legumes
Lokha amadlelo wama-legume asetjenziswa njengentjalo ezikhiqiza amaprotheyini agayekako wenlwane kunotjani bubodwa. Ama-legume sele afake ubuhle obungezelelweko ngebanga lokobana atjhugulula i-nitrogen emoyeni ukunikeza iintjalo i-nitrogeni encibilikako ehlabathini ngokulungiswa kwe-nitrogen. Lokhu kuphungula itlhogeko yokuvundisa amadlelo nge-nitrogen begodu kuletha inzuzo entjalweni ezimadlelo.
I-nitrogen fixing mthelela wobuhlobo nebhakutheriya esehlabathini ebizwa bona yi-Rhizobium ezenza imigodu emincani emirajini yama-legume. Kuphakanyiswa kobana ngaphambi kokobana kutjalwe, imbewu zama-legume zihlanganiswe nebhakutheriya le-Rhizobium ukuqiniseka kobana ama-nodes ayakheka.
Obunye ubuhle bokutjala ama-legumes njengamadlelo ngobulandelako:
Amadlelo wama-legumes amthombo okhamba phambili wekhwalithi yokudla kwefuyo kanye namaprotheyini wezinga eliphezulu. Iinlwane ezincani ezisakhulako zitlhoga izinga eliphezulu lamaprotheyini elingahlangabezwa ngokobana kufakwe ama-legumes ekudleni kwazo.
Amadlelo wama-legumes amnandi begodu ayagayeka, godu angezelela i-calcium esentjalweni.
I-lurcene iqakathekile efuyweni yebisi emunyisako, nanyana abafuyi benkomo zebizi abathelelelako bathanda amadlelo wotjani be-clover. Ama-legume ekudleni ekuhlanganisiweko kwefuyo emunyisako angangezelela i-vitamin A kanye ne-E kanye nokudliwa kwama-calcium eslwaneni kungangezelela izinga lamafutha ebisini kanye nekhwalithi yebisi nakumadaniswa notjani bodwa.
Abafuyi abanengi bezimvu basebenzisa ama-legumes alungisa i-nitrogen afana ne-lucerne clover kanye ne-medics emadlelweni enza ncono ukukhula kwewula kanye nekhwalithi yayo. Embuzini zomhlobo we-Anagora, ileveli ephezulu yamaprotheyini ingabanga kobana iimbuzi zibe nomthiya oqine khulu nanyana ohlangene khulu ongarholela ekutheni uthengiswe ngemali encani.
Iimfundo zitjengisa bona amazinga abancono wokukhula kanye nokumitha kwenkomo zenyama lokha nakusetjenziswa ama-legumes. Iimvuno zamadlelo ziyangezeleleka lokha ama-legumes nakafakwa ehlanganiseleni yamadlelo. Emfundwenezi, i-clover ebomvu nayihlanganiswa ne-fesue ede zikhiqiza isivuno esiphezulu (10t/ha) kune-fescue ede evundisiweko efakwe i-nitrogen efikelela ku-165 kg nitrogen/ha (9 t/ha).
Ezinye iimfundo zitjengise kobana ukusetjenziswa kwe-lucerne kanye ne-clover ebomvu kuvumelekile ekujamiseleni ukuvundiswa kwamadlelo.
Ukusetjenziswa kwama-legumes ehlanganiseleni yotjani ukwenza amadlelo we-biodiversity. Kwenza ngcono i-biodiversity eplasini, ekubambekeni kwehlabathi, kungarherha iinunwana eziletha inzuzo kwenze ngcono izakhimzimba ehlabathini.
Tjheja: Ilwazelilenzelwe ukufundisa kanye nomcopho wokunikela ngelwazi kwaphela begodu akukafaneli kobana lisetjenziselwe ukutjala, ukufunza kanye nenyeleliso zokudla. Ukuthola ilwazi elingezelelweko lokobana ifuywakho ungayipha njani ukudla nanyana lokutjala amadlelo thinta i-technician yezepilo yenlwane nanyana umsabalalisi wembewu.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana