Ti legumes i swimilani leswingana timintsu to tiya, ti humelerisa mbewu kusuka eka ti pods naswona tina matluka lawa yanga endliwa hi switlukani leswintsongo- hleketa hiti peas na clover tani hi swikombiso. Ti legumes titala ku tirhisiwa tani hi swimilani swa madyelo ya swifuwo. Tinga byariwa tiri toxe kutani titirhisiwa tani hi madyelo, ti tsemiwa kuva hay kumbe ti tshoveriwa loko tiri rihlaza kuva ti tirhisiwa tani hi silage kumbe haylage.
Ti legumes tani hi swimilani swa madyelo ti engetelela nantswo nati protein eka swakudya swa swivuwo. Hi xitalo, ti legumes tikatsiwa na byasi kuva tihumelerisa mpfanganyiso wa madyelo lawa yanga tala ti protein naswona swi dyeka ku antswa kutlula byasi byiri byoxe.
Khamphani yihi na yihi ya mbewu yinga kota kunyika switsundzuxo eka ti legumes ta kahle xikan’we na mpfanganyiso wa kahle wa byasi na ti legumes kuswi byala eka ndzhawu yale kan’wina xikan’we na muxaka wa misava. Kombela switsundzuxo.
Swakahle Kuva Ti Legumes Tiva Madyelo
Laha madyelo ya ti legumes ya tirhisiwaka tani hi swibyariwa swa forage leswi humelerisaka swakudya swati protein leswi gayelekaka swa swiharhi kutlula byasi byiri byoxe.
Ti legumes tile ka xiyimo xo antswa swinene hileswaku tikota ku cinca nitrogen leyinga exibakabakeni yiva nitrogen leyi tirhisekaka eka swimilani kuva yiva eka misava hi maendlelo lawa yativekaka tani hi ‘nitrogren fixing’. Leswi swihunguta swilaveko swaku nonisa madyelo hi nitrogen xikan’we na swimilani leswi tirhisanaka leswi vuyerisaka.
‘Nitrogen-fixing’ i mbuyelo wa vuxaka bya symbiotic eka ti bacteria ta misava leswivuriwaka Rhizobium leswi endlaka swibundwani swintsongo eka timintsu ta ti legumes. Swa hlohleteriwa leswaku loko kungase byariwa, mbewu yati legume yifanele ku sawutisiwa hi nhlayo leyi ringaneleke ya Rhizobium bacteria kutiyisisa leswaku kuva naku vumbeka ka ti nodes.
Swin’wana swakahle eka ku byala ti legumes tani hi madyelo i:
Madyelo yati legumesyana khwalithi ya xiyimo xale henhla tani hi mphakelo wa swakudya swa swifuwo leswingana nhlayo yale henhla yati protein. Swifuwo leswintsongo, leswi swaha kulaka swina swilaveko swale henhla swati protein leswinga fikeleriwaka hiku cheriwa ka nkatsakanyo wa forage.
Madyelo yati legume ya nantsweka kahle naswona ya gayeleka kahle eka swifuwo, hile tlhelo swi engetelela nhlayo ya calcium eka swibyariwa.
Lucerne i swakudya swankoka swa forage eka swifuwo leswi mamisaka swa masi, hambi leswi van’wamapurasi va masi lavangana ncheleto vanga tsakela madyelo ya clover-grass. Ti legumes eka mpfanganyiso wa swifuwo leswi humesaka masi leswinga engetelelaka ku dyiwa ka ti vitamin A na E na calcium hi swifuwo naswona swinga antswisa vukona bya mafurha eka masi xikan’we na khwalithi hinkwayo ya masi loko ku pimanyisiwa na byasi ntsena eka furu.
Van’wamapurasi votala va tinyimpfu vatirhisa ti legumes leti lulamisaka nitrogen tofana na lucerne, clover nati medics eka madyelo ya vona ku antswisa kukula ka wool na khwalithi. Eka timbuti ta Angora, nhlayo yale henhla yati protein yinga vanga leswaku kuva na voya byo tiyela swinene kumbe voya byo bumbula lebyinga vangaka leswaku kuva na nxavo wale hansi swinene eka fibre ya tona.
Vulavisisi byi kombe ku antswisiwa eka ti conception rates xikan’we naku kula ka nyama ya tihomu loko ti phameriwa ti legumes.
Mbuyelo wa madyelo wa tlakuka loko ti legumes tikatsiwa eka nkatsakanyo wa madyelo. Eka madyelo, red clover loko yi hlanganisiwile na tall fescue swivuyerisa mbuyelo wale henhla (10t/ha) kutlula tall fescue leyi nonisiweke hikwalomu ka 165 kg nitrogen/ha (9 t/ha).
Vulavisisi byin’wana byi kombe leswaku kutirhisiwa ka Lucerne na red clover hi leswi amukeriwaka loko madyelo yanga nonisiwangi.
Kutirhisiwa kati legumes eka mpfanganyiso byasi kutisa biodiverse forage. Switlhela swi antswisa biodiversity eka purasi, xivumbeko xa misava, swinga koka rinoko ra switsotswani leswi pfunetaka kutani swiantswisa kutekiwa ka swakudya kusuka eka misava.
Tiva leswaku: Vuxokoxoko lebyi i bya xikongomelo xo dyondzisa naku avela vuxokoxoko ntsena naswona byingaka byinga tekiwi tani hi switsundzuxo swa mabyalelo, mphamelo kumbe swakudya. Kukuma vuxokoxoko byotala eka mphamelo wa swakudya swa swifuwo kumbekubyariwa ka madyelo tihlanganise na madokodela ya swifuwo kumbe vaphakeri va mbewu.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni