Ubhontshisi Njengesitshalo Samadlelo

Izitshalo ziyizitshalo ezine-taproots, zikhiqiza imbewu ngamapods futhi zineziqabunga ezinamaqabunga ezinziwe ngamapheshana amancane - cabanga nge-peas kanye ne-clover njengezibonelo. Izitshalo zivame ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo semfuyo. Ingahlwanyelwa yedwa futhi isetshenziselwe ukutshala, ukusika utshani noma ukuvunwa lapho kuluhlaza okwenziwa luhlaza ukuze isetshenziswe noma i-haylage.
Izitshalo njengezitshalo zedlelo zandisa ukunambitheka nokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni kokudla kwemfuyo. Ngokuvamile, ama-legumes ahlanganiswe ngotshani ukukhiqiza udlelo oluxubekile emaprotheni futhi alungele ukudlula utshani kuphela.

Noma yimuphi inkampani yezinhlanzi izokwazi ukweluleka kwi-legumes umhlabeleli kanye nokuhlanganiswa kotshani okutshala ukuthi ukhule endaweni yakho nasenhlabathini yakho. Cela isiqondiso.

Izinzuzo Zobhontshisi Emadlelweni

©Roger Griffith

Lapho kudliwa izitshalo zomuthi njengezitshalo zokukhiqiza, kuveza amaprotheni amaningi okudliwa yizilwane kunotshani yedwa.

Imifino inenzuzo eyengeziwe ngoba ingashintsha i-nitrogen emkhathini ukunikeza i-nitrogen engenawo umhlabathi emhlabathini ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi 'nitrogren fixing'. Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokutshala amadlelo nge nitrogen kanye nezinzuzo zomngane wokudla.
'I-nitrogen-fixing' yimbangela yobuhlobo be-symbiotic nebhaktheriya enhlabathini okuthiwa i-Rhizobium eyenza ama-nodes amancane ezimpandeni ze-legume. Kunconywa ukuthi ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu yezinambuzane kufanele ifakwe inoculated nge-strain efanele ye-bacterium Rhizobium ukuqinisekisa ukubunjwa kwe-node.

Ezinye izinzuzo zokutshala ama-legumes njengoba amadlelo ekhona:

Amadlelo ama-legume ayimithombo ephezulu yokudla kwezilwane futhi iphrotheni ephezulu. Izilwane ezincane, ezikhulayo zinesidingo esikhulu seprotheyini esingasetshenziswa ngokufaka imifino emxube we-forage.

Amadlelo ama-legume ayinambitha futhi anezinyosi eziphezulu, futhi ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-calcium esitshalweni.

©Ivar Leidus

I-Lucerne iyi-forage ebalulekile yokudla izilwane zobisi, nakuba abalimi abanamanzi abaniselayo bengase bakhethe amadlelo ase-clover-utshani. Imifino ekuxukeni kokudla kwezilwane ezilahlayo ingandisa u-vitamin A no-E nokudla kwe-calcium yesilwane futhi ingangandisa okuqukethwe kwamanoni ebisi kanye nekhwalithi yonke yobisi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinyosi zokutshala utshani kuphela.

Abalimi abaningi bezimvu basebenzisa izitshalo zokugcoba i-nitrogen ezifana neLucerne, clover kanye nemithi emadlelweni awo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwanda kwe-wool kanye nekhwalithi. Ezimweni ze-Angora, amazinga aphezulu amaprotheni angabangela futhi 'amaqhinga' noma izinwele ezinwele ezinamandla ezingabangela amanani aphansi we-fiber yawo.

Izifundo zabonisa amanani okukhulelwa okuthuthukisiwe kanye namazinga okukhula enkomo yenkomo lapho kusetshenzwa izitshalo.

Umkhiqizo wodlelo ukwandisa lapho kutholakala izitshalo endaweni yokudla. Esicwaningweni, i-clover ebomvu ehlangene ne-fescue ende ikhiqize isivuno esiphezulu (10t/ha) kune-fescue ende ekhulelwe kuze kube ngu-165 kg nitrogen / ha (9 t/ha).
Olunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-Lucerne ne-clover ebomvu yindlela ehlukile yokwamukelwa kwamadlelo.

Ukusebenzisa izitshalo ekuxubeni ngotshani ukuze udale umanyolo we-biodiverse. Liphinde ithuthukise ukuhlukahluka kwezilwane zasemapulazini, ukuthungwa komhlabathi, kungadonsela izinambuzane eziwusizo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukutholakala kwezakhi emhlabathini.

Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele: Ulwazi lunikeza izinhloso zemfundo nolwazi kuphela futhi angeke lithathwe njengokutshala, ukuncelisa noma iseluleko somsoco. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngokudla izilwane zakho noma ukutshala amadlelo uxhumane nochwepheshe wezempilo wezilwane noma umhlinzeki wembewu.

Translated by Nsika Khoza